Թագաւորութիւններ Ա / 1 Samuel - 31 |

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Matthew Henry: Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible - 1706
In the foregoing chapter we had David conquering, yea, more than a conqueror. In this chapter we have Saul conquered and worse than a captive. Providence ordered it that both these things should be doing just at the same time. The very same day; perhaps, that David was triumphing over the Amalekites, were the Philistines triumphing over Saul. One is set over against the other, that men may see what comes of trusting in God and what comes of forsaking him. We left Saul ready to engage the Philistines, with a shaking hand and an aching heart, having had his doom read him from hell, which he would not regard when it was read him from heaven. Let us now see what becomes of him. Here is, I. His army routed, ver. 1. II. His three sons slain, ver. 2. III. Himself wounded (ver. 3), and slain by his own hand, ver. 4. The death of his armour-bearer (ver. 5) and all his men, ver. 6. IV. His country possessed by the Philistines, ver. 7. His camp plundered, and his dead body deserted, ver. 8. His fall triumphed in, ver. 9. His body publicly exposed (ver. 10) and with difficulty rescued by the men of Jabesh-Gilead, ver. 11-13. Thus fell the man that was rejected of God.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
A battle in Mount Gilboa between Israel and the Philistines; in which the former are defeated, and Saul's three sons slain, Sa1 31:1, Sa1 31:2. Saul, being mortally wounded, and afraid to fall alive into the hands of the Philistines, desires his armor-bearer to despatch him; which he refusing, Saul falls on his sword, and his armor-bearer does the same, Sa1 31:3-6. The Israelites on the other side of the valley forsake their cities, and the Philistines come and dwell in them, Sa1 31:7. The Philistines, finding Saul and his three sons among the slain, strip them of their armor, which they put in the house of Ashtaroth, cut of their heads, send the news to all the houses of their idols, and fasten the bodies of Saul and his three sons to the walls of Beth-shan, Sa1 31:8-10. Valiant men of Jabesh-gilead go by night, and take away the bodies; burn them at Jabesh; bury their bones under a tree; and fast seven days, Sa1 31:11-13.
1 Kings (1 Samuel) 31:1
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
Sa1 31:1, Saul, having lost his army, and his sons slain, he and his armour-bearer kill themselves; Sa1 31:7, The Philistines possess the forsaken towns of the Israelites; Sa1 31:8, They triumph over the dead carcases; Sa1 31:11, They of Jabesh-gilead recovering the dead bodies by night, burn them at Jabesh, and mournfully bury their bones.
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

Death and Burial of Saul and His Sons - 1Kings 31:1-13
The end of the unhappy king corresponded to his life ever since the day of his rejection as king. When he had lost the battle, and saw his three sons fallen at his side, and the archers of the enemy pressing hard upon him, without either repentance or remorse he put an end to his life by suicide, to escape the disgrace of being wounded and abused by the foe (1Kings 31:1-7). But he did not attain his object; for the next day the enemy found his corpse and those of his sons, and proceeded to plunder, mutilate, and abuse them (1Kings 31:8-10). However, the king of Israel was not to be left to perish in utter disgrace. The citizens of Jabesh remembered the deliverance which Saul had brought to their city after his election as king, and showed their gratitude by giving an honourable burial to Saul and his sons (1Kings 31:11-13). There is a parallel to this chapter in 1Chron 10:1-14, which agrees exactly with the account before us, with very few deviations indeed, and those mostly verbal, and merely introduces a hortatory clause at the end (1Chron 10:13, 1Chron 10:14).
John Gill
INTRODUCTION TO FIRST SAMUEL 31
This chapter gives an account of the battle between the Philistines and the Israelites, which had been preparing for, and the issue of it; in which Saul, his three sons, and his servants, were slain, upon which his army fled, and several of his cities were taken, 1Kings 31:1; what the Philistines did with his body and his armour, 1Kings 31:8; the former of which, together with the bodies of his sons, the men of Jabeshgilead rescued, and burnt them, and buried their bones under a tree at Jabesh, expressing great sorrow and concern, 1Kings 31:11.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
SAUL HAVING LOST HIS ARMY AT GILBOA, AND HIS SONS BEING SLAIN, HE AND HIS ARMOR-BEARER KILL THEMSELVES. (1Kings 31:1-7)
Now the Philistines fought against Israel--In a regular engagement, in which the two armies met (1Kings 28:1-4), the Israelites were forced to give way, being annoyed by the arrows of the enemy, which, destroying them at a distance before they came to close combat, threw them into panic and disorder. Taking advantage of the heights of Mount Gilboa, [the Israelites] attempted to rally, but in vain. Saul and his sons fought like heroes; but the onset of the Philistines being at length mainly directed against the quarter where they were, Jonathan and two brothers, Abinadab or Ishui (1Kings 14:49) and Melchishua, overpowered by numbers, were killed on the spot.
31:131:1: Եւ այլազգիքն պատերազմէի՛ն ընդ Իսրայէլի. եւ փախեա՛ն արք Իսրայէլի յերեսաց այլազգեացն. եւ անկանէին վիրաւորք ՚ի լերինն Գեղբուա։
1 Այլազգիները պատերազմ մղեցին Իսրայէլի դէմ, եւ իսրայէլացիները այլազգիների առաջ փախուստի դիմելով՝ վիրաւոր ընկան Գեղբուա լերան վրայ:
31 Փղշտացիները Իսրայէլին հետ պատերազմ կ’ընէին։ Իսրայելացիները Փղշտացիներուն առջեւէն փախան ու Գեղբուէ լերանը վրայ սպաննուած ինկան։
Եւ այլազգիքն պատերազմէին ընդ Իսրայելի. եւ փախեան արք Իսրայելի յերեսաց այլազգեացն, եւ անկանէին վիրաւորք ի լերինն Գեղբուայ:

31:1: Եւ այլազգիքն պատերազմէի՛ն ընդ Իսրայէլի. եւ փախեա՛ն արք Իսրայէլի յերեսաց այլազգեացն. եւ անկանէին վիրաւորք ՚ի լերինն Գեղբուա։
1 Այլազգիները պատերազմ մղեցին Իսրայէլի դէմ, եւ իսրայէլացիները այլազգիների առաջ փախուստի դիմելով՝ վիրաւոր ընկան Գեղբուա լերան վրայ:
31 Փղշտացիները Իսրայէլին հետ պատերազմ կ’ընէին։ Իսրայելացիները Փղշտացիներուն առջեւէն փախան ու Գեղբուէ լերանը վրայ սպաննուած ինկան։
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31:131:1 Филистимляне же воевали с Израильтянами, и побежали мужи Израильские от Филистимлян и пали пораженные на горе Гелвуе.
31:1 καὶ και and; even οἱ ο the ἀλλόφυλοι αλλοφυλος foreigner ἐπολέμουν πολεμεω battle ἐπὶ επι in; on Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel καὶ και and; even ἔφυγον φευγω flee οἱ ο the ἄνδρες ανηρ man; husband Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel ἐκ εκ from; out of προσώπου προσωπον face; ahead of τῶν ο the ἀλλοφύλων αλλοφυλος foreigner καὶ και and; even πίπτουσιν πιπτω fall τραυματίαι τραυματιας in τῷ ο the ὄρει ορος mountain; mount τῷ ο the Γελβουε γελβουε Gelboue; Yelvue
31:1 וּ û וְ and פְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים fᵊlištˌîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine נִלְחָמִ֣ים nilḥāmˈîm לחם fight בְּ bᵊ בְּ in יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל yiśrāʔˈēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel וַ wa וְ and יָּנֻ֜סוּ yyānˈusû נוס flee אַנְשֵׁ֤י ʔanšˈê אִישׁ man יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ yiśrāʔˌēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel מִ mi מִן from פְּנֵ֣י ppᵊnˈê פָּנֶה face פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים fᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine וַ wa וְ and יִּפְּל֥וּ yyippᵊlˌû נפל fall חֲלָלִ֖ים ḥᵃlālˌîm חָלָל pierced בְּ bᵊ בְּ in הַ֥ר hˌar הַר mountain הַ ha הַ the גִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃ ggilbˈōₐʕ גִּלְבֹּעַ Gilboa
31:1. Philisthim autem pugnabant adversum Israhel et fugerunt viri Israhel ante faciem Philisthim et ceciderunt interfecti in monte GelboeAnd the Philistines fought against Israel, and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gelboe.
1. Now the Philistines fought against Israel: and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa.
31:1. Now the Philistines were fighting against Israel. And the men of Israel fled before the face of the Philistines, and they fell down slain on mount Gilboa.
31:1. Now the Philistines fought against Israel: and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa.
Now the Philistines fought against Israel: and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa:

31:1 Филистимляне же воевали с Израильтянами, и побежали мужи Израильские от Филистимлян и пали пораженные на горе Гелвуе.
31:1
καὶ και and; even
οἱ ο the
ἀλλόφυλοι αλλοφυλος foreigner
ἐπολέμουν πολεμεω battle
ἐπὶ επι in; on
Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel
καὶ και and; even
ἔφυγον φευγω flee
οἱ ο the
ἄνδρες ανηρ man; husband
Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel
ἐκ εκ from; out of
προσώπου προσωπον face; ahead of
τῶν ο the
ἀλλοφύλων αλλοφυλος foreigner
καὶ και and; even
πίπτουσιν πιπτω fall
τραυματίαι τραυματιας in
τῷ ο the
ὄρει ορος mountain; mount
τῷ ο the
Γελβουε γελβουε Gelboue; Yelvue
31:1
וּ û וְ and
פְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים fᵊlištˌîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
נִלְחָמִ֣ים nilḥāmˈîm לחם fight
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל yiśrāʔˈēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
וַ wa וְ and
יָּנֻ֜סוּ yyānˈusû נוס flee
אַנְשֵׁ֤י ʔanšˈê אִישׁ man
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ yiśrāʔˌēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
מִ mi מִן from
פְּנֵ֣י ppᵊnˈê פָּנֶה face
פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים fᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
וַ wa וְ and
יִּפְּל֥וּ yyippᵊlˌû נפל fall
חֲלָלִ֖ים ḥᵃlālˌîm חָלָל pierced
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
הַ֥ר hˌar הַר mountain
הַ ha הַ the
גִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃ ggilbˈōₐʕ גִּלְבֹּעַ Gilboa
31:1. Philisthim autem pugnabant adversum Israhel et fugerunt viri Israhel ante faciem Philisthim et ceciderunt interfecti in monte Gelboe
And the Philistines fought against Israel, and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gelboe.
31:1. Now the Philistines were fighting against Israel. And the men of Israel fled before the face of the Philistines, and they fell down slain on mount Gilboa.
31:1. Now the Philistines fought against Israel: and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa.
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А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
1: См. примеч. к 1: ст. XXIX гл. И пали, пораженные на горе Гелвуе. Смятые в долине, евреи бросились было на свои прежние позиции, но было уже поздно: волна филистимлян, хлынувшая с покатой возвышенности Афек, гнала их и разила нещадно.
Matthew Henry: Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible - 1706
The Death of Saul. B. C. 1055.

1 Now the Philistines fought against Israel: and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa. 2 And the Philistines followed hard upon Saul and upon his sons; and the Philistines slew Jonathan, and Abinadab, and Melchi-shua, Saul's sons. 3 And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers hit him; and he was sore wounded of the archers. 4 Then said Saul unto his armourbearer, Draw thy sword, and thrust me through therewith; lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through, and abuse me. But his armourbearer would not; for he was sore afraid. Therefore Saul took a sword, and fell upon it. 5 And when his armourbearer saw that Saul was dead, he fell likewise upon his sword, and died with him. 6 So Saul died, and his three sons, and his armourbearer, and all his men, that same day together. 7 And when the men of Israel that were on the other side of the valley, and they that were on the other side Jordan, saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities, and fled; and the Philistines came and dwelt in them.
The day of recompence has now come, in which Saul must account for the blood of the Amalekites which he had sinfully spared, and that of the priests which he had more sinfully spilt; that of David too, which he would have spilt, must come into the account. Now his day has come to fall, as David foresaw, when he should descend into battle and perish, ch. xxvi. 10. Come and see the righteous judgments of God.
I. He sees his soldiers fall about him, v. 1. Whether the Philistines were more numerous, better posted, and better led on, or what other advantages they had, we are not told; but it seems they were more vigorous, for they made the onset; they fought against Israel, and the Israelites fled and fell. The best of the troops were put into disorder, and multitudes slain, probably those whom Saul had employed in pursuing David. Thus those who had followed him and served him in his sin went before him in his fall and shared with him in his plagues.
II. He sees his sons fall before him. The victorious Philistines pressed most forcibly upon the king of Israel and those about him. His three sons were next him, it is probable, and they were all three slain before his face, to his great grief (for they were the hopes of his family) and to his great terror, for they were now the guard of his person, and he could conclude no other than that his own turn would come next. His sons are named (v. 2), and it grieves us to find Jonathan among them: that wise, valiant, good man, who was as much David's friend as Saul was his enemy, yet falls with the rest. Duty to his father would not permit him to stay at home, or to retire when the armies engaged; and Providence so orders it that he falls in the common fate of his family, though he never involved himself in the guilt of it; so that the observation of Eliphaz does not hold (Job iv. 7), Who ever perished being innocent? For here was one. What shall we say to it? 1. God would hereby complete the vexation of Saul in his dying moments, and the judgment that was to be executed upon his house. If the family must fall, Jonathan, that is one of it, must fall with it. 2. He would hereby make David's way to the crown the more clear and open. For, though Jonathan himself would have cheerfully resigned all his title and interest to him (we have no reason to suspect any other), yet it is very probable that many of the people would have made use of his name for the support of the house of Saul, or at least would have come in but slowly to David. If Ish-bosheth (who was now left at home as one unfit for action, and so escaped) had so many friends, what would Jonathan have had, who had been the darling of the people and had never forfeited their favour? Those that were so anxious to have a king like the nations would be zealous for the right line, especially if that threw the crown upon such a head as Jonathan's. This would have embarrassed David; and, if Jonathan could have prevailed to bring in all his interest to David, then it would have been said that Jonathan had made him king, whereas God was to have all the glory. This is the Lord's doing. So that though the death of Jonathan would be a great affliction to David, yet, by making him mindful of his own frailty, as well as by facilitating his accession to the throne, it would be an advantage to him. 3. God would hereby show us that the difference between good and bad is to be made in the other world, not in this. All things come alike to all. We cannot judge of the spiritual or eternal state of any by the manner of their death; for in that there is one event to the righteous and to the wicked.
III. He himself is sorely wounded by the Philistines and then slain by his own hand. The archers hit him (v. 3), so that he could neither fight nor fly, and therefore must inevitably fall into their hands. Thus, to make him the more miserable, destruction comes gradually upon him, and he dies so as to feel himself die. To such an extremity was he now reduced that, 1. He was desirous to die by the hand of his own servant rather than by the hand of the Philistines, lest they should abuse him as they had abused Samson. Miserable man! He finds himself dying, and all his care is to keep his body out of the hands of the Philistines, instead of being solicitous to resign his soul into the hands of God who gave it, Eccl. xii. 7. As he lived, so he died, proud and jealous, and a terror to himself and all about him. Those who rightly understand the matter think it of small account, in comparison, how it is with them in death, so it may but be well with them after death. Those are in a deplorable condition indeed who, being bitter in soul, long for death, but it cometh not (Job iii. 20, 21), especially those who, despairing of the mercy of god, like Judas, leap into a hell before them, to escape a hell within them. 2. When he could not obtain that favour he became his own executioner, thinking hereby to avoid shame, but running upon a heinous sin, and with it entailing upon his own name a mark of perpetual infamy, as felo de se--a self-murderer. Jonathan, who received his death-wound from the hand of the Philistines and bravely yielded to the fate of war, died on the bed of honour; but Saul died as a fool dieth, as a coward dieth--a proud fool, a sneaking coward; he died as a man that had neither the fear of God nor hope in God, neither the reason of a man nor the religion of an Israelite, much less the dignity of a prince or the resolution of a soldier. Let us all pray, Lord, lead us not into temptation, this temptation. His armour-bearer would not run him through, and he did well to refuse it; for no man's servant ought to be a slave to his master's lusts or passions of any kind. The reason given is that he was sorely afraid, not of death, for he himself ran wilfully upon that immediately; but, having a profound reverence for the king his master, he could not conquer that so far as to do him any hurt; or perhaps he feared lest his trembling hand should give him but half a blow, and so put him to the greater misery.
IV. His armour-bearer who refused to kill him refused not to die with him, but fell likewise upon his sword, v. 5. This was an aggravating circumstance of the death of Saul, that, by the example of his wickedness in murdering himself, he drew in his servant to be guilty of the same wickedness, and perished not alone in his iniquity. The Jews say that Saul's armour-bearer was Doeg, whom he preferred to that dignity for killing the priests, and, if so, justly does his violent dealing return on his own head. David had foretold concerning him that God would destroy him for ever, Ps. lii. 5.
V. The country was put into such confusion by the rout of Saul's army that the inhabitants of the neighbouring cities (on that side Jordan, as it might be read) quitted them, and the Philistines, for a time, had possession of them, till things were settled in Israel (v. 7), to such a sad pass had Saul by his wickedness brought his country, which might have remained in the hands of the uncircumcised if David had not been raised up to repair the breaches of it. See what a king he proved for whom they rejected God and Samuel. They had still done wickedly (it is to be feared) as well as he, and therefore were consumed both they and their king, as the prophet had foretold concerning them, ch. xii. 25. And to this reference is had long after. Hos. xiii. 10, 11, "Where are thy saviours in all thy cities, of whom thou saidst, Give me a king and princes? I gave thee a king in my anger, and took him away in my wrath; that is, he was a plague to thee living and dying; thou couldst expect no other."
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
31:1: Now the Philistines fought - This is the continuation of the account given in Sa1 29:1-11.
The men of Israel fled - It seems as if they were thrown into confusion at the first onset, and turned their backs upon their enemies.
1 Kings (1 Samuel) 31:2
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:1: the Philistines: Sa1 28:1, Sa1 28:15, Sa1 29:1
fell down: Sa1 12:25; Ch1 10:1-12
slain: Heb. wounded
Gilboa: Eusebius and Jerome place this mountain six miles west from Bethshan, where was a large place called Gelbus. The natives still call it Djebel Gilbo. Sa1 28:4; Sa2 1:21
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

The account of the war between the Philistines and Israel, the commencement of which has already been mentioned in 1Kings 28:1, 1Kings 28:4., and 1Kings 29:1, is resumed in 1Kings 31:1 in a circumstantial clause; and to this there is attached a description of the progress and result of the battle, more especially with reference to Saul. Consequently, in 1Chron 10:1, where there had been no previous allusion to the war, the participle נלחמים is changed into the perfect. The following is the way in which we should express the circumstantial clause: "Now when the Philistines were fighting against Israel, the men of Israel fled before the Philistines, and slain men fell in the mountains of Gilboa" (vid., 1Kings 28:4). The principal engagement took place in the plain of Jezreel. But when the Israelites were obliged to yield, they fled up the mountains of Gilboa, and were pursued and slain there.
1Kings 31:2-6
The Philistines followed Saul, smote (i.e., put to death) his three sons (see at 1Kings 14:49), and fought fiercely against Saul himself. When the archers (בּקּשׁת אנשׁים is an explanatory apposition to המּורים) hit him, i.e., overtook him, he was greatly alarmed at them (יחל, from חיל or חוּל),
(Note: The lxx have adopted the rendering καὶ ἐτραυμάτισαν εἰς τὰ ὑποχόνδρια, they wounded him in the abdomen, whilst the Vulgate rendering is vulneratus est vehementer a sagittariis. In 1Chron 10:3 the Sept. rendering is καὶ ἐπόνεσεν ἀπὸ τῶν τόξων, and that of the Vulgate et vulneraverunt jaculis. The translators have therefore derived יחל from חלל = חלה, and then given a free rendering to the other words. But this rendering is overthrown by the word מאד, very, vehemently, to say nothing of the fact that the verb חלל or חלה cannot be proved to be ever used in the sense of wounding. If Saul had been so severely wounded that he could not kill himself, and therefore asked his armour-bearer to slay him, as Thenius supposes, he would not have had the strength to pierce himself with his sword when the armour-bearer refused. The further conjecture of Thenius, that the Hebrew text should be read thus, in accordance with the lxx, המּררים אל ויּחל, "he was wounded in the region of the gall," is opposed by the circumstance that ὑποχόνδρια is not the gall or region of the gall, but what is under the χόνδρος, or breast cartilage, viz., the abdomen and bowels.)
and called upon his armour-bearer to pierce him with the sword, "lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through, and play with me," i.e., cool their courage upon me by maltreating me. But as the armour-bearer would not do this, because he was very much afraid, since he was supposed to be answerable for the king's life, Saul inflicted death upon himself with his sword; whereupon the armour-bearer also fell upon his sword and died with his king, so that on that day Saul and this three sons and his armour-bearer all died; also "all his men" (for which we have "all his house" in the Chronicles), i.e., not all the warriors who went out with him to battle, but all the king's servants, or all the members of his house, sc., who had taken part in the battle. Neither Abner nor his son Ishbosheth was included, for the latter was not in the battle; and although the former was Saul's cousin and commander-in-chief (see 1Kings 14:50-51), he did not belong to his house or servants.
1Kings 31:7
When the men of Israel upon the sides that were opposite to the valley (Jezreel) and the Jordan saw that the Israelites (the Israelitish troop) fled, and Saul and his sons were dead, they took to flight out of the cities, whereupon the Philistines took possession of them. עבר is used here to signify the side opposite to the place of conflict in the valley of Jezreel, which the writer assumed as his standpoint (cf. 1Kings 14:40); so that העמק עבר is the country to the west of the valley of Jezreel, and היּרדּן עבר the country to the west of the Jordan, i.e., between Gilboa and the Jordan. These districts, i.e., the whole of the country round about the valley of Jezreel, the Philistines took possession of, so that the whole of the northern part of the land of Israel, in other words the whole land with the exception of Peraea and the tribe-land of Judah, came into their hands when Saul was slain.
John Gill
Now the Philistines fought against Israel,.... Being come to Jezreel where Israel pitched, 1Kings 29:1; they fell upon them, began the battle:
and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines; at the first onset, as it should seem:
and fell down slain in Mount Gilboa; which was near, and whither fleeing they were pursued and slain, at least great numbers of them.
31:231:2: Եւ հասին այլազգիքն ՚ի Սաւուղ եւ յորդիսն նորա, եւ հարին այլազգիքն զՅովնաթան եւ զԱմինադաբ եւ զՄելքիսաւէ՛ զորդիս Սաւուղայ.
2 Այլազգիները հետապնդելով Սաւուղին ու նրա որդիներին՝ սպանեցին Սաւուղի որդիներին՝ Յովնաթանին, Ամինադաբին ու Մեղքիսաւէին:
2 Ու Փղշտացիները Սաւուղին ու անոր որդիներուն ետեւէն հասան ու Փղշտացիները Սաւուղին որդիները՝ Յովնաթանը, Աբինադաբն ու Մեղքիսաւէն՝ զարկին։
Եւ հասին այլազգիքն ի Սաւուղ եւ յորդիս նորա, եւ հարին այլազգիքն զՅովնաթան եւ զԱբինադաբ եւ զՄեղքիսաւէ զորդիս Սաւուղայ:

31:2: Եւ հասին այլազգիքն ՚ի Սաւուղ եւ յորդիսն նորա, եւ հարին այլազգիքն զՅովնաթան եւ զԱմինադաբ եւ զՄելքիսաւէ՛ զորդիս Սաւուղայ.
2 Այլազգիները հետապնդելով Սաւուղին ու նրա որդիներին՝ սպանեցին Սաւուղի որդիներին՝ Յովնաթանին, Ամինադաբին ու Մեղքիսաւէին:
2 Ու Փղշտացիները Սաւուղին ու անոր որդիներուն ետեւէն հասան ու Փղշտացիները Սաւուղին որդիները՝ Յովնաթանը, Աբինադաբն ու Մեղքիսաւէն՝ զարկին։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
31:231:2 И догнали Филистимляне Саула и сыновей его, и убили Филистимляне Ионафана, и Аминадава, и Малхисуа, сыновей Саула.
31:2 καὶ και and; even συνάπτουσιν συναπτω foreigner τῷ ο the Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul καὶ και and; even τοῖς ο the υἱοῖς υιος son αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him καὶ και and; even τύπτουσιν τυπτω strike; beat ἀλλόφυλοι αλλοφυλος foreigner τὸν ο the Ιωναθαν ιωναθαν and; even τὸν ο the Αμιναδαβ αμιναδαβ Aminadab; Aminathav καὶ και and; even τὸν ο the Μελχισα μελχισα son Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
31:2 וַ wa וְ and יַּדְבְּק֣וּ yyaḏbᵊqˈû דבק cling, cleave to פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים fᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] שָׁא֖וּל šāʔˌûl שָׁאוּל Saul וְ wᵊ וְ and אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] בָּנָ֑יו bānˈāʸw בֵּן son וַ wa וְ and יַּכּ֣וּ yyakkˈû נכה strike פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים fᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] יְהֹונָתָ֧ן yᵊhônāṯˈān יְהֹונָתָן Jehonathan וְ wᵊ וְ and אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] אֲבִינָדָ֛ב ʔᵃvînāḏˈāv אֲבִינָדָב Abinadab וְ wᵊ וְ and אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] מַלְכִּי־שׁ֖וּעַ malkî-šˌûₐʕ מַלְכִּי שׁוּעַ Malki-Shua בְּנֵ֥י bᵊnˌê בֵּן son שָׁאֽוּל׃ šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul
31:2. inrueruntque Philisthim in Saul et filios eius et percusserunt Ionathan et Abinadab et Melchisue filios SaulAnd the Philistines fell upon Saul, and upon his sons, and they slew Jonathan, and Abinadab, and Melchisua, the sons of Saul.
2. And the Philistines followed hard upon Saul and upon his sons; and the Philistines slew Jonathan, and Abinadab, and Malchi-shua, the sons of Saul.
31:2. And the Philistines rushed upon Saul, and upon his sons, and they struck down Jonathan, and Abinadab, and Malchishua, the sons of Saul.
31:2. And the Philistines followed hard upon Saul and upon his sons; and the Philistines slew Jonathan, and Abinadab, and Malchishua, Saul’s sons.
And the Philistines followed hard upon Saul and upon his sons; and the Philistines slew Jonathan, and Abinadab, and Malchi- shua, Saul' s sons:

31:2 И догнали Филистимляне Саула и сыновей его, и убили Филистимляне Ионафана, и Аминадава, и Малхисуа, сыновей Саула.
31:2
καὶ και and; even
συνάπτουσιν συναπτω foreigner
τῷ ο the
Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
καὶ και and; even
τοῖς ο the
υἱοῖς υιος son
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
καὶ και and; even
τύπτουσιν τυπτω strike; beat
ἀλλόφυλοι αλλοφυλος foreigner
τὸν ο the
Ιωναθαν ιωναθαν and; even
τὸν ο the
Αμιναδαβ αμιναδαβ Aminadab; Aminathav
καὶ και and; even
τὸν ο the
Μελχισα μελχισα son
Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
31:2
וַ wa וְ and
יַּדְבְּק֣וּ yyaḏbᵊqˈû דבק cling, cleave to
פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים fᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
שָׁא֖וּל šāʔˌûl שָׁאוּל Saul
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
בָּנָ֑יו bānˈāʸw בֵּן son
וַ wa וְ and
יַּכּ֣וּ yyakkˈû נכה strike
פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים fᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
יְהֹונָתָ֧ן yᵊhônāṯˈān יְהֹונָתָן Jehonathan
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
אֲבִינָדָ֛ב ʔᵃvînāḏˈāv אֲבִינָדָב Abinadab
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
מַלְכִּי־שׁ֖וּעַ malkî-šˌûₐʕ מַלְכִּי שׁוּעַ Malki-Shua
בְּנֵ֥י bᵊnˌê בֵּן son
שָׁאֽוּל׃ šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul
31:2. inrueruntque Philisthim in Saul et filios eius et percusserunt Ionathan et Abinadab et Melchisue filios Saul
And the Philistines fell upon Saul, and upon his sons, and they slew Jonathan, and Abinadab, and Melchisua, the sons of Saul.
31:2. And the Philistines rushed upon Saul, and upon his sons, and they struck down Jonathan, and Abinadab, and Malchishua, the sons of Saul.
31:2. And the Philistines followed hard upon Saul and upon his sons; and the Philistines slew Jonathan, and Abinadab, and Malchishua, Saul’s sons.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jw▾ jg▾ tr▾ ac▾ all ▾
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
31:2: Followed hard upon Saul and upon his sons - They, seeing the discomfiture of their troops, were determined to sell their lives as dear as possible, and therefore maintained the battle till the three brothers were slain.
1 Kings (1 Samuel) 31:3
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:2: followed: Sa1 14:22; Sa2 1:6
Jonathan: Sa1 13:2, Sa1 13:16, Sa1 14:1-14, Sa1 14:49, Sa1 18:1-4, Sa1 23:17; Ch1 8:33, Ch1 9:39
Saul's sons: Exo 20:5; Kg2 25:7
John Gill
And the Philistines followed hard upon Saul,.... Stuck to him, pushed him close, bore hard upon him in that part of the army where he was having a design upon his person:
and upon his sons; who were with him:
and the Philistines slew Jonathan; who is mentioned first, being the eldest son, and perhaps first slain; and this was so ordered by the providence of God, that David's way to the throne might be more clear and easy; for though Jonathan would not have opposed him himself, yet the people, fond of him, would, at least many of them, been for setting him on the throne; and though he would have refused it, knowing David was the Lord's anointed, and have made interest for him, this would have looked as if he had made him king, and not the Lord:
and Abinadab and Malchishua, Saul's sons; these also were slain; former of these is called Ishui, 1Kings 14:49; Ishbosheth either was not in the battle, being left at home, as unfit for war, or to take care of the kingdom; or else he fled with Abner, and others, and escaped, and who was to be a trial to David.
John Wesley
Jonathan - David's dear friend; God so ordering it for the farther exercise of David's faith and patience; and that David might depend upon God alone for his crown, and receive it solely from him, and not from Jonathan; who doubtless, had he lived, would have speedily settled the crown upon David's head. There was also a special providence of God, in taking away Jonathan, (who of all Saul's sons, seems to have been the fairest for the crown) for preventing divisions, which might have happened amongst the people concerning the successor: David's way to the crown being by this means made the more clear. Abinadab - Called also Ishui, 1Kings 14:49. Ishbosheth was not here, being possibly at home for the management of affairs there.
31:331:3: եւ ծանրացա՛ւ պատերազմն ՚ի վերայ Սաւուղայ. եւ գտին զնա ա՛րք կորովիք աղեղնաւորք՝ եւ վիրաւորեցաւ ընդ կարաւանդսն ՚ի ներքս։
3 Պատերազմը Սաւուղի դէմ սաստկացաւ, կորովի աղեղնաւորները գտան նրան, եւ նա վիրաւորուեց կողոսկրից ներքեւ:
3 Պատերազմը Սաւուղին վրայ երթալով սաստկացաւ ու աղեղնաւորները զանիկա գտան ու աղեղնաւորներէն սաստիկ վիրաւորուեցաւ*։
եւ ծանրացաւ պատերազմն ի վերայ Սաւուղայ, եւ գտին զնա արք կորովիք աղեղնաւորք, եւ վիրաւորեցաւ [539]ընդ կարաւանդսն ի ներքս:

31:3: եւ ծանրացա՛ւ պատերազմն ՚ի վերայ Սաւուղայ. եւ գտին զնա ա՛րք կորովիք աղեղնաւորք՝ եւ վիրաւորեցաւ ընդ կարաւանդսն ՚ի ներքս։
3 Պատերազմը Սաւուղի դէմ սաստկացաւ, կորովի աղեղնաւորները գտան նրան, եւ նա վիրաւորուեց կողոսկրից ներքեւ:
3 Պատերազմը Սաւուղին վրայ երթալով սաստկացաւ ու աղեղնաւորները զանիկա գտան ու աղեղնաւորներէն սաստիկ վիրաւորուեցաւ*։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
31:331:3 И битва против Саула сделалась жестокая, и стрелки из луков поражали его, и он очень изранен был стрелками.
31:3 καὶ και and; even βαρύνεται βαρυνω weighty; weigh down ὁ ο the πόλεμος πολεμος battle ἐπὶ επι in; on Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul καὶ και and; even εὑρίσκουσιν ευρισκω find αὐτὸν αυτος he; him οἱ ο the ἀκοντισταί ακοντιστης man; husband τοξόται τοξοτης and; even ἐτραυματίσθη τραυματιζω traumatize εἰς εις into; for τὰ ο the ὑποχόνδρια υποχονδριον soft part of the body below the cartilage and above the navel; part under the ribs
31:3 וַ wa וְ and תִּכְבַּ֤ד ttiḵbˈaḏ כבד be heavy הַ ha הַ the מִּלְחָמָה֙ mmilḥāmˌā מִלְחָמָה war אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to שָׁא֔וּל šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul וַ wa וְ and יִּמְצָאֻ֥הוּ yyimṣāʔˌuhû מצא find הַ ha הַ the מֹּורִ֖ים mmôrˌîm ירה cast אֲנָשִׁ֣ים ʔᵃnāšˈîm אִישׁ man בַּ ba בְּ in † הַ the קָּ֑שֶׁת qqˈāšeṯ קֶשֶׁת bow וַ wa וְ and יָּ֥חֶל yyˌāḥel חיל have labour pain, to cry מְאֹ֖ד mᵊʔˌōḏ מְאֹד might מֵ mē מִן from הַ ha הַ the מֹּורִֽים׃ mmôrˈîm ירה cast
31:3. totumque pondus proelii versum est in Saul et consecuti sunt eum viri sagittarii et vulneratus est vehementer a sagittariisAnd the whole weight of the battle was turned upon Saul: and the archers overtook him, and he was grievously wounded by the archers.
3. And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers overtook him; and he was greatly distressed by reason of the archers.
31:3. And the entire weight of the battle was turned against Saul. And the men who were archers pursued him. And he was severely wounded by the archers.
31:3. And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers hit him; and he was sore wounded of the archers.
And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers hit him; and he was sore wounded of the archers:

31:3 И битва против Саула сделалась жестокая, и стрелки из луков поражали его, и он очень изранен был стрелками.
31:3
καὶ και and; even
βαρύνεται βαρυνω weighty; weigh down
ο the
πόλεμος πολεμος battle
ἐπὶ επι in; on
Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
καὶ και and; even
εὑρίσκουσιν ευρισκω find
αὐτὸν αυτος he; him
οἱ ο the
ἀκοντισταί ακοντιστης man; husband
τοξόται τοξοτης and; even
ἐτραυματίσθη τραυματιζω traumatize
εἰς εις into; for
τὰ ο the
ὑποχόνδρια υποχονδριον soft part of the body below the cartilage and above the navel; part under the ribs
31:3
וַ wa וְ and
תִּכְבַּ֤ד ttiḵbˈaḏ כבד be heavy
הַ ha הַ the
מִּלְחָמָה֙ mmilḥāmˌā מִלְחָמָה war
אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to
שָׁא֔וּל šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul
וַ wa וְ and
יִּמְצָאֻ֥הוּ yyimṣāʔˌuhû מצא find
הַ ha הַ the
מֹּורִ֖ים mmôrˌîm ירה cast
אֲנָשִׁ֣ים ʔᵃnāšˈîm אִישׁ man
בַּ ba בְּ in
הַ the
קָּ֑שֶׁת qqˈāšeṯ קֶשֶׁת bow
וַ wa וְ and
יָּ֥חֶל yyˌāḥel חיל have labour pain, to cry
מְאֹ֖ד mᵊʔˌōḏ מְאֹד might
מֵ מִן from
הַ ha הַ the
מֹּורִֽים׃ mmôrˈîm ירה cast
31:3. totumque pondus proelii versum est in Saul et consecuti sunt eum viri sagittarii et vulneratus est vehementer a sagittariis
And the whole weight of the battle was turned upon Saul: and the archers overtook him, and he was grievously wounded by the archers.
31:3. And the entire weight of the battle was turned against Saul. And the men who were archers pursued him. And he was severely wounded by the archers.
31:3. And the battle went sore against Saul, and the archers hit him; and he was sore wounded of the archers.
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Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
31:3: He was sore wounded of the archers - It is likely that Saul's sons were slain by the archers, and that Saul was now mortally wounded by the same. Houbigant translates, The archers rushed upon him, from whom he received a grievous wound. He farther remarks that had not Saul been grievously wounded, and beyond hope of recovery, he would not have wished his armor-bearer to despatch him; as he might have continued still to fight, or have made his escape from this most disastrous battle. Some of the versions render it, He Feared the archers greatly; but this is by no means likely.
1 Kings (1 Samuel) 31:4
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
31:3: He was sore wounded - Better, "he was sore afraid" (compare Deu 2:25). Saul's fear is explained in Sa1 31:4.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:3: went sore: Sa2 1:4; Amo 2:14
archers hit him: Heb. shooters, men with bows, found him, Gen 49:23; Kg1 22:34
John Gill
And the battle went sore against Saul,.... Pressed heavy upon him; he was the butt of the Philistines, they aimed at his person and life:
and the archers hit him; or "found him" (a); the place where was, and directed their arrows at him:
and he was sore wounded of the archers; or rather "he was afraid" of them, as the Targum, for as yet he was not wounded; and so the Syriac and Arabic versions render it, and is the sense Kimchi and Ben Melech give of the word: he was not afraid of death, as Abarbinel observes, he chose to die; but he was afraid he should be hit by the archers in such a way that he should not die immediately, and should be taken alive and ill used; the Philistines, especially the Cherethites, were famous for archery; See Gill on Zeph 2:5.
(a) "et inveserust cum", Pagninus, Montanus.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
the battle went sore against Saul, &c.--He seems to have bravely maintained his ground for some time longer; but exhausted with fatigue and loss of blood, and dreading that if he fell alive into the enemy's hands, they would insolently maltreat him (Josh 8:29; Josh 10:24; Judg 8:21), he requested his armor bearer to despatch him. However, that officer refused to do so. Saul then falling on the point of his sword killed himself; and the armor bearer, who, according to Jewish writers, was Doeg, following the example of his master, put an end to his life also. They died by one and the same sword--the very weapon with which they had massacred the Lord's servants at Nob.
31:431:4: Եւ ասէ Սաւուղ ցկապարճակիրն իւր. Մերկեա՛ զսուր քո եւ խոցեա՛ զիս նովաւ. գուցէ՛ գայցեն անթլփատքն եւ խոցոտիցեն զիս, եւ խաղայցեն զինեւ։ Եւ ո՛չ կամեցաւ կապարճակիրն՝ քանզի երկեա՛ւ յոյժ. եւ ա՛ռ Սաւուղ զսուսերն իւր եւ անկա՛ւ ՚ի վերայ նորա[3149]։ [3149] Ոմանք. Մերկա՛ զսուր քո։
4 Սաւուղն ասաց իր կապարճակրին. «Սուրդ մերկացրո՛ւ եւ դրանով ինձ մահացու խոցի՛ր: Չլինի, թէ անթլփատները գան, ինձ խոցոտեն ու ծաղր ու ծանակի ենթարկեն»: Կապարճակիրը չուզեց այդ անել, քանզի սաստիկ վախեցել էր:
4 Սաւուղ իր կապարճակիրին ըսաւ. «Սուրդ քաշէ՛ ու անով զիս խոցէ. չըլլայ որ այս անթլփատները գան ու զիս խոցեն եւ զիս ծաղր ընեն»։ Բայց կապարճակիրը չուզեց, քանզի շատ վախցաւ։ Սաւուղ սուրը առաւ ու անոր վրայ ինկաւ։
Եւ ասէ Սաւուղ ցկապարճակիրն իւր. Մերկեա զսուր քո եւ խոցեա զիս նովաւ. գուցէ գայցեն անթլփատքն եւ խոցոտիցեն զիս, եւ խաղայցեն զինեւ: Եւ ոչ կամեցաւ կապարճակիրն, քանզի երկեաւ յոյժ: Եւ ա՛ռ Սաւուղ զսուսերն իւր եւ անկաւ ի վերայ նորա:

31:4: Եւ ասէ Սաւուղ ցկապարճակիրն իւր. Մերկեա՛ զսուր քո եւ խոցեա՛ զիս նովաւ. գուցէ՛ գայցեն անթլփատքն եւ խոցոտիցեն զիս, եւ խաղայցեն զինեւ։ Եւ ո՛չ կամեցաւ կապարճակիրն՝ քանզի երկեա՛ւ յոյժ. եւ ա՛ռ Սաւուղ զսուսերն իւր եւ անկա՛ւ ՚ի վերայ նորա[3149]։
[3149] Ոմանք. Մերկա՛ զսուր քո։
4 Սաւուղն ասաց իր կապարճակրին. «Սուրդ մերկացրո՛ւ եւ դրանով ինձ մահացու խոցի՛ր: Չլինի, թէ անթլփատները գան, ինձ խոցոտեն ու ծաղր ու ծանակի ենթարկեն»: Կապարճակիրը չուզեց այդ անել, քանզի սաստիկ վախեցել էր:
4 Սաւուղ իր կապարճակիրին ըսաւ. «Սուրդ քաշէ՛ ու անով զիս խոցէ. չըլլայ որ այս անթլփատները գան ու զիս խոցեն եւ զիս ծաղր ընեն»։ Բայց կապարճակիրը չուզեց, քանզի շատ վախցաւ։ Սաւուղ սուրը առաւ ու անոր վրայ ինկաւ։
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31:431:4 И сказал Саул оруженосцу своему: обнажи твой меч и заколи меня им, чтобы не пришли эти необрезанные и не убили меня и не издевались надо мною. Но оруженосец не хотел, ибо очень боялся. Тогда Саул взял меч свой и пал на него.
31:4 καὶ και and; even εἶπεν επω say; speak Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul πρὸς προς to; toward τὸν ο the αἴροντα αιρω lift; remove τὰ ο the σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him σπάσαι σπαω draw τὴν ο the ῥομφαίαν ρομφαια broadsword σου σου of you; your καὶ και and; even ἀποκέντησόν αποκεντεω me ἐν εν in αὐτῇ αυτος he; him μὴ μη not ἔλθωσιν ερχομαι come; go οἱ ο the ἀπερίτμητοι απεριτμητος uncircumcised οὗτοι ουτος this; he καὶ και and; even ἀποκεντήσωσίν αποκεντεω me καὶ και and; even ἐμπαίξωσίν εμπαιζω belittle μοι μοι me καὶ και and; even οὐκ ου not ἐβούλετο βουλομαι want ὁ ο the αἴρων αιρω lift; remove τὰ ο the σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him ὅτι οτι since; that ἐφοβήθη φοβεω afraid; fear σφόδρα σφοδρα vehemently; tremendously καὶ και and; even ἔλαβεν λαμβανω take; get Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul τὴν ο the ῥομφαίαν ρομφαια broadsword καὶ και and; even ἐπέπεσεν επιπιπτω fall on / upon ἐπ᾿ επι in; on αὐτήν αυτος he; him
31:4 וַ wa וְ and יֹּ֣אמֶר yyˈōmer אמר say שָׁאוּל֩ šāʔûl שָׁאוּל Saul לְ lᵊ לְ to נֹשֵׂ֨א nōśˌē נשׂא lift כֵלָ֜יו ḵēlˈāʸw כְּלִי tool שְׁלֹ֥ף šᵊlˌōf שׁלף draw חַרְבְּךָ֣׀ ḥarbᵊḵˈā חֶרֶב dagger וְ wᵊ וְ and דָקְרֵ֣נִי ḏoqrˈēnî דקר pierce בָ֗הּ vˈāh בְּ in פֶּן־ pen- פֶּן lest יָ֠בֹואוּ yāvôʔˌû בוא come הָ hā הַ the עֲרֵלִ֨ים ʕᵃrēlˌîm עָרֵל uncircumcised הָ hā הַ the אֵ֤לֶּה ʔˈēlleh אֵלֶּה these וּ û וְ and דְקָרֻ֨נִי֙ ḏᵊqārˈunî דקר pierce וְ wᵊ וְ and הִתְעַלְּלוּ־ hiṯʕallᵊlû- עלל deal with בִ֔י vˈî בְּ in וְ wᵊ וְ and לֹ֤א lˈō לֹא not אָבָה֙ ʔāvˌā אבה want נֹשֵׂ֣א nōśˈē נשׂא lift כֵלָ֔יו ḵēlˈāʸw כְּלִי tool כִּ֥י kˌî כִּי that יָרֵ֖א yārˌē ירא fear מְאֹ֑ד mᵊʔˈōḏ מְאֹד might וַ wa וְ and יִּקַּ֤ח yyiqqˈaḥ לקח take שָׁאוּל֙ šāʔûl שָׁאוּל Saul אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] הַ ha הַ the חֶ֔רֶב ḥˈerev חֶרֶב dagger וַ wa וְ and יִּפֹּ֖ל yyippˌōl נפל fall עָלֶֽיהָ׃ ʕālˈeʸhā עַל upon
31:4. dixitque Saul ad armigerum suum evagina gladium tuum et percute me ne forte veniant incircumcisi isti et interficiant me inludentes mihi et noluit armiger eius fuerat enim nimio timore perterritus arripuit itaque Saul gladium et inruit super eumThen Saul said to his armourbearer: Draw thy sword, and kill me: lest these uncircumcised come, and slay me, and mock at me. And his armourbearer would not: for he was struck with exceeding great fear. Then Saul took his sword, and fell upon it.
4. Then said Saul to his armourbearer, Draw thy sword, and thrust me through therewith; lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through, and abuse me. But his armourbearer would not; for he was sore afraid. Therefore Saul took his sword, and fell upon it.
31:4. Then Saul said to his armor bearer, “Draw your sword and strike me, otherwise these uncircumcised may come and kill me, mocking me.” And his armor bearer was not willing. For he had been struck with an exceedingly great fear. And so, Saul took his own sword, and he fell upon it.
31:4. Then said Saul unto his armourbearer, Draw thy sword, and thrust me through therewith; lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through, and abuse me. But his armourbearer would not; for he was sore afraid. Therefore Saul took a sword, and fell upon it.
Then said Saul unto his armourbearer, Draw thy sword, and thrust me through therewith; lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through, and abuse me. But his armourbearer would not; for he was sore afraid. Therefore Saul took a sword, and fell upon it:

31:4 И сказал Саул оруженосцу своему: обнажи твой меч и заколи меня им, чтобы не пришли эти необрезанные и не убили меня и не издевались надо мною. Но оруженосец не хотел, ибо очень боялся. Тогда Саул взял меч свой и пал на него.
31:4
καὶ και and; even
εἶπεν επω say; speak
Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
πρὸς προς to; toward
τὸν ο the
αἴροντα αιρω lift; remove
τὰ ο the
σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
σπάσαι σπαω draw
τὴν ο the
ῥομφαίαν ρομφαια broadsword
σου σου of you; your
καὶ και and; even
ἀποκέντησόν αποκεντεω me
ἐν εν in
αὐτῇ αυτος he; him
μὴ μη not
ἔλθωσιν ερχομαι come; go
οἱ ο the
ἀπερίτμητοι απεριτμητος uncircumcised
οὗτοι ουτος this; he
καὶ και and; even
ἀποκεντήσωσίν αποκεντεω me
καὶ και and; even
ἐμπαίξωσίν εμπαιζω belittle
μοι μοι me
καὶ και and; even
οὐκ ου not
ἐβούλετο βουλομαι want
ο the
αἴρων αιρω lift; remove
τὰ ο the
σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
ὅτι οτι since; that
ἐφοβήθη φοβεω afraid; fear
σφόδρα σφοδρα vehemently; tremendously
καὶ και and; even
ἔλαβεν λαμβανω take; get
Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
τὴν ο the
ῥομφαίαν ρομφαια broadsword
καὶ και and; even
ἐπέπεσεν επιπιπτω fall on / upon
ἐπ᾿ επι in; on
αὐτήν αυτος he; him
31:4
וַ wa וְ and
יֹּ֣אמֶר yyˈōmer אמר say
שָׁאוּל֩ šāʔûl שָׁאוּל Saul
לְ lᵊ לְ to
נֹשֵׂ֨א nōśˌē נשׂא lift
כֵלָ֜יו ḵēlˈāʸw כְּלִי tool
שְׁלֹ֥ף šᵊlˌōf שׁלף draw
חַרְבְּךָ֣׀ ḥarbᵊḵˈā חֶרֶב dagger
וְ wᵊ וְ and
דָקְרֵ֣נִי ḏoqrˈēnî דקר pierce
בָ֗הּ vˈāh בְּ in
פֶּן־ pen- פֶּן lest
יָ֠בֹואוּ yāvôʔˌû בוא come
הָ הַ the
עֲרֵלִ֨ים ʕᵃrēlˌîm עָרֵל uncircumcised
הָ הַ the
אֵ֤לֶּה ʔˈēlleh אֵלֶּה these
וּ û וְ and
דְקָרֻ֨נִי֙ ḏᵊqārˈunî דקר pierce
וְ wᵊ וְ and
הִתְעַלְּלוּ־ hiṯʕallᵊlû- עלל deal with
בִ֔י vˈî בְּ in
וְ wᵊ וְ and
לֹ֤א lˈō לֹא not
אָבָה֙ ʔāvˌā אבה want
נֹשֵׂ֣א nōśˈē נשׂא lift
כֵלָ֔יו ḵēlˈāʸw כְּלִי tool
כִּ֥י kˌî כִּי that
יָרֵ֖א yārˌē ירא fear
מְאֹ֑ד mᵊʔˈōḏ מְאֹד might
וַ wa וְ and
יִּקַּ֤ח yyiqqˈaḥ לקח take
שָׁאוּל֙ šāʔûl שָׁאוּל Saul
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
הַ ha הַ the
חֶ֔רֶב ḥˈerev חֶרֶב dagger
וַ wa וְ and
יִּפֹּ֖ל yyippˌōl נפל fall
עָלֶֽיהָ׃ ʕālˈeʸhā עַל upon
31:4. dixitque Saul ad armigerum suum evagina gladium tuum et percute me ne forte veniant incircumcisi isti et interficiant me inludentes mihi et noluit armiger eius fuerat enim nimio timore perterritus arripuit itaque Saul gladium et inruit super eum
Then Saul said to his armourbearer: Draw thy sword, and kill me: lest these uncircumcised come, and slay me, and mock at me. And his armourbearer would not: for he was struck with exceeding great fear. Then Saul took his sword, and fell upon it.
31:4. Then Saul said to his armor bearer, “Draw your sword and strike me, otherwise these uncircumcised may come and kill me, mocking me.” And his armor bearer was not willing. For he had been struck with an exceedingly great fear. And so, Saul took his own sword, and he fell upon it.
31:4. Then said Saul unto his armourbearer, Draw thy sword, and thrust me through therewith; lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through, and abuse me. But his armourbearer would not; for he was sore afraid. Therefore Saul took a sword, and fell upon it.
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Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
31:4: Draw thy sword, and thrust me through - Dr. Delaney has some good observations on this part of the subject: "Saul and his armor-bearer died by the same sword. That his armor-bearer died by his own sword is out of all doubt; the text expressly tells us so; and that Saul perished by the same sword is sufficiently evident. Draw Thy sword, says he to him, and thrust me through; which, when he refused, Saul, says the text, took The sword, (את החרב eth hachereb, the very sword), and fell upon it. What sword? Not his own, for then the text would have said so; but, in the plain natural grammatical construction, the sword before mentioned must be the sword now referred to, that is, his armor-bearer's, Ch1 10:4, Ch1 10:5. Now it is the established tradition of all the Jewish nation that this armor-bearer was Doeg, and I see no reason why it should be discredited; and if so, then Saul and his executioner both fell by that weapon with which they had before massacred the priests of God. So Brutus and Cassius killed themselves with the same swords with which they stabbed Caesar; and Calippus was stabbed with the same sword with which he stabbed Dio."
1 Kings (1 Samuel) 31:6
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:4: Draw: Jdg 9:54; Ch1 10:4
uncircumcised: Sa1 14:6, Sa1 17:26, Sa1 17:36; Sa2 1:20; Jer 9:25, Jer 9:26; Eze 44:7-9
abuse me: or, mock me
he was sore: Sa2 1:14
Saul: Sa2 1:9, Sa2 1:10, Sa2 17:23; Kg1 16:27
a sword: Eth hacherve, rather, "the sword," i. e., his armour- bearer's, who, according to the Jews, was Doeg; and if so, then Saul and his executioner fell by the same sword with which they massacred the priests of God.
Geneva 1599
Then said Saul unto his armourbearer, (a) Draw thy sword, and thrust me through therewith; lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through, and abuse me. But his armourbearer would not; for he was sore afraid. Therefore Saul took a sword, and fell upon it.
(a) So we see that his cruel life has a desperate end, as is commonly seen in those who persecute the children of God.
John Gill
Then said Saul unto his armourbearer,.... Who, the Jews (b) say, was Doeg the Edomite, promoted to this office for slaying the priests:
draw thy sword, and thrust me through therewith; for if he was wounded, yet not mortally, and it is certain he did not so apprehend it. It is much the sword of the armourbearer should be sheathed in a battle; but perhaps he was preparing for flight, and so had put it up in its scabbard:
lest these uncircumcised come and thrust me through, and abuse me; lest they should not dispatch him at once, but put him to a lingering and torturing death, and insult him, and mock at him, as they did Samson:
but his armourbearer would not, for he was sore afraid; to lay his hand on the king the Lord's anointed, to take away his life, being more scrupulous of doing that, if this was Doeg, than of slaying the priests of the Lord; or he might be afraid of doing this, since should he survive this action, he would be called to an account by the Israelites, and be put to death for killing the king:
therefore Saul took a sword, and fell upon it; or rather "the sword", the sword of his armourbearer, and so was a suicide: the Jews endeavour to excuse this fact of Saul, because he knew he should die in battle from the words of Samuel; and being pressed sore by the archers, he saw it was impossible to escape out of their hands and therefore judged it better to kill himself than to fall by the hands of the uncircumcised; but these excuses will not do. Josephus (c) denies he killed himself; that though he attempted it, his sword would not pierce through him, and that he was killed by the Amalekite, and that that was a true account he gave to David in the following chapter; though it seems rather to be a lie, to curry favour with David, and that Saul did destroy himself.
(b) Hieron. Trad. Heb. in lib. Reg. fol. 77. B. (c) Antiqu. l. 6. c. 14. sect. 7.
31:531:5: Իբրեւ ետես կապարճակիրն եթէ մեռաւ Սաւուղ՝ անկա՛ւ եւ նա ՚ի վերայ սուսերին իւրոյ եւ մեռա՛ւ ընդ նմա[3150]։ [3150] Յօրինակին պակասէր. Անկաւ եւ նա ՚ի վերայ սուսերին։
5 Սաւուղն առաւ իր սուրը եւ իրեն նետեց դրա վրայ: Երբ կապարճակիրը տեսաւ, թէ Սաւուղը մեռաւ, ինքը եւս իրեն նետեց սրի վրայ ու նրա հետ մեռաւ:
5 Անոր կապարճակիրը Սաւուղին մեռնիլը տեսնելով՝ ինքն ալ իր սուրին վրայ ինկաւ ու անոր հետ մեռաւ։
Իբրեւ ետես կապարճակիրն թէ մեռաւ Սաւուղ, անկաւ եւ նա ի վերայ սուսերին իւրոյ եւ մեռաւ ընդ նմա:

31:5: Իբրեւ ետես կապարճակիրն եթէ մեռաւ Սաւուղ՝ անկա՛ւ եւ նա ՚ի վերայ սուսերին իւրոյ եւ մեռա՛ւ ընդ նմա[3150]։
[3150] Յօրինակին պակասէր. Անկաւ եւ նա ՚ի վերայ սուսերին։
5 Սաւուղն առաւ իր սուրը եւ իրեն նետեց դրա վրայ: Երբ կապարճակիրը տեսաւ, թէ Սաւուղը մեռաւ, ինքը եւս իրեն նետեց սրի վրայ ու նրա հետ մեռաւ:
5 Անոր կապարճակիրը Սաւուղին մեռնիլը տեսնելով՝ ինքն ալ իր սուրին վրայ ինկաւ ու անոր հետ մեռաւ։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
31:531:5 Оруженосец его, увидев, что Саул умер, и сам пал на свой меч и умер с ним.
31:5 καὶ και and; even εἶδεν οραω view; see ὁ ο the αἴρων αιρω lift; remove τὰ ο the σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him ὅτι οτι since; that τέθνηκεν θνησκω die; departed Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul καὶ και and; even ἐπέπεσεν επιπιπτω fall on / upon καὶ και and; even αὐτὸς αυτος he; him ἐπὶ επι in; on τὴν ο the ῥομφαίαν ρομφαια broadsword αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him καὶ και and; even ἀπέθανεν αποθνησκω die μετ᾿ μετα with; amid αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
31:5 וַ wa וְ and יַּ֥רְא yyˌar ראה see נֹשֵֽׂא־ nōśˈē- נשׂא lift כֵלָ֖יו ḵēlˌāʸw כְּלִי tool כִּ֣י kˈî כִּי that מֵ֣ת mˈēṯ מות die שָׁא֑וּל šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul וַ wa וְ and יִּפֹּ֥ל yyippˌōl נפל fall גַּם־ gam- גַּם even ה֛וּא hˈû הוּא he עַל־ ʕal- עַל upon חַרְבֹּ֖ו ḥarbˌô חֶרֶב dagger וַ wa וְ and יָּ֥מָת yyˌāmoṯ מות die עִמֹּֽו׃ ʕimmˈô עִם with
31:5. quod cum vidisset armiger eius videlicet quod mortuus esset Saul inruit etiam ipse super gladium suum et mortuus est cum eoAnd when his armourbearer saw this, to wit, that Saul was dead, he also fell upon his sword and died with him.
5. And when his armourbearer saw that Saul was dead, he likewise fell upon his sword, and died with him.
31:5. And when his armor bearer had seen this, namely, that Saul had died, he too fell upon his sword, and he died with him.
31:5. And when his armourbearer saw that Saul was dead, he fell likewise upon his sword, and died with him.
And when his armourbearer saw that Saul was dead, he fell likewise upon his sword, and died with him:

31:5 Оруженосец его, увидев, что Саул умер, и сам пал на свой меч и умер с ним.
31:5
καὶ και and; even
εἶδεν οραω view; see
ο the
αἴρων αιρω lift; remove
τὰ ο the
σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
ὅτι οτι since; that
τέθνηκεν θνησκω die; departed
Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
καὶ και and; even
ἐπέπεσεν επιπιπτω fall on / upon
καὶ και and; even
αὐτὸς αυτος he; him
ἐπὶ επι in; on
τὴν ο the
ῥομφαίαν ρομφαια broadsword
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
καὶ και and; even
ἀπέθανεν αποθνησκω die
μετ᾿ μετα with; amid
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
31:5
וַ wa וְ and
יַּ֥רְא yyˌar ראה see
נֹשֵֽׂא־ nōśˈē- נשׂא lift
כֵלָ֖יו ḵēlˌāʸw כְּלִי tool
כִּ֣י kˈî כִּי that
מֵ֣ת mˈēṯ מות die
שָׁא֑וּל šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul
וַ wa וְ and
יִּפֹּ֥ל yyippˌōl נפל fall
גַּם־ gam- גַּם even
ה֛וּא hˈû הוּא he
עַל־ ʕal- עַל upon
חַרְבֹּ֖ו ḥarbˌô חֶרֶב dagger
וַ wa וְ and
יָּ֥מָת yyˌāmoṯ מות die
עִמֹּֽו׃ ʕimmˈô עִם with
31:5. quod cum vidisset armiger eius videlicet quod mortuus esset Saul inruit etiam ipse super gladium suum et mortuus est cum eo
And when his armourbearer saw this, to wit, that Saul was dead, he also fell upon his sword and died with him.
31:5. And when his armor bearer had seen this, namely, that Saul had died, he too fell upon his sword, and he died with him.
31:5. And when his armourbearer saw that Saul was dead, he fell likewise upon his sword, and died with him.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jg▾ tr▾ all ▾
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:5: Ch1 10:5
John Gill
And when his armourbearer saw that Saul was dead,.... By his own hands, and not by the hands of the Amalekite, which the armour bearer would scarcely have suffered:
he fell likewise upon his sword, and died with him; some think that Saul, and his armourbearer, died by the same sword, which was the armourbearer's; and if he was Doeg, they fell probably by the same sword with which the priests of the Lord were murdered at Nob, 1Kings 22:18; and it is observed by an historian (d), that the murderers of Julius Caesar slew themselves with the same dagger they destroyed him.
(d) Sucton. Vit. Caesar. c. 89.
31:631:6: Եւ մեռա՛ւ Սաւուղ՝ եւ երեքեան որդիք նորա, եւ կապարճակիրն իւր. եւ ամենայն արք նորա յաւուր յայնմիկ ՚ի միասին։
6 Մեռան Սաւուղը, իր երեք որդիներն ու իր կապարճակիրը. նրա բոլոր մարդիկ նոյն օրը միասին մեռան:
6 Սաւուղ ու անոր երեք որդիներն ու կապարճակիրը եւ անոր բոլոր մարդիկը նոյն օրը մէկտեղ մեռան։
Եւ մեռաւ Սաւուղ եւ երեքեան որդիք նորա, եւ կապարճակիրն իւր, եւ ամենայն արք նորա յաւուր յայնմիկ ի միասին:

31:6: Եւ մեռա՛ւ Սաւուղ՝ եւ երեքեան որդիք նորա, եւ կապարճակիրն իւր. եւ ամենայն արք նորա յաւուր յայնմիկ ՚ի միասին։
6 Մեռան Սաւուղը, իր երեք որդիներն ու իր կապարճակիրը. նրա բոլոր մարդիկ նոյն օրը միասին մեռան:
6 Սաւուղ ու անոր երեք որդիներն ու կապարճակիրը եւ անոր բոլոր մարդիկը նոյն օրը մէկտեղ մեռան։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
31:631:6 Так умер в тот день Саул и три сына его, и оруженосец его, а также и все люди его вместе.
31:6 καὶ και and; even ἀπέθανεν αποθνησκω die Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul καὶ και and; even οἱ ο the τρεῖς τρεις three υἱοὶ υιος son αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him καὶ και and; even ὁ ο the αἴρων αιρω lift; remove τὰ ο the σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him ἐν εν in τῇ ο the ἡμέρᾳ ημερα day ἐκείνῃ εκεινος that κατὰ κατα down; by τὸ ο the αὐτό αυτος he; him
31:6 וַ wa וְ and יָּ֣מָת yyˈāmoṯ מות die שָׁא֡וּל šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul וּ û וְ and שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת šᵊlˈōšeṯ שָׁלֹשׁ three בָּנָיו֩ bānāʸw בֵּן son וְ wᵊ וְ and נֹשֵׂ֨א nōśˌē נשׂא lift כֵלָ֜יו ḵēlˈāʸw כְּלִי tool גַּ֧ם gˈam גַּם even כָּל־ kol- כֹּל whole אֲנָשָׁ֛יו ʔᵃnāšˈāʸw אִישׁ man בַּ ba בְּ in † הַ the יֹּ֥ום yyˌôm יֹום day הַ ha הַ the ה֖וּא hˌû הוּא he יַחְדָּֽו׃ yaḥdˈāw יַחְדָּו together
31:6. mortuus est ergo Saul et tres filii eius et armiger illius et universi viri eius in die illa pariterSo Saul died, and his three sons, and his armourbearer, and all his men that same day together.
6. So Saul died, and his three sons, and his armourbearer, and all his men, that same day together.
31:6. Therefore, Saul died, and his three sons, and his armor bearer, and all his men, on the same day together.
31:6. So Saul died, and his three sons, and his armourbearer, and all his men, that same day together.
So Saul died, and his three sons, and his armourbearer, and all his men, that same day together:

31:6 Так умер в тот день Саул и три сына его, и оруженосец его, а также и все люди его вместе.
31:6
καὶ και and; even
ἀπέθανεν αποθνησκω die
Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
καὶ και and; even
οἱ ο the
τρεῖς τρεις three
υἱοὶ υιος son
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
καὶ και and; even
ο the
αἴρων αιρω lift; remove
τὰ ο the
σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
ἐν εν in
τῇ ο the
ἡμέρᾳ ημερα day
ἐκείνῃ εκεινος that
κατὰ κατα down; by
τὸ ο the
αὐτό αυτος he; him
31:6
וַ wa וְ and
יָּ֣מָת yyˈāmoṯ מות die
שָׁא֡וּל šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul
וּ û וְ and
שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת šᵊlˈōšeṯ שָׁלֹשׁ three
בָּנָיו֩ bānāʸw בֵּן son
וְ wᵊ וְ and
נֹשֵׂ֨א nōśˌē נשׂא lift
כֵלָ֜יו ḵēlˈāʸw כְּלִי tool
גַּ֧ם gˈam גַּם even
כָּל־ kol- כֹּל whole
אֲנָשָׁ֛יו ʔᵃnāšˈāʸw אִישׁ man
בַּ ba בְּ in
הַ the
יֹּ֥ום yyˌôm יֹום day
הַ ha הַ the
ה֖וּא hˌû הוּא he
יַחְדָּֽו׃ yaḥdˈāw יַחְדָּו together
31:6. mortuus est ergo Saul et tres filii eius et armiger illius et universi viri eius in die illa pariter
So Saul died, and his three sons, and his armourbearer, and all his men that same day together.
31:6. Therefore, Saul died, and his three sons, and his armor bearer, and all his men, on the same day together.
31:6. So Saul died, and his three sons, and his armourbearer, and all his men, that same day together.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jg▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ all ▾
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
31:6: And all his men - Probably meaning those of his troops which were his life or body guards: as to the bulk of the army, it fled at the commencement of the battle, Sa1 31:1.
1 Kings (1 Samuel) 31:7
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
31:6: All his men - This and similar expressions must not be taken too literally (compare Ch1 10:6). We know that Abner, and Ish-bosheth, and manymore survived the day of Gilboa.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:6: Sa1 4:10, Sa1 4:11, Sa1 11:15, Sa1 12:17, Sa1 12:25, Sa1 28:19; Ch1 10:6; Ecc 9:1, Ecc 9:2; Hos 13:10, Hos 13:11
John Gill
So Saul died, and his three sons, and his armourbearer,.... Only with this difference, his three sons died honourably in the field of battle, but he and his armourbearer destroyed themselves. Josephus says (e) he reigned eighteen years in the life of Samuel, and after his death twenty two years, which make the forty years the apostle ascribes to him, Acts 13:21; Eupolemus (f), an Heathen writer, makes him to reign twenty one years; but of the years of his reign, both before and after the death of Samuel, chronologers are not agreed, see 1Kings 25:1; and See Gill on Acts 13:21,
and all his men that same day together; not all the soldiers in his army; for many of them fled and escaped, and even Abner the general of the army, but his household servants, or those that were near his person, his bodyguards.
(e) Antiqu. l. 6. c. 14. sect. 9. (f) Apud Euseb. Praepar. Evangel. l. 9. c. 3. p. 447.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
So Saul died--(see on 1Chron 10:13; Hos 13:11).
and his three sons--The influence of a directing Providence is evidently to be traced in permitting the death of Saul's three eldest and most energetic sons, particularly that of Jonathan, for whom, had he survived his father, a strong party would undoubtedly have risen and thus obstructed the path of David to the throne.
and all his men, that same day together--his servants or bodyguard (1Chron 10:6).
31:731:7: Եւ իբրեւ տեսին արք Իսրայէլի որ յա՛յնկոյս հովտացն, եւ որ յա՛յնկոյս Յորդանանու. եթէ փախեան արք Իսրայէլի, եւ թէ մեռաւ Սաւուղ՝ եւ որդիք նորա, թողին զքաղաքս իւրեանց եւ փախեան. եւ ելին այլազգիքն եւ բնակեցան ՚ի նոսա[3151]։ [3151] Յօրինակին. Յորդանանու. եւ թէ փախեան արք Իսրայէլի... եւ բանակեցան ՚ի նոսա։ Ոմանք. Եւ բնակեցան ընդ նոսա։
7 Երբ հովտի այն կողմում ու Յորդանան գետի այն կողմում գտնուող իսրայէլացիները տեսան, թէ իսրայէլացիները փախան, եւ թէ մեռան Սաւուղն ու իր որդիները, թողեցին իրենց քաղաքներն ու փախուստի դիմեցին: Այլազգիները եկան ու բնակուեցին դրանց մէջ:
7 Հովիտին անդիի կողմը եւ Յորդանանի անդիի կողմը բնակող Իսրայէլի մարդիկը Իսրայելացիներու փախչիլը ու Սաւուղին եւ անոր որդիներուն մեռնիլը տեսնելով՝ քաղաքները թողուցին ու փախան։ Փղշտացիները եկան ու անոնց մէջ բնակեցան։
Եւ իբրեւ տեսին արք Իսրայելի որ յայնկոյս հովտացն եւ որ յայնկոյս Յորդանանու, եթէ փախեան արք Իսրայելի, եւ թէ մեռաւ Սաւուղ եւ որդիք նորա, թողին զքաղաքս իւրեանց եւ փախեան, եւ ելին այլազգիքն եւ բնակեցան ի նոսա:

31:7: Եւ իբրեւ տեսին արք Իսրայէլի որ յա՛յնկոյս հովտացն, եւ որ յա՛յնկոյս Յորդանանու. եթէ փախեան արք Իսրայէլի, եւ թէ մեռաւ Սաւուղ՝ եւ որդիք նորա, թողին զքաղաքս իւրեանց եւ փախեան. եւ ելին այլազգիքն եւ բնակեցան ՚ի նոսա[3151]։
[3151] Յօրինակին. Յորդանանու. եւ թէ փախեան արք Իսրայէլի... եւ բանակեցան ՚ի նոսա։ Ոմանք. Եւ բնակեցան ընդ նոսա։
7 Երբ հովտի այն կողմում ու Յորդանան գետի այն կողմում գտնուող իսրայէլացիները տեսան, թէ իսրայէլացիները փախան, եւ թէ մեռան Սաւուղն ու իր որդիները, թողեցին իրենց քաղաքներն ու փախուստի դիմեցին: Այլազգիները եկան ու բնակուեցին դրանց մէջ:
7 Հովիտին անդիի կողմը եւ Յորդանանի անդիի կողմը բնակող Իսրայէլի մարդիկը Իսրայելացիներու փախչիլը ու Սաւուղին եւ անոր որդիներուն մեռնիլը տեսնելով՝ քաղաքները թողուցին ու փախան։ Փղշտացիները եկան ու անոնց մէջ բնակեցան։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
31:731:7 Израильтяне, жившие на стороне долины и за Иорданом, видя, что люди Израильские побежали и что умер Саул и сыновья его, оставили города свои и бежали, а Филистимляне пришли и засели в них.
31:7 καὶ και and; even εἶδον οραω view; see οἱ ο the ἄνδρες ανηρ man; husband Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel οἱ ο the ἐν εν in τῷ ο the πέραν περαν on the other side τῆς ο the κοιλάδος κοιλας and; even οἱ ο the ἐν εν in τῷ ο the πέραν περαν on the other side τοῦ ο the Ιορδάνου ιορδανης Iordanēs; Iorthanis ὅτι οτι since; that ἔφυγον φευγω flee οἱ ο the ἄνδρες ανηρ man; husband Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel καὶ και and; even ὅτι οτι since; that τέθνηκεν θνησκω die; departed Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul καὶ και and; even οἱ ο the υἱοὶ υιος son αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him καὶ και and; even καταλείπουσιν καταλειπω leave behind; remain τὰς ο the πόλεις πολις city αὐτῶν αυτος he; him καὶ και and; even φεύγουσιν φευγω flee καὶ και and; even ἔρχονται ερχομαι come; go οἱ ο the ἀλλόφυλοι αλλοφυλος foreigner καὶ και and; even κατοικοῦσιν κατοικεω settle ἐν εν in αὐταῖς αυτος he; him
31:7 וַ wa וְ and יִּרְא֣וּ yyirʔˈû ראה see אַנְשֵֽׁי־ ʔanšˈê- אִישׁ man יִ֠שְׂרָאֵל yiśrāʔˌēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel אֲשֶׁר־ ʔᵃšer- אֲשֶׁר [relative] בְּ bᵊ בְּ in עֵ֨בֶר ʕˌēver עֵבֶר opposite הָ hā הַ the עֵ֜מֶק ʕˈēmeq עֵמֶק valley וַ wa וְ and אֲשֶׁ֣ר׀ ʔᵃšˈer אֲשֶׁר [relative] בְּ bᵊ בְּ in עֵ֣בֶר ʕˈēver עֵבֶר opposite הַ ha הַ the יַּרְדֵּ֗ן yyardˈēn יַרְדֵּן Jordan כִּֽי־ kˈî- כִּי that נָ֨סוּ֙ nˈāsû נוס flee אַנְשֵׁ֣י ʔanšˈê אִישׁ man יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל yiśrāʔˈēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel וְ wᵊ וְ and כִי־ ḵî- כִּי that מֵ֖תוּ mˌēṯû מות die שָׁא֣וּל šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul וּ û וְ and בָנָ֑יו vānˈāʸw בֵּן son וַ wa וְ and יַּעַזְב֤וּ yyaʕazᵊvˈû עזב leave אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] הֶֽ hˈe הַ the עָרִים֙ ʕārîm עִיר town וַ wa וְ and יָּנֻ֔סוּ yyānˈusû נוס flee וַ wa וְ and יָּבֹ֣אוּ yyāvˈōʔû בוא come פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים fᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine וַ wa וְ and יֵּֽשְׁב֖וּ yyˈēšᵊvˌû ישׁב sit בָּהֶֽן׃ ס bāhˈen . s בְּ in
31:7. videntes autem viri Israhel qui erant trans vallem et trans Iordanem quod fugissent viri israhelitae et quod mortuus esset Saul et filii eius reliquerunt civitates suas et fugerunt veneruntque Philisthim et habitaverunt ibiAnd the men of Israel, that were beyond the valley, and beyond the Jordan, seeing that the Israelites were fled, and that Saul was dead, and his sons, forsook their cities, and fled: and the Philistines came and dwelt there.
7. And when the men of Israel that were on the other side of the valley, and they that were beyond Jordan, saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities, and fled; and the Philistines came and dwelt in them.
31:7. Then, seeing that the men of the Israelites had fled, and that Saul had died with his sons, the men of Israel who were across the valley or beyond the Jordan abandoned their cities, and they fled. And the Philistines went and lived there.
31:7. And when the men of Israel that [were] on the other side of the valley, and [they] that [were] on the other side Jordan, saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities, and fled; and the Philistines came and dwelt in them.
And when the men of Israel that [were] on the other side of the valley, and [they] that [were] on the other side Jordan, saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities, and fled; and the Philistines came and dwelt in them:

31:7 Израильтяне, жившие на стороне долины и за Иорданом, видя, что люди Израильские побежали и что умер Саул и сыновья его, оставили города свои и бежали, а Филистимляне пришли и засели в них.
31:7
καὶ και and; even
εἶδον οραω view; see
οἱ ο the
ἄνδρες ανηρ man; husband
Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel
οἱ ο the
ἐν εν in
τῷ ο the
πέραν περαν on the other side
τῆς ο the
κοιλάδος κοιλας and; even
οἱ ο the
ἐν εν in
τῷ ο the
πέραν περαν on the other side
τοῦ ο the
Ιορδάνου ιορδανης Iordanēs; Iorthanis
ὅτι οτι since; that
ἔφυγον φευγω flee
οἱ ο the
ἄνδρες ανηρ man; husband
Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel
καὶ και and; even
ὅτι οτι since; that
τέθνηκεν θνησκω die; departed
Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
καὶ και and; even
οἱ ο the
υἱοὶ υιος son
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
καὶ και and; even
καταλείπουσιν καταλειπω leave behind; remain
τὰς ο the
πόλεις πολις city
αὐτῶν αυτος he; him
καὶ και and; even
φεύγουσιν φευγω flee
καὶ και and; even
ἔρχονται ερχομαι come; go
οἱ ο the
ἀλλόφυλοι αλλοφυλος foreigner
καὶ και and; even
κατοικοῦσιν κατοικεω settle
ἐν εν in
αὐταῖς αυτος he; him
31:7
וַ wa וְ and
יִּרְא֣וּ yyirʔˈû ראה see
אַנְשֵֽׁי־ ʔanšˈê- אִישׁ man
יִ֠שְׂרָאֵל yiśrāʔˌēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
אֲשֶׁר־ ʔᵃšer- אֲשֶׁר [relative]
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
עֵ֨בֶר ʕˌēver עֵבֶר opposite
הָ הַ the
עֵ֜מֶק ʕˈēmeq עֵמֶק valley
וַ wa וְ and
אֲשֶׁ֣ר׀ ʔᵃšˈer אֲשֶׁר [relative]
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
עֵ֣בֶר ʕˈēver עֵבֶר opposite
הַ ha הַ the
יַּרְדֵּ֗ן yyardˈēn יַרְדֵּן Jordan
כִּֽי־ kˈî- כִּי that
נָ֨סוּ֙ nˈāsû נוס flee
אַנְשֵׁ֣י ʔanšˈê אִישׁ man
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל yiśrāʔˈēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
וְ wᵊ וְ and
כִי־ ḵî- כִּי that
מֵ֖תוּ mˌēṯû מות die
שָׁא֣וּל šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul
וּ û וְ and
בָנָ֑יו vānˈāʸw בֵּן son
וַ wa וְ and
יַּעַזְב֤וּ yyaʕazᵊvˈû עזב leave
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
הֶֽ hˈe הַ the
עָרִים֙ ʕārîm עִיר town
וַ wa וְ and
יָּנֻ֔סוּ yyānˈusû נוס flee
וַ wa וְ and
יָּבֹ֣אוּ yyāvˈōʔû בוא come
פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים fᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
וַ wa וְ and
יֵּֽשְׁב֖וּ yyˈēšᵊvˌû ישׁב sit
בָּהֶֽן׃ ס bāhˈen . s בְּ in
31:7. videntes autem viri Israhel qui erant trans vallem et trans Iordanem quod fugissent viri israhelitae et quod mortuus esset Saul et filii eius reliquerunt civitates suas et fugerunt veneruntque Philisthim et habitaverunt ibi
And the men of Israel, that were beyond the valley, and beyond the Jordan, seeing that the Israelites were fled, and that Saul was dead, and his sons, forsook their cities, and fled: and the Philistines came and dwelt there.
31:7. Then, seeing that the men of the Israelites had fled, and that Saul had died with his sons, the men of Israel who were across the valley or beyond the Jordan abandoned their cities, and they fled. And the Philistines went and lived there.
31:7. And when the men of Israel that [were] on the other side of the valley, and [they] that [were] on the other side Jordan, saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities, and fled; and the Philistines came and dwelt in them.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jg▾ gnv▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
7: На стороне долины Ездрилонской.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
31:7: The men of Israel that were on the other side of the valley - They appear to have been panic-struck, and therefore fled as far as they could out of the reach of the Philistines. As the Philistines possessed Beth-shan, situated near to Jordan, the people on the other side of that river, fearing for their safety, fled also.
1 Kings (1 Samuel) 31:8
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
31:7: The men on the other side of the valley - This must mean to the north of the plain of Jezreel, and would comprise the tribe of Naphtali, and Zabulon, and probably Issachar. But the text of Ch1 10:7 has "that were in the valley," limiting the statement to the inhabitants of the plain of Jezreel.
On the other side Jordan - This phrase most commonly means on the east of Jordan, the speaker being supposed to be on the west side. But it is also used of the west of Jordan, as here, if the text be sound.
The Philistines ... dwelt in them - One of the principal cities, Beth-shan, fell into their power at once Sa1 31:10.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:7: they forsook the cities: Sa1 13:6; Lev 26:32, Lev 26:36; Deu 28:33; Jdg 6:2
Geneva 1599
And when the men of Israel that [were] on the other side of the (b) valley, and [they] that [were] on the other side (c) Jordan, saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead, they forsook the cities, and fled; and the Philistines came and dwelt in them.
(b) Near to Gilboa.
(c) The tribes of Reuben and Gad, and half the tribe of Manasseh.
John Gill
And which the men of Israel that were on the other side of the valley,.... The valley of Jezreel; of which See Gill on Hos 1:5,
and they that were on the other side Jordan; or rather "on that side"; for the phrase will bear to be rendered either way, and so may mean that side of Jordan on which the battle was fought; for as for the other side, or that beyond it, the Israelites there could not be in such fear of the Philistines, nor do we ever read of their inhabiting any cities there; though as the phrase is used of the valley, as well as of the river, it may be rendered "about the valley, and about Jordan" (g), and so describes such that dwelt near to each of them:
saw that the men of Israel fled, and that Saul and his sons were dead; that is, had information and intelligence of those facts, for it is not to be supposed they saw them with their eyes:
they forsook, the cities, and fled; fearing they should be put to the sword, or carried captive:
and the Philistines came and dwelt them; having nothing more to do than to come and take possession.
(g) "circa convellem illiam--circa Jordanem", Junius & Tremellius, Picator; so Noldius, p. 295. No. 936.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
the men of Israel that were on the other side of the valley--probably the valley of Jezreel--the largest and southernmost of the valleys that run between Little Hermon and the ridges of the Gilboa range direct into the Jordan valley. It was very natural for the people in the towns and villages there to take fright and flee, for had they waited the arrival of the victors, they must, according to the war usages of the time, have been deprived either of their liberty or their lives.
31:831:8: Եւ եղեւ ՚ի վաղիւ անդր եկին այլազգիքն մերկացուցանե՛լ զդիակունսն. եւ գտին զՍաւուղ եւ զերի՛ս որդիս նորա անկեալս ՚ի լերին Գեղբուայ.
8 Հետեւեալ օրը այլազգիները եկան դիակները կողոպտելու: Նրանք գտան Գեղբուա լերան վրայ ընկած Սաւուղին ու նրա երեք որդիներին:
8 Հետեւեալ օրը Փղշտացիները եկան, որ մեռելները մերկացնեն ու Սաւուղը եւ անոր երեք որդիները Գեղբուէ լերան վրայ ինկած գտան։
Եւ եղեւ ի վաղիւ անդր եկին այլազգիքն մերկացուցանել զդիակունսն. եւ գտին զՍաւուղ եւ զերիս որդիս նորա անկեալս ի լերինն Գեղբուայ:

31:8: Եւ եղեւ ՚ի վաղիւ անդր եկին այլազգիքն մերկացուցանե՛լ զդիակունսն. եւ գտին զՍաւուղ եւ զերի՛ս որդիս նորա անկեալս ՚ի լերին Գեղբուայ.
8 Հետեւեալ օրը այլազգիները եկան դիակները կողոպտելու: Նրանք գտան Գեղբուա լերան վրայ ընկած Սաւուղին ու նրա երեք որդիներին:
8 Հետեւեալ օրը Փղշտացիները եկան, որ մեռելները մերկացնեն ու Սաւուղը եւ անոր երեք որդիները Գեղբուէ լերան վրայ ինկած գտան։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
31:831:8 На другой день Филистимляне пришли грабить убитых, и нашли Саула и трех сыновей его, павших на горе Гелвуйской.
31:8 καὶ και and; even ἐγενήθη γινομαι happen; become τῇ ο the ἐπαύριον επαυριον tomorrow; next day καὶ και and; even ἔρχονται ερχομαι come; go οἱ ο the ἀλλόφυλοι αλλοφυλος foreigner ἐκδιδύσκειν εκδυω disrobe; take off τοὺς ο the νεκροὺς νεκρος dead καὶ και and; even εὑρίσκουσιν ευρισκω find τὸν ο the Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul καὶ και and; even τοὺς ο the τρεῖς τρεις three υἱοὺς υιος son αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him πεπτωκότας πιπτω fall ἐπὶ επι in; on τὰ ο the ὄρη ορος mountain; mount Γελβουε γελβουε Gelboue; Yelvue
31:8 וַֽ wˈa וְ and יְהִי֙ yᵊhˌî היה be מִֽ mˈi מִן from מָּחֳרָ֔ת mmoḥᵒrˈāṯ מָחֳרָת next day וַ wa וְ and יָּבֹ֣אוּ yyāvˈōʔû בוא come פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים fᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine לְ lᵊ לְ to פַשֵּׁ֖ט faššˌēṭ פשׁט strip off אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] הַ ha הַ the חֲלָלִ֑ים ḥᵃlālˈîm חָלָל pierced וַֽ wˈa וְ and יִּמְצְא֤וּ yyimṣᵊʔˈû מצא find אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] שָׁאוּל֙ šāʔûl שָׁאוּל Saul וְ wᵊ וְ and אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת šᵊlˈōšeṯ שָׁלֹשׁ three בָּנָ֔יו bānˈāʸw בֵּן son נֹפְלִ֖ים nōfᵊlˌîm נפל fall בְּ bᵊ בְּ in הַ֥ר hˌar הַר mountain הַ ha הַ the גִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃ ggilbˈōₐʕ גִּלְבֹּעַ Gilboa
31:8. facta autem die altera venerunt Philisthim ut spoliarent interfectos et invenerunt Saul et tres filios eius iacentes in monte GelboeAnd on the morrow the Philistines came to strip the slain, and they found Saul and his three sons lying in mount Gelboe.
8. And it came to pass on the morrow, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, that they found Saul and his three sons fallen in mount Gilboa.
31:8. Then, when the next day arrived, the Philistines came, so that they might despoil the slain. And they found Saul and his three sons lying on mount Gilboa.
31:8. And it came to pass on the morrow, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, that they found Saul and his three sons fallen in mount Gilboa.
And it came to pass on the morrow, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, that they found Saul and his three sons fallen in mount Gilboa:

31:8 На другой день Филистимляне пришли грабить убитых, и нашли Саула и трех сыновей его, павших на горе Гелвуйской.
31:8
καὶ και and; even
ἐγενήθη γινομαι happen; become
τῇ ο the
ἐπαύριον επαυριον tomorrow; next day
καὶ και and; even
ἔρχονται ερχομαι come; go
οἱ ο the
ἀλλόφυλοι αλλοφυλος foreigner
ἐκδιδύσκειν εκδυω disrobe; take off
τοὺς ο the
νεκροὺς νεκρος dead
καὶ και and; even
εὑρίσκουσιν ευρισκω find
τὸν ο the
Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
καὶ και and; even
τοὺς ο the
τρεῖς τρεις three
υἱοὺς υιος son
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
πεπτωκότας πιπτω fall
ἐπὶ επι in; on
τὰ ο the
ὄρη ορος mountain; mount
Γελβουε γελβουε Gelboue; Yelvue
31:8
וַֽ wˈa וְ and
יְהִי֙ yᵊhˌî היה be
מִֽ mˈi מִן from
מָּחֳרָ֔ת mmoḥᵒrˈāṯ מָחֳרָת next day
וַ wa וְ and
יָּבֹ֣אוּ yyāvˈōʔû בוא come
פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים fᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
לְ lᵊ לְ to
פַשֵּׁ֖ט faššˌēṭ פשׁט strip off
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
הַ ha הַ the
חֲלָלִ֑ים ḥᵃlālˈîm חָלָל pierced
וַֽ wˈa וְ and
יִּמְצְא֤וּ yyimṣᵊʔˈû מצא find
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
שָׁאוּל֙ šāʔûl שָׁאוּל Saul
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת šᵊlˈōšeṯ שָׁלֹשׁ three
בָּנָ֔יו bānˈāʸw בֵּן son
נֹפְלִ֖ים nōfᵊlˌîm נפל fall
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
הַ֥ר hˌar הַר mountain
הַ ha הַ the
גִּלְבֹּֽעַ׃ ggilbˈōₐʕ גִּלְבֹּעַ Gilboa
31:8. facta autem die altera venerunt Philisthim ut spoliarent interfectos et invenerunt Saul et tres filios eius iacentes in monte Gelboe
And on the morrow the Philistines came to strip the slain, and they found Saul and his three sons lying in mount Gelboe.
31:8. Then, when the next day arrived, the Philistines came, so that they might despoil the slain. And they found Saul and his three sons lying on mount Gilboa.
31:8. And it came to pass on the morrow, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, that they found Saul and his three sons fallen in mount Gilboa.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jw▾ jg▾ kad▾ tr▾ ac▾ mh▾ all ▾
Matthew Henry: Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible - 1706
The Disposal of Saul's Body. B. C. 1055.

8 And it came to pass on the morrow, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, that they found Saul and his three sons fallen in mount Gilboa. 9 And they cut off his head, and stripped off his armour, and sent into the land of the Philistines round about, to publish it in the house of their idols, and among the people. 10 And they put his armour in the house of Ashtaroth: and they fastened his body to the wall of Beth-shan. 11 And when the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead heard of that which the Philistines had done to Saul; 12 All the valiant men arose, and went all night, and took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Beth-shan, and came to Jabesh, and burnt them there. 13 And they took their bones, and buried them under a tree at Jabesh, and fasted seven days.
The scripture makes no mention of the souls of Saul and his sons, what became of them after they were dead (secret things belong not to us), but of their bodies only.
I. How they were basely abused by the Philistines. The day after the battle, when they had recovered their fatigue, they came to strip the slain, and, among the rest, found the bodies of Saul and his three sons, v. 8. Saul's armour-bearer perhaps intended to honour his master by following the example of his self-murder, and to show thereby how well he loved him; but, if he had consulted his reason more than his passions, he would have spared that foolish compliment, not only in justice to his own life, but in kindness to his master, to whom, by the opportunity of survivorship, he might have done all the service that could be done him by any man after he was dead; for he might, in the night, have conveyed away his body, and those of his sons, and buried them decently. But such false and foolish notions these vain men have (though they would be wise) of giving and receiving honour. Nay, it should seem, Saul might have saved himself the fatal thrust and have made his escape: for the pursuers (in fear of whom he slew himself) came not to the place where he was till the next day. But whom God will destroy he infatuates and utterly consumes with his terrors. See Job xviii. 5, &c. Finding Saul's body (which now that it lay extended on the bloody turf was distinguishable from the rest by its length, as it was, while erect, by its height, when he proudly overlooked the surrounding crowd), they will, in that, triumph over Israel's crown, and meanly gratify a barbarous and brutish revenge by insulting the deserted corpse, which, when alive, they had stood in awe of. 1. They cut off his head. Had they designed in this to revenge the cutting off of Goliath's head they would rather have cut off the head of David, who did that execution, when he was in their country. They intended it, in general, for a reproach to Israel, who promised themselves that a crowned and an anointed head would save them from the Philistines, and a particular reproach to Saul, who was taller by the head than other men (which perhaps he was wont to boast of), but was now shorter by the head. 2. They stripped him of his armour (v. 9), and sent that to be set up as a trophy of their victory, in the house of Ashtaroth their goddess (v. 10); and we are told, 1 Chron. x. 10 (though it is omitted here), that they fastened his head in the temple of Dagon. Thus did they ascribe the honour of their victory, not as they ought to have done to the real justice of the true God, but to the imaginary power of their false gods, and by this respect paid to pretended deities shame those who give not the praise of their achievements to the living God. Ashtaroth, the idol that Israel had many a time gone a whoring after, now triumphs over them. 3. They sent expresses throughout their country, and ordered public notice to be given in the houses of their gods of the victory they had obtained (v. 9), that public rejoicings might be made and thanks given to their gods. This David regretted sorely, 2 Sam. i. 20. Tell it not in Gath. 4. They fastened his body and the bodies of his sons (as appears, v. 12) to the wall of Beth-shan, a city that lay not far from Gilboa and very near to the river Jordan. Hither the dead bodies were dragged and here hung up in chains, to be devoured by the birds of prey. Saul slew himself to avoid being abused by the Philistines, and never was royal corpse so abused as his was, perhaps the more if they understood that he slew himself for that reason. He that thinks to save his honour by sin will certainly lose it. See to what a height of insolence the Philistines had arrived just before David was raised up, who perfectly subdued them. Now that they had slain Saul and his sons they thought the land of Israel was their own for ever, but they soon found themselves deceived. When God has accomplished his whole work by them he will accomplish it upon them. See Isa. x. 6, 7.
II. How they were bravely rescued by the men of Jabesh-Gilead. Little more than the river Jordan lay between Beth-shan and Jabesh-Gilead, and Jordan was in that place passable by its fords; a bold adventure was therefore made by the valiant men of that city, who in the night passed the river, took down the dead bodies, and gave them decent burial, v. 11, 13. This they did, 1. Out of a common concern for the honour of Israel, or the land of Israel, which ought not to be defiled by the exposing of any dead bodies, and especially of the crown of Israel, which was thus profaned by the uncircumcised. 2. Out of a particular sense of gratitude to Saul, for his zeal and forwardness to rescue them from the Ammonites when he first came to the throne, ch. xi. It is an evidence of a generous spirit and an encouragement to beneficence when the remembrance of kindnesses is thus retained, and they are thus returned in an extremity. The men of Jabesh-Gilead would have done Saul better service if they had sent their valiant men to him sooner, to strengthen him against the Philistines. But his day had come to fall, and now this is all the service they can do him, in honour to his memory. We find not that any general mourning was made for the death of Saul, as was for the death of Samuel (ch. xxv. 1), only those Gileadites of Jabesh did him honour at his death; for, (1.) They made a burning for the bodies, to perfume them. So some understand the burning of them. They burnt spices over them, v. 12. And that it was usual thus to do honour to their deceased friends, at least their princes, appears by the account of Asa's funeral (2 Chron. xvi. 14), that they made a very great burning for him. Or (as some think) they burnt the flesh, because it began to putrefy. (2.) They buried the bodies, when, by burning over them, they had sweetened them (or, if they burnt them, they buried the bones and ashes), under a tree, which served for a grave-stone and monument. And, (3.) They fasted seven days, that is, each day of the seven they fasted till the evening; thus they lamented the death of Saul and the present distracted state of Israel, and perhaps joined prayers with their fasting for the re-establishment of their shattered state. Though, when the wicked perish there is shouting (that is, it is to be hoped a better state of things will ensue, which will be matter of joy), yet humanity obliges us to show a decent respect to dead bodies, especially those of princes.
This book began with the birth of Samuel, but now it ends with the burial of Saul, the comparing of which two together will teach us to prefer the honour that comes from God before any of the honours which this world pretends to have the disposal of.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
31:8: On the morrow - It is very likely that the battle and pursuit continued till the night, so that there was no time till the next day to strip and plunder the slain.
1 Kings (1 Samuel) 31:9
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:8: to strip: Ch1 10:8; Ch2 20:25
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

On the day following the battle, when the Philistines tripped the slain, they found Saul and his three sons lying upon Gilboa; and having cut off their heads and plundered their weapons, they went them (the heads and weapons) as trophies into the land of the Philistines, i.e., round about to the different towns and hamlets of their land, to announce the joyful news in their idol-temples (the writer of the Chronicles mentions the idols themselves) and to the people, and then deposited their weapons (the weapons of Saul and his sons) in the Astarte-houses. But the corpses they fastened to the town-wall of Beth-shean, i.e., Beisan, in the valley of the Jordan (see at Josh 17:11). Beth-azabbim and Beth-ashtaroth are composite words; the first part is indeclinable, and the plural form is expressed by the second word: idol-houses and Astarte-houses, like beth-aboth (father's-houses: see at Ex 6:14). On the Astartes, see at Judg 2:13. It is not expressly stated indeed in 1Kings 31:9, 1Kings 31:10, that the Philistines plundered the bodies of Saul's sons as well, and mutilated them by cutting off their heads; but ראשׁו and כּליו, his (i.e., Saul's) head and his weapons, alone are mentioned. At the same time, it is every evident from 1Kings 31:12, where the Jabeshites are said to have taken down from the wall of Beth-shean not Saul's body only, but the bodies of his sons also, that the Philistines had treated the corpses of Saul's sons in just the same manner as that of Saul himself. The writer speaks distinctly of the abuse of Saul's body only, because it was his death that he had chiefly in mind at the time. To the word וישׁלּחוּ we must supply in thought the object ראשׁו and כּליו from the preceding clause. גּויּת and גּויּת (1Kings 31:10 and 1Kings 31:12) are the corpses without the heads. The fact that the Philistines nailed them to the town-wall of Beth-shean presupposes the capture of that city, from which it is evident that they had occupied the land as far as the Jordan. The definite word Beth-ashtaroth is changed by the writer of the Chronicles into Beth-elohim, temples of the gods; or rather he has interpreted it in this manner without altering the sense, as the Astartes are merely mentioned as the principal deities for the idols generally. The writer of the Chronicles has also omitted to mention the nailing of the corpses to the wall of Beth-shean, but he states instead that "they fastened his skull in the temple of Dagon," a fact which is passed over in the account before us. From this we may see how both writers have restricted themselves to the principal points, or those which appeared to them of the greatest importance (vid., Bertheau on 1Chron 10:10).
John Gill
And it came to pass on the morrow,.... The day after the battle, which perhaps was fought till night came on:
when the Philistines came to strip the slain; of their clothes, and take from them whatever was valuable, as their booty:
that they found Saul and his sons fallen in Mount Gilboa; to which they had betaken themselves, when the battle went against them in the valley; of which see 1Kings 28:4.
John Wesley
Saul and his three sons - "The scripture, as Mr. Henry well observes, makes no mention of the souls of Saul and his sons, what became of them after they were dead: secret things belong not to us."
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
THE PHILISTINES TRIUMPH OVER THEIR DEAD BODIES. (1Kings 31:8-10)
on the morrow, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, that they found Saul and his three sons fallen--On discovering the corpses of the slaughtered princes on the battlefield, the enemy reserved them for special indignities. They consecrated the armor of the king and his sons to the temple of Ashtaroth fastened their bodies on the temple of Shen, while they fixed the royal heads ignominiously in the temple of Dagon (1Chron 10:10); thus dividing the glory among their several deities.
31:931:9: դարձուցին զնա, եւ մերկացուցին զհանդերձ նորա, եւ հատին զգլուխ նորա. եւ առաքեցին յերկիրն այլազգեաց շուրջանակի աւետաւորս ՚ի կուռս իւրեանց՝ եւ ՚ի ժողովուրդն։
9 Նրան շուռ տուեցին, վերցրին զէնքերը եւ կտրեցին գլուխը: Նրանք աւետաբերներ ուղարկեցին այլազգիների երկրի չորս կողմը՝ յայտնելու այս մասին իրենց կռատներին ու ժողովրդին:
9 Այն ատեն անոր գլուխը կտրեցին ու անոր վրայի զէնքերը հանեցին եւ Փղշտացիներու երկրին չորս կողմը իրենց կռատուններուն ու ժողովուրդին՝ այս բաներուն աւետիսը տալու համար մարդ ղրկեցին,
[540]Դարձուցին զնա, եւ մերկացուցին զհանդերձ նորա. եւ հատին զգլուխ`` նորա. եւ առաքեցին յերկիրն այլազգեաց շուրջանակի աւետաւորս ի կուռս իւրեանց եւ ի ժողովուրդն:

31:9: դարձուցին զնա, եւ մերկացուցին զհանդերձ նորա, եւ հատին զգլուխ նորա. եւ առաքեցին յերկիրն այլազգեաց շուրջանակի աւետաւորս ՚ի կուռս իւրեանց՝ եւ ՚ի ժողովուրդն։
9 Նրան շուռ տուեցին, վերցրին զէնքերը եւ կտրեցին գլուխը: Նրանք աւետաբերներ ուղարկեցին այլազգիների երկրի չորս կողմը՝ յայտնելու այս մասին իրենց կռատներին ու ժողովրդին:
9 Այն ատեն անոր գլուխը կտրեցին ու անոր վրայի զէնքերը հանեցին եւ Փղշտացիներու երկրին չորս կողմը իրենց կռատուններուն ու ժողովուրդին՝ այս բաներուն աւետիսը տալու համար մարդ ղրկեցին,
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
31:931:9 И [поворотили его и] отсекли ему голову, и сняли с него оружие и послали по всей земле Филистимской, чтобы возвестить о сем в капищах идолов своих и народу;
31:9 καὶ και and; even ἀποστρέφουσιν αποστρεφω turn away; alienate αὐτὸν αυτος he; him καὶ και and; even ἐξέδυσαν εκδυω disrobe; take off τὰ ο the σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him καὶ και and; even ἀποστέλλουσιν αποστελλω send off / away αὐτὰ αυτος he; him εἰς εις into; for γῆν γη earth; land ἀλλοφύλων αλλοφυλος foreigner κύκλῳ κυκλω circling; in a circle εὐαγγελίζοντες ευαγγελιζω deliver the good message / gospel; preach τοῖς ο the εἰδώλοις ειδωλον idol αὐτῶν αυτος he; him καὶ και and; even τῷ ο the λαῷ λαος populace; population αὐτῶν αυτος he; him
31:9 וַֽ wˈa וְ and יִּכְרְתוּ֙ yyiḵrᵊṯˌû כרת cut אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] רֹאשֹׁ֔ו rōšˈô רֹאשׁ head וַ wa וְ and יַּפְשִׁ֖יטוּ yyafšˌîṭû פשׁט strip off אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] כֵּלָ֑יו kēlˈāʸw כְּלִי tool וַ wa וְ and יְשַׁלְּח֨וּ yᵊšallᵊḥˌû שׁלח send בְ vᵊ בְּ in אֶֽרֶץ־ ʔˈereṣ- אֶרֶץ earth פְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים pᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine סָבִ֗יב sāvˈîv סָבִיב surrounding לְ lᵊ לְ to בַשֵּׂ֛ר vaśśˈēr בשׂר announce בֵּ֥ית bˌêṯ בַּיִת house עֲצַבֵּיהֶ֖ם ʕᵃṣabbêhˌem עָצָב image וְ wᵊ וְ and אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] הָ hā הַ the עָֽם׃ ʕˈām עַם people
31:9. et praeciderunt caput Saul et expoliaverunt eum armis et miserunt in terram Philisthinorum per circuitum ut adnuntiaretur in templo idolorum et in populisAnd they cut off Saul's head, and stripped him of his armour, and sent into the land of the Philistines round about, to publish it in the temples of their idols and among their people.
9. And they cut off his head, and stripped off his armour, and sent into the land of the Philistines round about, to carry the tidings unto the house of their idols, and to the people.
31:9. And they cut off the head of Saul. And they despoiled him of the armor, and they sent it into the land of the Philistines all around, so that it might be announced in the temples of the idols and among their people.
31:9. And they cut off his head, and stripped off his armour, and sent into the land of the Philistines round about, to publish [it in] the house of their idols, and among the people.
And they cut off his head, and stripped off his armour, and sent into the land of the Philistines round about, to publish [it in] the house of their idols, and among the people:

31:9 И [поворотили его и] отсекли ему голову, и сняли с него оружие и послали по всей земле Филистимской, чтобы возвестить о сем в капищах идолов своих и народу;
31:9
καὶ και and; even
ἀποστρέφουσιν αποστρεφω turn away; alienate
αὐτὸν αυτος he; him
καὶ και and; even
ἐξέδυσαν εκδυω disrobe; take off
τὰ ο the
σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
καὶ και and; even
ἀποστέλλουσιν αποστελλω send off / away
αὐτὰ αυτος he; him
εἰς εις into; for
γῆν γη earth; land
ἀλλοφύλων αλλοφυλος foreigner
κύκλῳ κυκλω circling; in a circle
εὐαγγελίζοντες ευαγγελιζω deliver the good message / gospel; preach
τοῖς ο the
εἰδώλοις ειδωλον idol
αὐτῶν αυτος he; him
καὶ και and; even
τῷ ο the
λαῷ λαος populace; population
αὐτῶν αυτος he; him
31:9
וַֽ wˈa וְ and
יִּכְרְתוּ֙ yyiḵrᵊṯˌû כרת cut
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
רֹאשֹׁ֔ו rōšˈô רֹאשׁ head
וַ wa וְ and
יַּפְשִׁ֖יטוּ yyafšˌîṭû פשׁט strip off
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
כֵּלָ֑יו kēlˈāʸw כְּלִי tool
וַ wa וְ and
יְשַׁלְּח֨וּ yᵊšallᵊḥˌû שׁלח send
בְ vᵊ בְּ in
אֶֽרֶץ־ ʔˈereṣ- אֶרֶץ earth
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים pᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
סָבִ֗יב sāvˈîv סָבִיב surrounding
לְ lᵊ לְ to
בַשֵּׂ֛ר vaśśˈēr בשׂר announce
בֵּ֥ית bˌêṯ בַּיִת house
עֲצַבֵּיהֶ֖ם ʕᵃṣabbêhˌem עָצָב image
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
הָ הַ the
עָֽם׃ ʕˈām עַם people
31:9. et praeciderunt caput Saul et expoliaverunt eum armis et miserunt in terram Philisthinorum per circuitum ut adnuntiaretur in templo idolorum et in populis
And they cut off Saul's head, and stripped him of his armour, and sent into the land of the Philistines round about, to publish it in the temples of their idols and among their people.
31:9. And they cut off the head of Saul. And they despoiled him of the armor, and they sent it into the land of the Philistines all around, so that it might be announced in the temples of the idols and among their people.
31:9. And they cut off his head, and stripped off his armour, and sent into the land of the Philistines round about, to publish [it in] the house of their idols, and among the people.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jw▾ jg▾ gnv▾ tr▾ ac▾ all ▾
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
31:9: And they cut off his head - It is possible that they cut off the heads of his three sons likewise; for although only his head is said to be cut off, and his body only to be fastened to the walls of Beth-shan, yet we find that the men of Jabesh-gilead found both his body and the bodies of his three sons, fastened to the walls, Sa1 31:12.
Perhaps they only took off Saul's head, which they sent about to their temples as a trophy of their victory, when they sent the news of the defeat of the Israelites through all their coasts, and at last placed it in the temple of Dagon, Ch1 10:10.
1 Kings (1 Samuel) 31:10
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:9: cut off: Sa1 31:4, Sa1 17:51, Sa1 17:54; Ch1 10:9, Ch1 10:10
to publish: Jdg 16:23, Jdg 16:24; Sa2 1:20
Geneva 1599
And they cut off his head, and stripped off his armour, and sent into the land of the Philistines round about, to (d) publish [it in] the house of their idols, and among the people.
(d) In token of victory and triumph.
John Gill
And they cut off his head,.... And fastened it in the temple of Dagon, 1Chron 10:10; perhaps that which was at Ashdod, one of the principalities of the Philistines, 1Kings 5:1,
and stripped off his armour; or vessels (h), his clothes as well as his armour, and what he had about him; as for his crown on his head, and the bracelet on his arm, the Amalekite took them before the Philistines came, 2Kings 1:10,
and sent into the land of the Philistines round about: not his head and his armour, for they were placed in the temple of their idols; unless we can suppose these were first carried about for show, and as proofs of the victory: but rather messengers, who were sent express with the news:
to publish it in the house of their idols, and among the people; that so they might be glad and rejoice, and give praise to their idols, to whom they ascribed the success they had.
(h) "vasa ejus", Munster, Montanus.
John Wesley
Cut off his head - As the Israelites did by Goliath, and fastened it in the temple of Dagon, 1Chron 10:10. Idols - To give them the glory of this victory. And by this respect shewn to their pretended deities, how do they shame those, who give not the honour of their achievements to the living God?
31:1031:10: Եւ եդին զկարասին նորա յԱստարտիոնն, եւ զմարմինս նոցա կախեցին զպարսպէն Բեթսանայ[3152]։ [3152] Ոմանք. Եւ եդին... յԱստարովնն։
10 Սաւուղի զէնքերը դրեցին Աստարտիոնի տանը եւ սպանուածների մարմինները կախեցին Բեթսանի պարսպից:
10 Անոր զէնքերը Աստարովթի տունը դրին ու անոր մարմինը Բեթսանի պարիսպէն կախեցին։
Եւ եդին զկարասին նորա յԱստարտիոնն, եւ [541]զմարմինս նոցա`` կախեցին զպարսպէն Բեթսանայ:

31:10: Եւ եդին զկարասին նորա յԱստարտիոնն, եւ զմարմինս նոցա կախեցին զպարսպէն Բեթսանայ[3152]։
[3152] Ոմանք. Եւ եդին... յԱստարովնն։
10 Սաւուղի զէնքերը դրեցին Աստարտիոնի տանը եւ սպանուածների մարմինները կախեցին Բեթսանի պարսպից:
10 Անոր զէնքերը Աստարովթի տունը դրին ու անոր մարմինը Բեթսանի պարիսպէն կախեցին։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
31:1031:10 и положили оружие его в капище Астарты, а тело его повесили на стене Беф-Сана.
31:10 καὶ και and; even ἀνέθηκαν ανατιθημι relate τὰ ο the σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him εἰς εις into; for τὸ ο the Ἀσταρτεῖον ασταρτειον and; even τὸ ο the σῶμα σωμα body αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him κατέπηξαν καταπηγνυμι in τῷ ο the τείχει τειχος wall Βαιθσαν βαιθσαν Baithsan; Vethsan
31:10 וַ wa וְ and יָּשִׂ֨מוּ֙ yyāśˈimû שׂים put אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] כֵּלָ֔יו kēlˈāʸw כְּלִי tool בֵּ֖ית bˌêṯ בַּיִת house עַשְׁתָּרֹ֑ות ʕaštārˈôṯ עַשְׁתֹּרֶת idol וְ wᵊ וְ and אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] גְּוִיָּתֹו֙ gᵊwiyyāṯˌô גְּוִיָּה body תָּקְע֔וּ tāqᵊʕˈû תקע blow בְּ bᵊ בְּ in חֹומַ֖ת ḥômˌaṯ חֹומָה wall בֵּ֥ית שָֽׁן׃ bˌêṯ šˈān בֵּית שְׁאָן Beth Shan
31:10. et posuerunt arma eius in templo Astharoth corpus vero eius suspenderunt in muro BethsanAnd they put his armour in the temple of Astaroth, but his body they hung on the wall of Bethsan.
10. And they put his armour in the house of the Ashtaroth: and they fastened his body to the wall of Beth-shan.
31:10. And they placed his armor in the temple of Ashtaroth. But his body they suspended on the wall of Bethshan.
31:10. And they put his armour in the house of Ashtaroth: and they fastened his body to the wall of Bethshan.
And they put his armour in the house of Ashtaroth: and they fastened his body to the wall of Beth- shan:

31:10 и положили оружие его в капище Астарты, а тело его повесили на стене Беф-Сана.
31:10
καὶ και and; even
ἀνέθηκαν ανατιθημι relate
τὰ ο the
σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
εἰς εις into; for
τὸ ο the
Ἀσταρτεῖον ασταρτειον and; even
τὸ ο the
σῶμα σωμα body
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
κατέπηξαν καταπηγνυμι in
τῷ ο the
τείχει τειχος wall
Βαιθσαν βαιθσαν Baithsan; Vethsan
31:10
וַ wa וְ and
יָּשִׂ֨מוּ֙ yyāśˈimû שׂים put
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
כֵּלָ֔יו kēlˈāʸw כְּלִי tool
בֵּ֖ית bˌêṯ בַּיִת house
עַשְׁתָּרֹ֑ות ʕaštārˈôṯ עַשְׁתֹּרֶת idol
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
גְּוִיָּתֹו֙ gᵊwiyyāṯˌô גְּוִיָּה body
תָּקְע֔וּ tāqᵊʕˈû תקע blow
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
חֹומַ֖ת ḥômˌaṯ חֹומָה wall
בֵּ֥ית שָֽׁן׃ bˌêṯ šˈān בֵּית שְׁאָן Beth Shan
31:10. et posuerunt arma eius in templo Astharoth corpus vero eius suspenderunt in muro Bethsan
And they put his armour in the temple of Astaroth, but his body they hung on the wall of Bethsan.
31:10. And they placed his armor in the temple of Ashtaroth. But his body they suspended on the wall of Bethshan.
31:10. And they put his armour in the house of Ashtaroth: and they fastened his body to the wall of Bethshan.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jg▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
10: Беф-Сан - на юго-восток от Изрееля, по направлению к реке Иордан.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
31:10: They put his armor in the house of Ashtaroth - As David had done in placing the sword of Goliath in the tabernacle. We have already seen that it was common for the conquerors to consecrate armor and spoils taken in war, to those who were the objects of religious worship.
They fastened his body to the wall - Probably by means of iron hooks; but it is said, Sa2 21:12, that these bodies were fastened in the Street of Beth-shan. This may mean that the place where they were fastened to the wall was the main street or entrance into the city.
1 Kings (1 Samuel) 31:11
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
31:10: In the house of Ashtaroth - This was doubtless the famous temple of Venus in Askelon mentioned by Herodotus as the most ancient of all her temples. Hence, the special mention of Askelon Sa2 1:20. The placing Saul's armour as a trophy in the temple of Ashtaroth was a counterpart to the placing Goliath's sword in the tabernacle Sa1 21:9. In Ch1 10:10 it is added that they "fastened Saul's head in the temple of Dagon," probably either in Gaza Jdg 16:21, or in Ashdod Sa1 5:1-3. This was, perhaps, in retaliation for the similar treatment of Goliath's head Sa1 17:54. The variations seem to imply that both this narrative and that in Ch1 10:1-14 are compiled from a common and a fuller document.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:10: they put: The Philistines placed the armour of Saul in the temple of Ashtaroth as a trophy of victory, and a testimony of their gratitude, in the same manner as David placed the sword of Goliath in the tabernacle. Sa1 21:9
Ashtaroth: Jdg 2:13
Bethshan: Jos 17:11; Jdg 1:27; Sa2 21:12-14
John Gill
And they put his armour in the house of Ashtaroth,.... A temple dedicated to their deities, called by this name; of which See Gill on Judg 2:13; Nothing was more common with the Gentiles than to place in their temples the arms they took from their enemies, as is strongly expressed by Homer (i) and Virgil (k); and indeed the Jews did the same, as appears by the sword of Goliath being laid up in the tabernacle, 1Kings 21:9. Here also the Heathens (l) hung up their own arms when the war was ended:
and they fastened his body to the wall of Bethshan; which Josephus (m) says is the same which in his time was called Scythopolis, from the Scythians that possessed it, before called Nysa, according to Pliny (n): it was given to the tribe of Manasseh, but they could not drive out the inhabitants of it, so that it was always in the possession of others, Josh 17:11; where it is called Bethshean; to the wall of the city they fastened the body of Saul with nails, as it is commonly understood; but it is more likely they hung it on a gibbet without, and near the walls of the city; so the Targum, they hung his body; or, as Josephus (o), they crucified it there; and so they did also the bodies of his sons, as appears from 1Kings 31:12.
(i) , Iliad. 7. ver. 83. (k) "Multaque praeterea sacris in postibus arma", &c. Aeneid. 7. ver. 183. So Persius, Satyr. 6. ver. 45. (l) Messal. Corvin. de August. Progen. (m) Ut supra, (Antiqu. l. 6. c. 14.) l. 8. (n) Nat. Hist. l. 5. c. 18. Vid. Solin. Polyhistor. c. 49. (o) Ut supra. (Antiqu. l. 6. c. 14. l. 8.)
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
to the wall-- (2Kings 21:12) --"the street" of Beth-shan. The street was called from the temple which stood in it. And they had to go along it to the wall of the city (see Josh 17:11).
31:1131:11: Եւ լուան զնոցանէն բնակիչք Յաբիսայ Գաղաադացւոց զոր ինչ արարին այլազգիքն ընդ Սաւուղ.
11 Երբ գաղաադացիների Յաբիս բնակավայրի բնակիչները լսեցին այն մասին, թէ ինչ էին արել այլազգիները Սաւուղին,
11 Գաղաադի Յաբիսի բնակիչները երբ լսեցին ինչ որ Փղշտացիները Սաւուղին ըրած էին,
Եւ լուան [542]զնոցանէն բնակիչք Յաբիսայ Գաղաադացւոց զոր ինչ արարին այլազգիքն ընդ Սաւուղ:

31:11: Եւ լուան զնոցանէն բնակիչք Յաբիսայ Գաղաադացւոց զոր ինչ արարին այլազգիքն ընդ Սաւուղ.
11 Երբ գաղաադացիների Յաբիս բնակավայրի բնակիչները լսեցին այն մասին, թէ ինչ էին արել այլազգիները Սաւուղին,
11 Գաղաադի Յաբիսի բնակիչները երբ լսեցին ինչ որ Փղշտացիները Սաւուղին ըրած էին,
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
31:1131:11 И услышали жители Иависа Галаадского о том, как поступили Филистимляне с Саулом,
31:11 καὶ και and; even ἀκούουσιν ακουω hear οἱ ο the κατοικοῦντες κατοικεω settle Ιαβις ιαβις the Γαλααδίτιδος γαλααδιτις who; what ἐποίησαν ποιεω do; make οἱ ο the ἀλλόφυλοι αλλοφυλος foreigner τῷ ο the Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
31:11 וַ wa וְ and יִּשְׁמְע֣וּ yyišmᵊʕˈû שׁמע hear אֵלָ֔יו ʔēlˈāʸw אֶל to יֹשְׁבֵ֖י yōšᵊvˌê ישׁב sit יָבֵ֣ישׁ yāvˈêš יָבֵישׁ Jabesh גִּלְעָ֑ד gilʕˈāḏ גִּלְעָד Gilead אֵ֛ת ʔˈēṯ אֵת [object marker] אֲשֶׁר־ ʔᵃšer- אֲשֶׁר [relative] עָשׂ֥וּ ʕāśˌû עשׂה make פְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים fᵊlištˌîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine לְ lᵊ לְ to שָׁאֽוּל׃ šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul
31:11. quod cum audissent habitatores Iabesgalaad quaecumque fecerant Philisthim SaulNow when the inhabitants of Jabes Galaad had heard all that the Philistines had done to Saul,
11. And when the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead heard concerning him that which the Philistines had done to Saul,
31:11. And when the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead had heard all that the Philistines had done to Saul,
31:11. And when the inhabitants of Jabeshgilead heard of that which the Philistines had done to Saul;
And when the inhabitants of Jabesh- gilead heard of that which the Philistines had done to Saul:

31:11 И услышали жители Иависа Галаадского о том, как поступили Филистимляне с Саулом,
31:11
καὶ και and; even
ἀκούουσιν ακουω hear
οἱ ο the
κατοικοῦντες κατοικεω settle
Ιαβις ιαβις the
Γαλααδίτιδος γαλααδιτις who; what
ἐποίησαν ποιεω do; make
οἱ ο the
ἀλλόφυλοι αλλοφυλος foreigner
τῷ ο the
Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
31:11
וַ wa וְ and
יִּשְׁמְע֣וּ yyišmᵊʕˈû שׁמע hear
אֵלָ֔יו ʔēlˈāʸw אֶל to
יֹשְׁבֵ֖י yōšᵊvˌê ישׁב sit
יָבֵ֣ישׁ yāvˈêš יָבֵישׁ Jabesh
גִּלְעָ֑ד gilʕˈāḏ גִּלְעָד Gilead
אֵ֛ת ʔˈēṯ אֵת [object marker]
אֲשֶׁר־ ʔᵃšer- אֲשֶׁר [relative]
עָשׂ֥וּ ʕāśˌû עשׂה make
פְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים fᵊlištˌîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
לְ lᵊ לְ to
שָׁאֽוּל׃ šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul
31:11. quod cum audissent habitatores Iabesgalaad quaecumque fecerant Philisthim Saul
Now when the inhabitants of Jabes Galaad had heard all that the Philistines had done to Saul,
31:11. And when the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead had heard all that the Philistines had done to Saul,
31:11. And when the inhabitants of Jabeshgilead heard of that which the Philistines had done to Saul;
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jg▾ gnv▾ kad▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
11: Иавис Галаадский - в средней части восточного заиорданья.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
31:11: When the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead heard - This act of the men of Jabesh-gilead was an act of gratitude due to Saul, who, at the very commencement of his reign, rescued them from Nahash, king of the Ammonites, (see Sa1 11:1, etc.), and by his timely succours saved them from the deepest degradation and the most oppressive tyranny. This heroic act, with the seven days' fast, showed that they retained a due sense of their obligation to this unfortunate monarch.
1 Kings (1 Samuel) 31:12
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
31:11: When the inhabitants of Jabesh-Gilead heard ... - See Sa1 11:1-15. This is a touching and rare example of national gratitude.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:11: Jabeshgilead: Sa1 11:1; Sa2 2:4
of that: or, concerning him
that which: etc
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

When the inhabitants of Jabesh in Gilead heard this, all the brave men of the town set out to Beth-shean, took down the bodies of Saul and his sons from the wall, brought them to Jabesh, and burned them there. "But their bones they buried under the tamarisk at Jabesh, and fasted seven days," to mourn for the king their former deliverer (see 1Kings 11:1-15). These statements are given in a very condensed form in the Chronicles (1Kings 31:11, 1Kings 31:12). Not only is the fact that "they went the whole night" omitted, as being of no essential importance to the general history; but the removal of the bodies from the town-wall is also passed over, because their being fastened there had not been mentioned, and also the burning of the bodies. The reason for the last omission is not to be sought for in the fact that the author of the Chronicles regarded burning as ignominious, according to Lev 20:14; Lev 21:9, but because he did not see how to reconcile the burning of the bodies with the burial of the bones. It was not the custom in Israel to burn the corpse, but to bury it in the ground. The former was restricted to the worst criminals (see at Lev 20:14). Consequently the Chaldee interpreted the word "burnt" as relating to the burning of spices, a custom which we meet with afterwards as a special honour shown to certain of the kings of Judah on the occasion of their burial (2Chron 16:14; 2Chron 21:19; Jer 34:5). But this is expressed by שׂרפה לו שׂרף, "to make a burning for him," whereas here it is stated distinctly that "they burnt them." The reason for the burning of the bodies in the case of Saul and his sons is to be sought for in the peculiarity of the circumstances; viz., partly in the fact that the bodies were mutilated by the removal of the heads, and therefore a regular burial of the dead was impossible, and partly in their anxiety lest, if the Philistines followed up their victory and came to Jabesh, they should desecrate the bodies still further. But even this was not a complete burning to ashes, but merely a burning of the skin and flesh; so that the bones still remained, and they were buried in the ground under a shady tree. Instead of "under the (well-known) tamarisk" (eshel), we have האלה תּחת (under the strong tree) in 1Chron 10:11. David afterwards had them fetched away and buried in Saul's family grave at Zela, in the land of Benjamin (2Kings 21:11.). The seven days' fast kept by the Jabeshites was a sign of public and general mourning on the part of the inhabitants of that town at the death of the king, who had once rescued them from the most abominable slavery.
In this ignominious fate of Saul there was manifested the righteous judgment of God in consequence of the hardening of his heart. But the love which the citizens of Jabesh displayed in their treatment of the corpses of Saul and his sons, had reference not to the king as rejected by God, but to the king as anointed with the Spirit of Jehovah, and was a practical condemnation, not of the divine judgment which had fallen upon Saul, but of the cruelty of the enemies of Israel and its anointed. For although Saul had waged war almost incessantly against the Philistines, it is not known that in any one of his victories he had ever been guilty of such cruelties towards the conquered and slaughtered foe as could justify this barbarous revenge on the part of the uncircumcised upon his lifeless corpse.
Geneva 1599
And when the inhabitants of (e) Jabeshgilead heard of that which the Philistines had done to Saul;
(e) Whom he had delivered from their enemies, (1Kings 11:11).
John Gill
And the inhabitants of Jabeshgilead,.... Who lived on the other side Jordan, about eight miles from Bethshan, according to Fuller (p):
heard of that which the Philistines had done to Saul; not only that they had got the victory over him, and routed his army, but had abused his body, and hung it up by way of reproach and ignominy; which they could not bear to hear of, remembering with gratitude the kindness he had shown to them, in delivering them out of the hands of Nahash the Ammonite, 1Kings 11:1.
(p) Pisgah-Sight of Palestine, b. 2. ch. 2. p. 82.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
THE MEN OF JABESH-GILEAD RECOVER THE BODIES AND BURY THEM AT JABESH. (1Kings 31:11-13)
the inhabitants of Jabesh-gilead heard of that which the Philistines had done--Mindful of the important and timely services Saul had rendered them, they gratefully and heroically resolved not to suffer such indignities to be inflicted on the remains of the royal family.
31:1231:12: եւ յարեան ամենայն այր զօրութեան, եւ գնացին զգիշերն ամենայն. եւ առին զմարմինն Սաւուղայ եւ զմարմինն Յովնաթանու որդւոյ նորա ՚ի պարսպէն Բեթսանայ, եւ բերին զնոսա Յաբիս. եւ այրեցին զնոսա անդ։
12 բոլոր զօրեղ մարդիկ վեր կացան, ամբողջ գիշեր գնացին, Բեթսանի պարսպից վերցրին Սաւուղի ու նրա որդի Յովնաթանի մարմինները, Յաբիս բերեցին դրանք եւ այնտեղ այրեցին:
12 Բոլոր կտրիճ մարդիկը ոտքի ելան ու բոլոր գիշերը գացին ու Բեթսանի պարիսպէն Սաւուղին մարմինը ու անոր որդիներուն մարմինները առին եւ Յաբիս դարձան ու հոն զանոնք այրեցին։
եւ յարեան ամենայն այր զօրութեան եւ գնացին զգիշերն ամենայն, եւ առին զմարմինն Սաւուղայ եւ զմարմինն Յովնաթանու որդւոյ նորա ի պարսպէն Բեթսանայ, եւ բերին զնոսա Յաբիս, եւ այրեցին զնոսա անդ:

31:12: եւ յարեան ամենայն այր զօրութեան, եւ գնացին զգիշերն ամենայն. եւ առին զմարմինն Սաւուղայ եւ զմարմինն Յովնաթանու որդւոյ նորա ՚ի պարսպէն Բեթսանայ, եւ բերին զնոսա Յաբիս. եւ այրեցին զնոսա անդ։
12 բոլոր զօրեղ մարդիկ վեր կացան, ամբողջ գիշեր գնացին, Բեթսանի պարսպից վերցրին Սաւուղի ու նրա որդի Յովնաթանի մարմինները, Յաբիս բերեցին դրանք եւ այնտեղ այրեցին:
12 Բոլոր կտրիճ մարդիկը ոտքի ելան ու բոլոր գիշերը գացին ու Բեթսանի պարիսպէն Սաւուղին մարմինը ու անոր որդիներուն մարմինները առին եւ Յաբիս դարձան ու հոն զանոնք այրեցին։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
31:1231:12 и поднялись все люди сильные, и шли всю ночь, и взяли тело Саула и тела сыновей его со стены Беф-Сана, и пришли в Иавис, и сожгли их там;
31:12 καὶ και and; even ἀνέστησαν ανιστημι stand up; resurrect πᾶς πας all; every ἀνὴρ ανηρ man; husband δυνάμεως δυναμις power; ability καὶ και and; even ἐπορεύθησαν πορευομαι travel; go ὅλην ολος whole; wholly τὴν ο the νύκτα νυξ night καὶ και and; even ἔλαβον λαμβανω take; get τὸ ο the σῶμα σωμα body Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul καὶ και and; even τὸ ο the σῶμα σωμα body Ιωναθαν ιωναθαν the υἱοῦ υιος son αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him ἀπὸ απο from; away τείχους τειχος wall Βαιθσαν βαιθσαν and; even φέρουσιν φερω carry; bring αὐτοὺς αυτος he; him εἰς εις into; for Ιαβις ιαβις and; even κατακαίουσιν κατακαιω burn up αὐτοὺς αυτος he; him ἐκεῖ εκει there
31:12 וַ wa וְ and יָּק֜וּמוּ yyāqˈûmû קום arise כָּל־ kol- כֹּל whole אִ֣ישׁ ʔˈîš אִישׁ man חַיִל֮ ḥayil חַיִל power וַ wa וְ and יֵּלְכ֣וּ yyēlᵊḵˈû הלך walk כָל־ ḵol- כֹּל whole הַ ha הַ the לַּיְלָה֒ llaylˌā לַיְלָה night וַ wa וְ and יִּקְח֞וּ yyiqḥˈû לקח take אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] גְּוִיַּ֣ת gᵊwiyyˈaṯ גְּוִיָּה body שָׁא֗וּל šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul וְ wᵊ וְ and אֵת֙ ʔˌēṯ אֵת [object marker] גְּוִיֹּ֣ת gᵊwiyyˈōṯ גְּוִיָּה body בָּנָ֔יו bānˈāʸw בֵּן son מֵ mē מִן from חֹומַ֖ת ḥômˌaṯ חֹומָה wall בֵּ֣ית שָׁ֑ן bˈêṯ šˈān בֵּית שְׁאָן Beth Shan וַ wa וְ and יָּבֹ֣אוּ yyāvˈōʔû בוא come יָבֵ֔שָׁה yāvˈēšā יָבֵישׁ Jabesh וַ wa וְ and יִּשְׂרְפ֥וּ yyiśrᵊfˌû שׂרף burn אֹתָ֖ם ʔōṯˌām אֵת [object marker] שָֽׁם׃ šˈām שָׁם there
31:12. surrexerunt omnes viri fortissimi et ambulaverunt tota nocte et tulerunt cadaver Saul et cadavera filiorum eius de muro Bethsan veneruntque Iabes et conbuserunt ea ibiAll the most valiant men arose, and walked all the night, and took the body of Saul, and the bodies of his sons, from the wall of Bethsan: and they came to Jabes Galaad, and burnt them there.
12. all the valiant men arose, and went all night, and took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Beth-shan; and they came to Jabesh, and burnt them there.
31:12. all the most valiant men rose up, and they walked all night, and they took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Bethshan. And they went to Jabesh Gilead, and they burned them there.
31:12. All the valiant men arose, and went all night, and took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Bethshan, and came to Jabesh, and burnt them there.
All the valiant men arose, and went all night, and took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Beth- shan, and came to Jabesh, and burnt them there:

31:12 и поднялись все люди сильные, и шли всю ночь, и взяли тело Саула и тела сыновей его со стены Беф-Сана, и пришли в Иавис, и сожгли их там;
31:12
καὶ και and; even
ἀνέστησαν ανιστημι stand up; resurrect
πᾶς πας all; every
ἀνὴρ ανηρ man; husband
δυνάμεως δυναμις power; ability
καὶ και and; even
ἐπορεύθησαν πορευομαι travel; go
ὅλην ολος whole; wholly
τὴν ο the
νύκτα νυξ night
καὶ και and; even
ἔλαβον λαμβανω take; get
τὸ ο the
σῶμα σωμα body
Σαουλ σαουλ Saoul; Saul
καὶ και and; even
τὸ ο the
σῶμα σωμα body
Ιωναθαν ιωναθαν the
υἱοῦ υιος son
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
ἀπὸ απο from; away
τείχους τειχος wall
Βαιθσαν βαιθσαν and; even
φέρουσιν φερω carry; bring
αὐτοὺς αυτος he; him
εἰς εις into; for
Ιαβις ιαβις and; even
κατακαίουσιν κατακαιω burn up
αὐτοὺς αυτος he; him
ἐκεῖ εκει there
31:12
וַ wa וְ and
יָּק֜וּמוּ yyāqˈûmû קום arise
כָּל־ kol- כֹּל whole
אִ֣ישׁ ʔˈîš אִישׁ man
חַיִל֮ ḥayil חַיִל power
וַ wa וְ and
יֵּלְכ֣וּ yyēlᵊḵˈû הלך walk
כָל־ ḵol- כֹּל whole
הַ ha הַ the
לַּיְלָה֒ llaylˌā לַיְלָה night
וַ wa וְ and
יִּקְח֞וּ yyiqḥˈû לקח take
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
גְּוִיַּ֣ת gᵊwiyyˈaṯ גְּוִיָּה body
שָׁא֗וּל šāʔˈûl שָׁאוּל Saul
וְ wᵊ וְ and
אֵת֙ ʔˌēṯ אֵת [object marker]
גְּוִיֹּ֣ת gᵊwiyyˈōṯ גְּוִיָּה body
בָּנָ֔יו bānˈāʸw בֵּן son
מֵ מִן from
חֹומַ֖ת ḥômˌaṯ חֹומָה wall
בֵּ֣ית שָׁ֑ן bˈêṯ šˈān בֵּית שְׁאָן Beth Shan
וַ wa וְ and
יָּבֹ֣אוּ yyāvˈōʔû בוא come
יָבֵ֔שָׁה yāvˈēšā יָבֵישׁ Jabesh
וַ wa וְ and
יִּשְׂרְפ֥וּ yyiśrᵊfˌû שׂרף burn
אֹתָ֖ם ʔōṯˌām אֵת [object marker]
שָֽׁם׃ šˈām שָׁם there
31:12. surrexerunt omnes viri fortissimi et ambulaverunt tota nocte et tulerunt cadaver Saul et cadavera filiorum eius de muro Bethsan veneruntque Iabes et conbuserunt ea ibi
All the most valiant men arose, and walked all the night, and took the body of Saul, and the bodies of his sons, from the wall of Bethsan: and they came to Jabes Galaad, and burnt them there.
31:12. all the most valiant men rose up, and they walked all night, and they took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Bethshan. And they went to Jabesh Gilead, and they burned them there.
31:12. All the valiant men arose, and went all night, and took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Bethshan, and came to Jabesh, and burnt them there.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jw▾ jg▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
12-13: И поднялись все люди ... и взяли тело Саула и тела сыновей его ... и погребли - в благодарность за освобождение их города Саулом от набега аммонитского царя Нааса (XI гл.).
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
31:12: And burnt them there - It has been denied that the Hebrews burnt the bodies of the dead, but that they buried them in the earth, or embalmed them, and often burnt spices around them, etc. These no doubt were the common forms of sepulture, but neither of these could be conveniently practiced in the present case. They could not have buried them about Beth-shan without being discovered; and as to embalming, that was most likely out of all question, as doubtless the bodies were now too putrid to bear it. They therefore burnt them, because there was no other way of disposing of them at that time so as to do them honor; and the bones and ashes they collected, and buried under a tree or in a grove at Jabesh.
1 Kings (1 Samuel) 31:13
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
31:12: burnt them - Burning was not the usual mode of sepulture among the Hebrews. But in this case from a pious desire to disguise the mutilation of the headless corpses, and exempt them from any possible future insult, the men of Jabesh burned the bodies, yet so as to preserve the bones Sa1 31:13; Sa2 21:12.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:12: burnt them there: Ch2 16:14; Jer 34:5; Amo 6:10
John Gill
All the valiant men arose,.... Of the city of Jabeshgilead, fired with indignation at the Philistines' ill usage of Saul and the bodies of his sons:
and went all night; not only for secrecy, but for haste:
and took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons from the wall of Bethshan, and came to Jabesh; brought them with them thither, the Philistines either having no knowledge of it, or not daring to oppose them:
and burnt them there: that is, the flesh of them, for the bones they buried, as in 1Kings 31:13; and this they did, contrary to the common usage of the country, which was not to burn; but this they did, that if the Philistines should come to recover them, they would not be able to do it: though the Targum is,
"they burnt over them, as they burn over their kings there;''they made a burning for them of spices over them; or of their beds, and other household goods, as Kimchi and Ben Melech observe, though they prefer the other sense; see 2Chron 16:14 perhaps the true reason might be, because they were putrid and infectious.
John Wesley
Took the body, &c. - This they did, not only out of a concern, for the honour of Israel, and the crown of Israel, but out of gratitude to Saul, for his zeal and forwardness to rescue them from the Ammonites.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
valiant men arose, and went all night, and took the body of Saul and the bodies of his sons--Considering that Beth-shan is an hour and a half's distance, and by a narrow upland passage, to the west of the Jordan (the whole being a journey from Jabesh-gilead of about ten miles), they must have made all haste to travel thither to carry off the headless bodies and return to their own side of the Jordan in the course of a single night.
burnt them--This was not a Hebrew custom. It was probably resorted to on this occasion to prevent all risk of the Beth-shanites coming to disinter the royal remains for further insult.
31:1331:13: Եւ առին զոսկերս նոցա եւ թաղեցին զնոսա ընդ անդիւն Յաբիսայ. եւ պահեցին զեւթն օր[3153]։Կատարեցաւ Թագաւորութեանց Առաջին։[3154]։ [3153] Ոմանք. Եւ թաղեցին զնոսա ընդ անիւն Յաբիսայ։[3154] ՚Ի վախճանի՝ ոմանք. Կատարումն Առաջին Թագաւորութեանց. եւ ոմանք. Կատարեցաւ Գիրք Առաջին Թագաւորութեանցն։ Ըստ այսմ ունին սոքա եւ ՚ի յաջորդ Գիրս Թագաւորութեանց։
13 Այնուհետեւ նրանց ոսկորներն առնելով՝ թաղեցին Յաբիսի դաշտում եւ եօթը օր ծոմ պահեցին:
13 Անոնց ոսկորները առին ու Յաբիսի մէջ ծառին* տակ թաղեցին ու եօթը օր ծոմ պահեցին։
Եւ առին զոսկերս նոցա եւ թաղեցին զնոսա ընդ [543]անդիւն Յաբիսայ``, եւ պահեցին զեւթն օր:

31:13: Եւ առին զոսկերս նոցա եւ թաղեցին զնոսա ընդ անդիւն Յաբիսայ. եւ պահեցին զեւթն օր[3153]։

Կատարեցաւ Թագաւորութեանց Առաջին։[3154]։

[3153] Ոմանք. Եւ թաղեցին զնոսա ընդ անիւն Յաբիսայ։
[3154] ՚Ի վախճանի՝ ոմանք. Կատարումն Առաջին Թագաւորութեանց. եւ ոմանք. Կատարեցաւ Գիրք Առաջին Թագաւորութեանցն։ Ըստ այսմ ունին սոքա եւ ՚ի յաջորդ Գիրս Թագաւորութեանց։
13 Այնուհետեւ նրանց ոսկորներն առնելով՝ թաղեցին Յաբիսի դաշտում եւ եօթը օր ծոմ պահեցին:
13 Անոնց ոսկորները առին ու Յաբիսի մէջ ծառին* տակ թաղեցին ու եօթը օր ծոմ պահեցին։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
31:1331:13 и взяли кости их, и погребли под дубом в Иависе, и постились семь дней.
31:13 καὶ και and; even λαμβάνουσιν λαμβανω take; get τὰ ο the ὀστᾶ οστεον bone αὐτῶν αυτος he; him καὶ και and; even θάπτουσιν θαπτω bury; have a funeral for ὑπὸ υπο under; by τὴν ο the ἄρουραν αρουρα the Ιαβις ιαβις and; even νηστεύουσιν νηστευω fast ἑπτὰ επτα seven ἡμέρας ημερα day
31:13 וַ wa וְ and יִּקְחוּ֙ yyiqḥˌû לקח take אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] עַצְמֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם ʕaṣmˈōṯêhˈem עֶצֶם bone וַ wa וְ and יִּקְבְּר֥וּ yyiqbᵊrˌû קבר bury תַֽחַת־ ṯˈaḥaṯ- תַּחַת under part הָ hā הַ the אֶ֖שֶׁל ʔˌešel אֵשֶׁל tamarisk בְּ bᵊ בְּ in יָבֵ֑שָׁה yāvˈēšā יָבֵישׁ Jabesh וַ wa וְ and יָּצֻ֖מוּ yyāṣˌumû צום fast שִׁבְעַ֥ת šivʕˌaṯ שֶׁבַע seven יָמִֽים׃ פ yāmˈîm . f יֹום day
31:13. et tulerunt ossa eorum et sepelierunt in nemore Iabes et ieiunaverunt septem diebusAnd they took their bones, and buried them in the wood of Jabes: and fasted seven days.
13. And they took their bones, and buried them under the tamarisk tree in Jabesh, and fasted seven days.
31:13. And they took their bones, and they buried them in the forest of Jabesh. And they fasted for seven days.
31:13. And they took their bones, and buried [them] under a tree at Jabesh, and fasted seven days.
And they took their bones, and buried [them] under a tree at Jabesh, and fasted seven days:

31:13 и взяли кости их, и погребли под дубом в Иависе, и постились семь дней.
31:13
καὶ και and; even
λαμβάνουσιν λαμβανω take; get
τὰ ο the
ὀστᾶ οστεον bone
αὐτῶν αυτος he; him
καὶ και and; even
θάπτουσιν θαπτω bury; have a funeral for
ὑπὸ υπο under; by
τὴν ο the
ἄρουραν αρουρα the
Ιαβις ιαβις and; even
νηστεύουσιν νηστευω fast
ἑπτὰ επτα seven
ἡμέρας ημερα day
31:13
וַ wa וְ and
יִּקְחוּ֙ yyiqḥˌû לקח take
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
עַצְמֹ֣תֵיהֶ֔ם ʕaṣmˈōṯêhˈem עֶצֶם bone
וַ wa וְ and
יִּקְבְּר֥וּ yyiqbᵊrˌû קבר bury
תַֽחַת־ ṯˈaḥaṯ- תַּחַת under part
הָ הַ the
אֶ֖שֶׁל ʔˌešel אֵשֶׁל tamarisk
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
יָבֵ֑שָׁה yāvˈēšā יָבֵישׁ Jabesh
וַ wa וְ and
יָּצֻ֖מוּ yyāṣˌumû צום fast
שִׁבְעַ֥ת šivʕˌaṯ שֶׁבַע seven
יָמִֽים׃ פ yāmˈîm . f יֹום day
31:13. et tulerunt ossa eorum et sepelierunt in nemore Iabes et ieiunaverunt septem diebus
And they took their bones, and buried them in the wood of Jabes: and fasted seven days.
31:13. And they took their bones, and they buried them in the forest of Jabesh. And they fasted for seven days.
31:13. And they took their bones, and buried [them] under a tree at Jabesh, and fasted seven days.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ erva_1895▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jw▾ jg▾ gnv▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ all ▾
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
31:13: And fasted seven days - To testify their sincere regret for his unfortunate death, and the public calamity that had fallen upon the land.
Thus ends the troublesome, and I had almost said the useless, reign of Saul. A king was chosen in opposition to the will of the Most High; and the government of God in effect rejected, to make way for this king.
Saul was at first a very humble young man, and conducted himself with great propriety; but his elevation made him proud, and he soon became tyrannical in his private conduct and in his political measures. His natural temper was not good; he was peevish, fretful, and often outrageous; and these bad dispositions, unchecked by proper application to the grace of God, became every day more headstrong and dangerous. Through their violence he seems at times to have been wholly carried away and deranged; and this derangement appears to have been occasionally greatly exacerbated by diabolical influences. This led him to take his friends for his foes; so that in his paroxysms he strove to imbrue his hands in their blood, and more than once attempted to assassinate his own son; and most causelessly and inhumanly ordered the innocent priests of the Lord at Nob to be murdered. This was the worst act in his whole life.
Saul was but ill qualified for a proper discharge of the regal functions. The reader will remember that he was chosen rather as a general of the armies than as civil governor. The administration of the affairs of the state was left chiefly to Samuel, and Saul led forth the armies to battle.
As a general he gave proof of considerable capacity; he was courageous, prompt, decisive, and persevering; and, except in the last unfortunate battle in which he lost his life, generally led his troops to victory.
Saul was a weak man, and very capricious; this is amply proved by his unreasonable jealousy against David, and his continual suspicion that all were leagued against him. It is also evident, in his foolish adjuration relative to the matter of the honey (see Sa1 14:24-30, Sa1 14:38-44) in which, to save his rash and nonsensical oath, he would have sacrificed Jonathan his son!
The question, "Was Saul a good king?" has already in effect been answered. He was on the whole a good man, as far as we know, in private life; but he was a bad king; for he endeavored to reign independently of the Jewish constitution; he in effect assumed the sacerdotal office and functions, and thus even changed what was essential to that constitution. He not only offered sacrifices which belonged to the priests alone; but in the most positive manner went opposite to the orders of that God whose vicegerent he was.
Of his conduct in visiting the woman at En-dor I have already given my opinion, and to this I must refer. His desperate circumstances imposed on the weakness of his mind; and he did in that instance an act which, in his jurisprudential capacity, he had disapproved by the edict which banished all witches, etc., from Israel. Yet in this act he only wished to avail himself of the counsel and advice of his friend Samuel.
To the question, "Was not Saul a self-murderer?" I scruple not to answer, "No." He was to all appearance mortally wounded, when he begged his armor-bearer to extinguish the remaining spark of life; and he was afraid that the Philistines might abuse his body, if they found him alive; and we can scarcely say how much of indignity is implied in this word; and his falling on his sword was a fit of desperation, which doubtless was the issue of a mind greatly agitated, and full of distraction. A few minutes longer, and his life would in all probability have ebbed out; but though this wound accelerated his death, yet it could not be properly the cause of it, as he was mortally wounded before, and did it on the conviction that he could not survive.
Taking Saul's state and circumstances together, I believe there is not a coroner's inquest in this nation that would not have brought in a verdict of derangement; while the pious and the humane would everywhere have consoled themselves with the hope that God had extended mercy to his soul.
Millbrook, June 11, 1818.
Ended this examination August 13, 1827. - A.C.
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
31:13: Under a tree - Rather, "Under the tamarisk," a well-known tree at Jabesh which was standing when this narrative was written.
They fasted seven days - In imitation of the mourning for Jacob (marginal reference). They would give full honor to Saul though he was fallen.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
31:13: their bones: Gen 35:8; Sa2 2:4, Sa2 2:5, Sa2 21:12-14
fasted seven: Gen 50:10
Next: 2 Kings (2 Samuel) Chapter 1
Geneva 1599
And they took their bones, and buried [them] under a tree at Jabesh, and (f) fasted seven days.
(f) According to the custom of mourners.
John Gill
And they took their bones, and buried them under a tree at Jabesh,.... For though they burned the bodies, yet so as to preserve the bones; and these, together with the ashes of the parts burnt, they gathered up, and buried under a tree near this city; this tree is said to be an oak, 1Chron 10:12; so Deborah, the nurse of Rebekah, was buried under an oak, Gen 35:8. The Jews generally interred their dead under some oak, as aforementioned writer observes (q); pleased perchance with the parallel, as he expresses it, that as these plants, seemingly dead in winter, have every spring an annual resurrection, so men's dry bones shall have new sap put into them at the day of judgment:
and fasted seven days; not that they ate and drank nothing all that time, but they fasted every day till evening, as the Jews used to do; so long it seems a man may live without eating, but not longer; See Gill on Ex 24:18 and see Gill on 3Kings 19:8; this they did, as Kimchi thinks, in memory of the seven days Nahash the Ammonite gave them for their relief, in which time Saul came and saved them, 1Kings 11:3.
(q) Pisgah-Sight of Palestine b. 2. ch. 2. p. 82.
John Wesley
Fasted - To testify their sorrow for the loss of Saul, and of the people of God; and to intreat God's favour to prevent the utter extinction of his people. But you must not understand this word of fasting strictly, as if they eat nothing for seven whole days; but in a more large sense, as it is used both in sacred and profane writers; that they did eat but little, and that but mean food, and drank only water for that time. This book began with the birth of Samuel, and ends with the death of Saul: The comparing these together will teach us to prefer the honour that comes from God, before all the honours of the world.