Թագաւորութիւններ Բ / 2 Samuel - 8 |

Text:
< PreviousԹագաւորութիւններ Բ - 8 2 Samuel - 8Next >

jfb▾ jw▾ jg▾ gnv▾ kad▾ tr▾ ac▾ mh▾ all ▾
Matthew Henry: Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible - 1706
David having sought first the kingdom of God and the righteousness thereof, settling the ark as soon as he was himself well settled, we are here told how all other things were added to him. Here is an account, I. Of his conquests. He triumphed, 1. Over the Philistines, ver. 1. 2. Over the Moabites, ver. 2. 3. Over the king of Zobah, ver. 3, 4. 4. Over the Syrians, ver. 5-8, 13. 5. Over the Edomites, ver. 14. II. Of the presents that were brought him and the wealth he got from the nations he subdued, which he dedicated to God, ver. 9-12. III. Of his court, the administration of his government (ver. 15), and his chief officers, ver. 16-18. This gives us a general idea of the prosperity of David's reign.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
David subdues the Philistines, Sa2 8:1; and the Moabites, Sa2 8:2; and the king of Zobah, Sa2 8:3, Sa2 8:4; and the Syrians in general, Sa2 8:5-8. Toi, king of Hamath, sends to congratulate him on his victories over the king of Zobah, and sends him rich presents, Sa2 8:9-10. David dedicates all the spoils to God, Sa2 8:11-13. He garrisons Edom, Sa2 8:14; and reigns over all Israel, Sa2 8:15. An account of his chief officers, Sa2 8:16-18.
2 Kings (2 Samuel) 8:1
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
Sa2 8:1, David subdues the Philistines and the Moabites; Sa2 8:3, He smites Hadadezer, and the Syrians; Sa2 8:9, Toi sends Joram with presents to bless him; Sa2 8:11, The presents and the spoil David dedicates to God; Sa2 8:14, He puts garrisons in Edom; Sa2 8:16, David's officers.
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

David's Wars, Victories, and Ministers of State - 2 Samuel 8
To the promise of the establishment of this throne there is appended a general enumeration of the wars by which David secured the supremacy of Israel over all his enemies round about. In this survey all the nations are included with which war had ever been waged by David, and which he had conquered and rendered tributary: the Philistines and Moabites, the Syrians of Zobah and Damascus, Toi of Hamath, the Ammonites, Amalekites, and Edomites. It is very evident from this, that the chapter before us not only treats of the wars which David carried on after receiving the divine promise mentioned in 2 Samuel 7, but of all the wars of his entire reign. The only one of which we have afterwards a fuller account is the war with the Ammonites and their allies the Syrians (2 Samuel 10 and 11), and this is given on account of its connection with David's adultery. In the survey before us, the war with the Ammonites is only mentioned quite cursorily in 2Kings 8:12, in the account of the booty taken from the different nations, which David dedicated to the Lord. With regard to the other wars, so far as the principal purpose was concerned-namely, to record the history of the kingdom of God-it was quite sufficient to give a general statement of the fact that these nations were smitten by David and subjected to his sceptre. But if this chapter contains a survey of all the wars of David with the nations that were hostile to Israel, there can be no doubt that the arrangement of the several events is not strictly regulated by their chronological order, but that homogeneous events are grouped together according to a material point of view. There is a parallel to this chapter in 1 Chron 18.
Geneva 1599
And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took Methegammah out of the (a) hand of the Philistines.
(a) So that they paid no more tribute.
John Gill
INTRODUCTION TO SECOND SAMUEL 8
This chapter gives a relation of the wars of David with his enemies, and his victories over them, particularly the Philistines, Moabites, Syrians, and Edomites, and of the spoils he took from them, and of the presents made to him by others, 2Kings 8:1; and of his righteous administration of government, and of the principal officers in his court and camp, 2Kings 8:15.
John Wesley
And David took - Gath and her towns, as it is expressed in the parallel place, 1Chron 18:1. Which are called Metheg - ammah, or the bridle of Ammah, Gath was situate in the mountain of Ammah; and because this being the chief city of the Philistines, and having a king, which none of the rest had, was the bridle which had hitherto kept the Israelites in subjection.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
DAVID SUBDUES THE PHILISTINES, AND MAKES THE MOABITES TRIBUTARY. (2Kings 8:1-2)
David took Metheg-ammah out of the hand of the Philistines--that is, Gath and her suburban towns (1Chron 18:1). That town had been "a bridle" by which the Philistines kept the people of Judah in check. David used it now as a barrier to repress that restless enemy.
8:18:1: Եւ եղեւ յետ այսորիկ եհա՛ր Դաւիթ զայլազգիսն եւ վանեա՛ց զնոսա, եւ ա՛ռ Դաւիթ զզատուցեալսն ՚ի ձեռաց այլազգեացն։
1 Դրանից յետոյ Դաւիթը յարձակուեց այլազգիների վրայ, փախուստի մատնեց նրանց, այլազգիների ձեռքից վերցրեց քաղաքին յարող տարածքները:
8 Անկէ յետոյ Դաւիթ Փղշտացիները զարկաւ ու զանոնք նուաճեց եւ Փղշտացիներուն ձեռքէն Մեթեկամման առաւ։
Եւ եղեւ յետ այսորիկ եհար Դաւիթ զայլազգիսն եւ վանեաց զնոսա, եւ ա՛ռ Դաւիթ [103]զզատուցեալսն ի ձեռաց այլազգեացն:

8:1: Եւ եղեւ յետ այսորիկ եհա՛ր Դաւիթ զայլազգիսն եւ վանեա՛ց զնոսա, եւ ա՛ռ Դաւիթ զզատուցեալսն ՚ի ձեռաց այլազգեացն։
1 Դրանից յետոյ Դաւիթը յարձակուեց այլազգիների վրայ, փախուստի մատնեց նրանց, այլազգիների ձեռքից վերցրեց քաղաքին յարող տարածքները:
8 Անկէ յետոյ Դաւիթ Փղշտացիները զարկաւ ու զանոնք նուաճեց եւ Փղշտացիներուն ձեռքէն Մեթեկամման առաւ։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:18:1 После сего Давид поразил Филистимлян и смирил их, и взял Давид Мефег-Гаамма из рук Филистимлян.
8:1 καὶ και and; even ἐγένετο γινομαι happen; become μετὰ μετα with; amid ταῦτα ουτος this; he καὶ και and; even ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith τοὺς ο the ἀλλοφύλους αλλοφυλος foreigner καὶ και and; even ἐτροπώσατο τροποω he; him καὶ και and; even ἔλαβεν λαμβανω take; get Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith τὴν ο the ἀφωρισμένην αφοριζω separate ἐκ εκ from; out of χειρὸς χειρ hand τῶν ο the ἀλλοφύλων αλλοφυλος foreigner
8:1 וַֽ wˈa וְ and יְהִי֙ yᵊhˌî היה be אַֽחֲרֵי־ ʔˈaḥᵃrê- אַחַר after כֵ֔ן ḵˈēn כֵּן thus וַ wa וְ and יַּ֥ךְ yyˌaḵ נכה strike דָּוִ֛ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים pᵊlištˌîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine וַ wa וְ and יַּכְנִיעֵ֑ם yyaḵnîʕˈēm כנע be humble וַ wa וְ and יִּקַּ֥ח yyiqqˌaḥ לקח take דָּוִ֛ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] מֶ֥תֶג mˌeṯeḡ מֶתֶג bridle הָ hā הַ the אַמָּ֖ה ʔammˌā אַמָּה [uncertain] מִ mi מִן from יַּ֥ד yyˌaḏ יָד hand פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ pᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
8:1. factum est autem post haec percussit David Philisthim et humiliavit eos et tulit David frenum tributi de manu PhilisthimAnd it came to pass after this that David defeated the Philistines, and brought them down, and David took the bridle of tribute out of the hand of the Philistines,
8:1. Now after these things, it happened that David struck the Philistines, and he humbled them. And David took the bridle of tribute from the hand of the Philistines.
8:1. And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took Methegammah out of the hand of the Philistines.
1. And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took the bridle of the mother city out of the hand of the Philistines.
8:1 And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took Metheg- ammah out of the hand of the Philistines:
8:1 После сего Давид поразил Филистимлян и смирил их, и взял Давид Мефег-Гаамма из рук Филистимлян.
8:1
καὶ και and; even
ἐγένετο γινομαι happen; become
μετὰ μετα with; amid
ταῦτα ουτος this; he
καὶ και and; even
ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
τοὺς ο the
ἀλλοφύλους αλλοφυλος foreigner
καὶ και and; even
ἐτροπώσατο τροποω he; him
καὶ και and; even
ἔλαβεν λαμβανω take; get
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
τὴν ο the
ἀφωρισμένην αφοριζω separate
ἐκ εκ from; out of
χειρὸς χειρ hand
τῶν ο the
ἀλλοφύλων αλλοφυλος foreigner
8:1
וַֽ wˈa וְ and
יְהִי֙ yᵊhˌî היה be
אַֽחֲרֵי־ ʔˈaḥᵃrê- אַחַר after
כֵ֔ן ḵˈēn כֵּן thus
וַ wa וְ and
יַּ֥ךְ yyˌaḵ נכה strike
דָּוִ֛ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים pᵊlištˌîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
וַ wa וְ and
יַּכְנִיעֵ֑ם yyaḵnîʕˈēm כנע be humble
וַ wa וְ and
יִּקַּ֥ח yyiqqˌaḥ לקח take
דָּוִ֛ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
מֶ֥תֶג mˌeṯeḡ מֶתֶג bridle
הָ hā הַ the
אַמָּ֖ה ʔammˌā אַמָּה [uncertain]
מִ mi מִן from
יַּ֥ד yyˌaḏ יָד hand
פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ pᵊlištˈîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
8:1. factum est autem post haec percussit David Philisthim et humiliavit eos et tulit David frenum tributi de manu Philisthim
And it came to pass after this that David defeated the Philistines, and brought them down, and David took the bridle of tribute out of the hand of the Philistines,
8:1. Now after these things, it happened that David struck the Philistines, and he humbled them. And David took the bridle of tribute from the hand of the Philistines.
8:1. And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took Methegammah out of the hand of the Philistines.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jg▾ kad▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ mh▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
1: Предстоящая устроительная деятельность Давида в области религиозной и общественной жизни народа требовала полной безопасности государства совне.

Мефег-Гаамма - то же, что Геф (1: Пар. XVIII:1). См. пр. к 1: Цар. VI:17.
Matthew Henry: Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible - 1706
David's Conquests. B. C. 1042.

1 And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took Metheg-ammah out of the hand of the Philistines. 2 And he smote Moab, and measured them with a line, casting them down to the ground; even with two lines measured he to put to death, and with one full line to keep alive. And so the Moabites became David's servants, and brought gifts. 3 David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates. 4 And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: and David houghed all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for a hundred chariots. 5 And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Hadadezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men. 6 Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and the Syrians became servants to David, and brought gifts. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went. 7 And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer, and brought them to Jerusalem. 8 And from Betah, and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, king David took exceeding much brass.
God had given David rest from all his enemies that opposed him and made head against him; and he having made a good use of that rest, has now commission given him to make war upon them, and to act offensively for the avenging of Israel's quarrels and the recovery of their rights; for as yet they were not in full possession of that country to which by the promise of God they were entitled.
I. He quite subdued the Philistines, v. 1. They had attacked him when they thought him weak (ch. v. 17), and went by the worst then; but, when he found himself strong, he attacked them, and made himself master of their country. They had long been vexatious and oppressive to Israel. Saul got no ground against them; but David completed Israel's deliverance out of their hands, which Samson had begun long before, Judg. xiii. 5. Metheg-ammah was Gath (the chief and royal city of the Philistines) and the towns belonging to it, among which there was a constant garrison kept by the Philistines on the hill Ammah (2 Sam. ii. 24), which was Metheg, a bridle (so it signifies) or curb upon the people of Israel; this David took out of their hand and used it as a curb upon them. Thus, when the strong man is disarmed, the armour wherein he trusted is taken from him, and used against him, Luke xi. 22. And after the long and frequent struggles which the saints have had with the powers of darkness, like Israel with the Philistines, the Son of David shall tread them all under their feet and make the saints more than conquerors.
II. He smote the Moabites, and made them tributaries to Israel, v. 2. He divided the country into three parts, two of which he destroyed, casting down the strong-holds, and putting all to the sword; the third part he spared, to till the ground and be servants to Israel. Dr. Lightfoot says, "He laid them on the ground and measured them with a cord, who should be slain and who should live;" and this is called meting out the valley of Succoth, Ps. lx. 6. The Jews say he used this severity with the Moabites because they had slain his parents and brethren, whom he put under the protection of the king of Moab during his exile, 1 Sam. xxii. 3, 4. He did it in justice, because they had been dangerous enemies to the Israel of God; and in policy, because, if left in their strength, they still would have been so. But observe, Though it was necessary that two-thirds should be cut off, yet the line that was to keep alive, though it was but one, is ordered to be a full line. Be sure to give that length enough; let the line of mercy be stretched to the utmost in favorem vitæ--so as to favour life. Acts of indemnity must be construed so as to enlarge the favour. Now Balaam's prophecy was fulfilled, A sceptre shall arise out of Israel, and shall smite the corners of Moab, to the utmost of which the fatal line extended, Num. xxiv. 17. The Moabites continued tributaries to Israel till after the death of Ahab, 2 Kings iii. 4, 5. Then they rebelled and were never reduced.
III. He smote the Syrians or Aramites. Of them there were two distinct kingdoms, as we find them spoken of in the title of the 60th Psalm: Aram Naharaim,--Syria of the rivers, whose head city was Damascus (famed for its rivers, 2 Kings v. 12), and Aram Zobah, which joined to it, but extended to Euphrates. These were the two northern crowns. 1. David began with the Syrians of Zobah, v. 3, 4. As he went to settle his border at the river Euphrates (for so far the land conveyed by the divine grant to Abraham and his seed did extend, Gen. xv. 18), the king of Zobah opposed him, being himself possessed of those countries which belonged to Israel; but David routed his forces, and took his chariots and horsemen. The horsemen are here said to be 700, but 1 Chron. xviii. 4 they are said to be 7000. If they divided their horse by ten in a company, as it is probable they did, the captains and companies were 700, but the horsemen were 7000. David houghed the horses, cut the sinews of their hams, and so lamed them, and made them unserviceable, at least in war, God having forbidden them to multiply horses, Deut. xvii. 16. David reserved only 100 chariots out of 1000 for his own use: for he placed his strength not in chariots nor horses, but in the living God (Ps. xx. 7), and wrote it from his own observation that a horse is a vain thing for safety, Ps. xxxiii. 16, 17. 2. The Syrians of Damascus coming in to the relief of the king of Zobah fell with him. 22,000 were slain in the field, v. 5. So that it was easy for David to make himself master of the country, and garrison it for himself, v. 6. The enemies of God's church, that think to secure themselves, will prove, in the end, to ruin themselves, by their confederacies with each other. Associate yourselves, and you shall be broken in pieces, Isa. viii. 9.
IV. In all these wars, 1. David was protected: The Lord preserved him whithersoever he went. It seems, he went in person, and, in the cause of God and Israel, jeoparded his own life in the high places of the field; but God covered his head in the day of battle, which he often speaks of, in his psalms, to the glory of God. 2. He was enriched. He took the shields of gold which the servants of Hadadezer had in their custody (v. 7) and much brass from several cities of Syria (v. 8), which he was entitled to, not only jure belli--by the uncontrollable right of the longest sword ("Get it, and take it"); but by commission from heaven, and the ancient entail of these countries on the seed of Abraham.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
8:1: David took Metheg-ammah - This is variously translated. The Vulgate has, Tulit David fraenum tributi, David removed the bondage of the tribute, which the Israelites paid to the Philistines. Some think it means a fortress, city, or strong town; but no such place as Metheg-ammah is known. Probably the Vulgate is nearest the truth. The versions are all different. See the following comparison of the principal passages here collated with the parallel place in 1 Chr: -
2 Samuel 1 Chronicles Sa2 8:1. - David took Metheg-ammah Sa2 8:3. David Ch1 18:1. - David took Gath and her towns. Ch1 18:3. David smote Hadadezer Sa2 8:4. And David took from him smote Hadarezer Ch1 18:4. And David took from him 1000 and 700 horsemen, and 20,000 foot. 1000 chariots, and 7000 horsemen, and 20,000 foot. Sa2 8:6. Then David put garrisons in Syria Sa2 8:8. And Ch1 18:6. Then David put in Syria Ch1 18:8. And from Betah and Berothai cities of Hadadezer. Sa2 8:9. from Tibhath and Chun cities of Hadarezer. Ch1 18:9. When Toi heard that David had smitten When Tou heard that David had smitten Hadadezer Sa2 8:10. Then Toi sent Joram his son Hadarezer Ch1 18:10. He sent Hadoram his son Sa2 8:12-Syria and Moab Sa2 8:13. - Syrians, in the valley Ch1 18:11-Edom and Moab Ch1 18:12. - Edomites, in the valley of salt, 18,000 Sa2 8:17. - Ahimelech - and Seraiah of salt, 18,000 Ch1 18:16. - Abimelech - and Shausha was the scribe. Sa2 10:16. Shobach the captain was scribe. Ch1 19:16. Shophach the captain Sa2 10:17. David passed over Jordan, and came הלאמה Ch1 19:17. David passed over Jordan and came אלהם to Helam. Sa2 10:18. David slew 700 upon them Ch1 19:18. David slew of the Syrians 7000 chariots of the Syrians, and 40,000 horsemen; chariots, and 40,000 footmen; and smote Shobach, etc. and killed Shophach, etc.
2 Kings (2 Samuel) 8:2
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:1: Metheg-ammah must be the name of some stronghold which commanded Gath, and the taking of which made David master of Gath and her towns.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:1: am 2964, bc 1040, An, Ex, Is, 451
And after: Sa2 7:9, Sa2 21:15-22
Methegammah: or, the bridle of Ammah, Sa2 2:24; ch2 18:1-17, Gath, In the parallel passage of Chronicles, we read, "David took Gath and her towns;" and it is probable, that Gath and its districts were called Metheg-ammah in David's time; which, being unusual or becoming obsolete, in the time of the author of the Chronicles, led him thus to explain it.
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

Subjugation of the Philistines. - In the introductory formula, "And it came to pass afterwards," the expression "afterwards" cannot refer specially to the contents of 2 Samuel 7, for reasons also given, but simply serves as a general formula of transition to attach what follows to the account just completed, as a thing that happened afterwards. This is incontestably evident from a comparison of 2Kings 10:1, where the war with the Ammonites and Syrians, the termination and result of which are given in the present chapter, is attached to what precedes by the same formula, "It came to pass afterwards" (cf. 2Kings 13:1). "David smote the Philistines and subdued them, and took the bridle of the mother out of the hand of the Philistines," i.e., wrested the government from them and made them tributary. The figurative expression Metheg-ammah, "bridle of the mother," i.e., the capital, has been explained by Alb. Schultens (on Job 30:11) from an Arabic idiom, in which giving up one's bridle to another is equivalent to submitting to him. Gesenius also gives several proofs of this (Thes. p. 113). Others, for example Ewald, render it arm-bridle; but there is not a single passage to support the rendering "arm" for ammah. The word is a feminine form of אם, mother, and only used in a tropical sense. "Mother" is a term applied to the chief city or capital, both in Arabic and Phoenician (vid., Ges. Thes. p. 112). The same figure is also adopted in Hebrew, where the towns dependent upon the capital are called its daughters (vid., Josh 15:45, Josh 15:47). In 1Chron 18:1 the figurative expression is dropped for the more literal one: "David took Gath and its daughters out of the hand of the Philistines," i.e., he wrested Gath and the other towns from the Philistines. The Philistines had really five cities, every one with a prince of its own (Josh 13:3). This was the case even in the time of Samuel (1Kings 6:16-17). But in the closing years of Samuel, Gath had a king who stood at the head of all the princes of the Philistines (1Kings 29:2., cf. 1Kings 27:2). Thus Gath became the capital of the land of the Philistines, which held the bridle (or reins) of Philistia in its own hand. The author of the Chronicles has therefore given the correct explanation of the figure. The one suggested by Ewald, Bertheau, and others, cannot be correct, - namely, that David wrested from the Philistines the power which they had hitherto exercised over the Israelites. The simple meaning of the passage is, that David wrested from the Philistines the power which the capital had possessed over the towns dependent upon it, i.e., over the whole of the land of Philistia; in other words, he brought the capital (Gath) and the other towns of Philistia into his own power. The reference afterwards made to a king of Gath in the time of Solomon in 3Kings 2:39 is by no means at variance with this; for the king alluded to was one of the tributary sovereigns, as we may infer from the fact that Solomon ruled over all the kings on this side of the Euphrates as far as to Gaza (3Kings 5:1, 3Kings 5:4).
John Gill
And after this it came to pass,.... After David had rest from his enemies for a time, and after the conversation he had had with Nathan about building the house of God, and after the message sent to him from the Lord by that prophet, forbidding him to build, and David's prayer to the Lord upon it, the following events happened; and which are recorded to show that David's rest from his enemies did not last long, and that he had other work to do than to build the house of God:
that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them; these had been long and implacable enemies of Israel; Samson began to weaken them in his days; a war was waged between them and Israel in the times of Samuel and Saul, and the battle sometimes went on one side and sometimes on the other; but now David made an entire conquest of them: before they had used to come into the land of Israel, and there fight with Israel, but now David entered into their land, and took it from them:
and David took Methegammah out of the hands of the Philistines; the name of a province in Palestine, and from the parallel place in 1Chron 18:1, it appears to be Gath, and its adjacent towns; but why that was called the bridle of Ammah, or the bridle of a cubit, as it may be rendered, is not easy to say. The conjecture of Kimchi is, that there was a pool or river of water, so Ammah is thought to signify; and Aquila renders it a water course, which passed through the city, having been brought from without it into it, the communication of which from place to place it may be David cut off, by stopping or turning its stream; but interpreters more generally suppose that Gath was built upon an hill called Ammah, see 2Kings 2:24; thought to be the same with the Amgaris of Pliny (d) though that is sometimes read Angaris, a mountain he places in Palestine; and that it was called Metheg, a bridle, because being a frontier city, and being very strong and powerful, erected into a kingdom, it was a curb and bridle upon the Israelites; but now David taking it out of their hands, opened his way for the more easy subduing the rest of their country: or the word may be rendered Metheg and her mother, that is, Gath, the metropolis, since that and her daughters, or towns, are said to be taken, 1Chron 18:1; and Metheg might be one of them.
(d) Nat. Hist. l. 5. c. 13.
8:28:2: Եւ եհա՛ր Դաւիթ զՄովաբ. եւ չափեա՛ց զնոսա պարանօք, եւ գառացո՛յց զնոսա յերկիր. եւ եղեն երկու պարանքն սպանանելոյ, եւ երկու պարանքն ապրեցուցանելոյ. եւ եղեւ Մովաբ Դաւթի ՚ի ծառա՛յս պատարագաբերս[3227]։ [3227] Օրինակ մի. Եւ չափեաց զնոսա պարանօք, հաւասարեաց գետնին. եւ գառացոյց զնոսա յերկիր։
2 Դաւիթը հարուածեց մովաբացիներին, նրանց գետին պառկեցրեց եւ չափեց պարանով. ամէն երկու պարան չափեց սպանելու եւ ամէն երկու պարան՝ կենդանի թողնելու համար:
2 Նաեւ Մովաբը զարկաւ ու գետինը պառկեցնելով զանոնք լարով չափեց. երկու լարով մեռցնելու չափեց ու մէկ ամբողջ լարով ապրեցնելու։ Մովաբացիք Դաւիթին հարկատու ծառաներ եղան։
Եւ եհար Դաւիթ զՄովաբ, եւ չափեաց զնոսա պարանօք, եւ գառացոյց զնոսա յերկիր. եւ եղեն երկու պարանքն սպանանելոյ եւ [104]երկու պարանքն`` ապրեցուցանելոյ. եւ եղեւ Մովաբ Դաւթի ի ծառայս պատարագաբերս:

8:2: Եւ եհա՛ր Դաւիթ զՄովաբ. եւ չափեա՛ց զնոսա պարանօք, եւ գառացո՛յց զնոսա յերկիր. եւ եղեն երկու պարանքն սպանանելոյ, եւ երկու պարանքն ապրեցուցանելոյ. եւ եղեւ Մովաբ Դաւթի ՚ի ծառա՛յս պատարագաբերս[3227]։
[3227] Օրինակ մի. Եւ չափեաց զնոսա պարանօք, հաւասարեաց գետնին. եւ գառացոյց զնոսա յերկիր։
2 Դաւիթը հարուածեց մովաբացիներին, նրանց գետին պառկեցրեց եւ չափեց պարանով. ամէն երկու պարան չափեց սպանելու եւ ամէն երկու պարան՝ կենդանի թողնելու համար:
2 Նաեւ Մովաբը զարկաւ ու գետինը պառկեցնելով զանոնք լարով չափեց. երկու լարով մեռցնելու չափեց ու մէկ ամբողջ լարով ապրեցնելու։ Մովաբացիք Դաւիթին հարկատու ծառաներ եղան։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:28:2 И поразил Моавитян и смерил их веревкою, положив их на землю; и отмерил две веревки на умерщвление, а одну веревку на оставление в живых. И сделались Моавитяне у Давида рабами, платящими дань.
8:2 καὶ και and; even ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith τὴν ο the Μωαβ μωαβ and; even διεμέτρησεν διαμετρεω he; him ἐν εν in σχοινίοις σχοινιον cord κοιμίσας κοιμιζω he; him ἐπὶ επι in; on τὴν ο the γῆν γη earth; land καὶ και and; even ἐγένετο γινομαι happen; become τὰ ο the δύο δυο two σχοινίσματα σχοινισμα the θανατῶσαι θανατοω put to death καὶ και and; even τὰ ο the δύο δυο two σχοινίσματα σχοινισμα capture καὶ και and; even ἐγένετο γινομαι happen; become Μωαβ μωαβ the Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith εἰς εις into; for δούλους δουλος subject φέροντας φερω carry; bring ξένια ξενιον friendly gifts; tribute
8:2 וַ wa וְ and יַּ֣ךְ yyˈaḵ נכה strike אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] מֹואָ֗ב môʔˈāv מֹואָב Moab וַֽ wˈa וְ and יְמַדְּדֵ֤ם yᵊmaddᵊḏˈēm מדד measure בַּ ba בְּ in † הַ the חֶ֨בֶל֙ ḥˈevel חֶבֶל cord הַשְׁכֵּ֣ב haškˈēv שׁכב lie down אֹותָ֣ם ʔôṯˈām אֵת [object marker] אַ֔רְצָה ʔˈarṣā אֶרֶץ earth וַ wa וְ and יְמַדֵּ֤ד yᵊmaddˈēḏ מדד measure שְׁנֵֽי־ šᵊnˈê- שְׁנַיִם two חֲבָלִים֙ ḥᵃvālîm חֶבֶל cord לְ lᵊ לְ to הָמִ֔ית hāmˈîṯ מות die וּ û וְ and מְלֹ֥א mᵊlˌō מְלֹא fullness הַ ha הַ the חֶ֖בֶל ḥˌevel חֶבֶל cord לְ lᵊ לְ to הַחֲיֹ֑ות haḥᵃyˈôṯ חיה be alive וַ wa וְ and תְּהִ֤י ttᵊhˈî היה be מֹואָב֙ môʔˌāv מֹואָב Moab לְ lᵊ לְ to דָוִ֔ד ḏāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David לַ la לְ to עֲבָדִ֖ים ʕᵃvāḏˌîm עֶבֶד servant נֹשְׂאֵ֥י nōśᵊʔˌê נשׂא lift מִנְחָֽה׃ minḥˈā מִנְחָה present
8:2. et percussit Moab et mensus est eos funiculo coaequans terrae mensus est autem duos funiculos unum ad occidendum et unum ad vivificandum factusque est Moab David serviens sub tributoAnd he defeated Moab, and measured them with a line, casting them down to the earth: and he measured with two lines, one to put to death, and one to save alive: and Moab was made to serve David under tribute.
8:2. And he struck Moab, and he measured them with a line, leveling them to the ground. Now he measured with two lines, one to kill, and one to keep alive. And Moab was made to serve David under tribute.
8:2. And he smote Moab, and measured them with a line, casting them down to the ground; even with two lines measured he to put to death, and with one full line to keep alive. And [so] the Moabites became David’s servants, [and] brought gifts.
2. And he smote Moab, and measured them with the line, making them to lie down on the ground; and he measured two lines to put to death, and one full fine to keep alive. And the Moabites became servants to David, and brought presents.
8:2 And he smote Moab, and measured them with a line, casting them down to the ground; even with two lines measured he to put to death, and with one full line to keep alive. And [so] the Moabites became David' s servants, [and] brought gifts:
8:2 И поразил Моавитян и смерил их веревкою, положив их на землю; и отмерил две веревки на умерщвление, а одну веревку на оставление в живых. И сделались Моавитяне у Давида рабами, платящими дань.
8:2
καὶ και and; even
ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
τὴν ο the
Μωαβ μωαβ and; even
διεμέτρησεν διαμετρεω he; him
ἐν εν in
σχοινίοις σχοινιον cord
κοιμίσας κοιμιζω he; him
ἐπὶ επι in; on
τὴν ο the
γῆν γη earth; land
καὶ και and; even
ἐγένετο γινομαι happen; become
τὰ ο the
δύο δυο two
σχοινίσματα σχοινισμα the
θανατῶσαι θανατοω put to death
καὶ και and; even
τὰ ο the
δύο δυο two
σχοινίσματα σχοινισμα capture
καὶ και and; even
ἐγένετο γινομαι happen; become
Μωαβ μωαβ the
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
εἰς εις into; for
δούλους δουλος subject
φέροντας φερω carry; bring
ξένια ξενιον friendly gifts; tribute
8:2
וַ wa וְ and
יַּ֣ךְ yyˈaḵ נכה strike
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
מֹואָ֗ב môʔˈāv מֹואָב Moab
וַֽ wˈa וְ and
יְמַדְּדֵ֤ם yᵊmaddᵊḏˈēm מדד measure
בַּ ba בְּ in
† הַ the
חֶ֨בֶל֙ ḥˈevel חֶבֶל cord
הַשְׁכֵּ֣ב haškˈēv שׁכב lie down
אֹותָ֣ם ʔôṯˈām אֵת [object marker]
אַ֔רְצָה ʔˈarṣā אֶרֶץ earth
וַ wa וְ and
יְמַדֵּ֤ד yᵊmaddˈēḏ מדד measure
שְׁנֵֽי־ šᵊnˈê- שְׁנַיִם two
חֲבָלִים֙ ḥᵃvālîm חֶבֶל cord
לְ lᵊ לְ to
הָמִ֔ית hāmˈîṯ מות die
וּ û וְ and
מְלֹ֥א mᵊlˌō מְלֹא fullness
הַ ha הַ the
חֶ֖בֶל ḥˌevel חֶבֶל cord
לְ lᵊ לְ to
הַחֲיֹ֑ות haḥᵃyˈôṯ חיה be alive
וַ wa וְ and
תְּהִ֤י ttᵊhˈî היה be
מֹואָב֙ môʔˌāv מֹואָב Moab
לְ lᵊ לְ to
דָוִ֔ד ḏāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
לַ la לְ to
עֲבָדִ֖ים ʕᵃvāḏˌîm עֶבֶד servant
נֹשְׂאֵ֥י nōśᵊʔˌê נשׂא lift
מִנְחָֽה׃ minḥˈā מִנְחָה present
8:2. et percussit Moab et mensus est eos funiculo coaequans terrae mensus est autem duos funiculos unum ad occidendum et unum ad vivificandum factusque est Moab David serviens sub tributo
And he defeated Moab, and measured them with a line, casting them down to the earth: and he measured with two lines, one to put to death, and one to save alive: and Moab was made to serve David under tribute.
8:2. And he struck Moab, and he measured them with a line, leveling them to the ground. Now he measured with two lines, one to kill, and one to keep alive. And Moab was made to serve David under tribute.
8:2. And he smote Moab, and measured them with a line, casting them down to the ground; even with two lines measured he to put to death, and with one full line to keep alive. And [so] the Moabites became David’s servants, [and] brought gifts.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jw▾ jg▾ gnv▾ kad▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ all ▾
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
8:2: And measured them with a line - even with two lines - It has been generally conjectured that David, after he had conquered Moab, consigned two-thirds of the inhabitants to the sword; but I think the text will bear a meaning much more reputable to that king. The first clause of the verse seems to determine the sense; he measured them with a line, casting them down to the ground - to put to death, and with one line to keep alive. Death seems here to be referred to the cities by way of metaphor; and, from this view of the subject we may conclude that two-thirds of the cities, that is, the strong places of Moab, were erased; and not having strong places to trust to, the text adds, So the Moabites became David's servants, and brought gifts, i.e., were obliged to pay tribute. The word line may mean the same here as our rod, i.e., the instrument by which land is measured. There are various opinions on this verse, with which I shall not trouble the reader. Much may be seen in Calmet and Dodd.
2 Kings (2 Samuel) 8:3
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:2: David took great numbers of the Moabites prisoners of war, and made them lie down on the ground, and then divided them by a measuring line into three parts, putting two-thirds to death, and saving alive one-third. The cause of the war with the Moabites, who had been very friendly with David Sa1 22:3-4, and of this severe treatment, is not known. But it seems likely, from the tone of Psa 60:1-12 that David had met with some temporary Rev_erse in his Syrian wars, and that the Moabites and Edomites had treacherously taken advantage of it, and perhaps tried to cut off his retreat.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:2: he smote: Num 24:17; Jdg 3:29, Jdg 3:30; Sa1 14:47; Psa 60:8, Psa 83:6, Psa 108:9
measured: Sa2 12:31
And so: Sa2 8:6, Sa2 8:12-14; Kg2 1:1, Kg2 3:4-27; Ch1 18:2
brought gifts: Sa1 10:27; Ch2 26:8; Psa 72:10, Psa 72:11; Isa 36:16
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

Subjugation of Moab. - "He smote Moab (i.e., the Moabites), and measured them with the line, making them lie down upon the ground, and measured two lines (i.e., two parts) to put to death, and one line full to keep alive." Nothing further is known about either the occasion or the history of this war, with the exception of the cursory notice in 1Chron 11:22, that Benaiah, one of David's heroes, smote two sons of the king of Moab, which no doubt took place in the same war. In the earliest period of his flight from Saul, David had met with a hospitable reception from the king of Moab, and had even taken his parents to him for safety (1Kings 22:3-4). But the Moabites must have very grievously oppressed the Israelites afterwards, that David should have inflicted a severer punishment upon them after their defeat, than upon any other of the nations that he conquered, with the exception of the Ammonites (2Kings 12:31), upon whom he took vengeance for having most shamefully insulted his ambassadors (2Kings 10:2.). The punishment inflicted, however, was of course restricted to the fighting men who had been taken prisoners by the Israelites. They were ordered to lie down in a row upon the earth; and then the row was measured for the purpose of putting two-thirds to death, and leaving one-third alive. The Moabites were then made "servants" to David (i.e., they became his subjects), "bringing gifts" (i.e., paying tribute).
Geneva 1599
And he smote Moab, and measured them with a line, casting them down to the ground; even with (b) two lines measured he to put to death, and with one full line to keep alive. And [so] the Moabites became David's servants, [and] brought gifts.
(b) He slew two parts as it pleased him, and reserved the third.
John Gill
And he smote Moab,.... He next went against that, and invaded it, the people of it being always troublesome and distressing to the children of Israel; and though the king of it had shown some favour to David, yet it was when he considered him as an enemy to Saul, and Saul to him; but things having taken a different turn, his and his people's enmity against David and his people appeared; wherefore he went and fought them, and made them his subjects, whereby was fulfilled the prophecy of Balaam, Num 24:17; as it referred to David:
and measured them with a line: either their country and fields, to distribute among his people, or rather the soldiers he took prisoners; which, as Procopius Gazaeus says, were so numerous that they could not be told, and therefore they were ordered to lie prostrate on the ground, and they were measured with a line, as it follows:
casting them down to the ground; or ordering them to lie down; though some understand this of casting down their cities, towers, and strong holds, and levelling them with the ground:
even with two lines measured he; with one, so it may be supplied, as the Vulgate Latin:
to put to death, and with one full line, to keep alive; that is, in measuring them with his lines, he divided them into two parts, one he put to death, and the other, the full line, which contained the most, he saved alive; though it seems according to our version, and so most understand it, that David slew two thirds, and saved one, and so Josephus (e). This must be understood of the army of the Moabites that fell into his hands, so Josephus, who persisted and refused to submit, not of all the inhabitants of the land. The Jews say (f), that the reason of this severe treatment of them was because they slew the father, and mother and brethren of David, whom he left to the care and custody of the king of Moab, when he fled from Saul, see 1Kings 22:3; since after that they are heard no more of; though it should rather be imputed to their enmity against the people of Israel. The phrase of "meting out the valley of Succoth" seems to be an allusion to this fact, Ps 60:6, the psalm being written on occasion of the victories here related:
and so the Moabites became David's servants; the inhabitants of the land who were left in it, perhaps that part of the soldiers preserved alive were brought home captives:
and brought gifts; paid a yearly tribute to King David, as they afterwards did to Solomon and to Rehoboam, until the revolt of the ten tribes, and then they paid it unto the kings of Israel, to the times of Ahab, see 4Kings 3:4, though these gifts may be distinct from, and besides the tribute paid, which is supposed in their being servants, see 2Chron 17:11. Thus the Arabians (g) carried gifts to the king of Persia besides tribute.
(e) Antiqu. l. 7. c. 5. sect. 1. (f) Bemidbar Rabba, l. 14. fol. 212. 1. (g) Herodot. Thalia, sive, l. 3. c. 97.
John Wesley
Moab - For although the king of Moab, out of hatred to Saul, gave protection to his parents, 1Kings 22:3-4, yet the Moabites were perpetual and sworn enemies to the Israelites, who therefore were forbidden to admit them into the congregation of the Lord. And though God commanded them in their march to Canaan, to spare the Moabites, yet afterwards they proved fierce enemies to God and his people, and thereby provoked God to alter his carriage towards them. Measured them - That is, having conquered the land, he made an estimate of it, and distributed the towns and people into three parts. Casting down - Overthrowing their towns, and utterly destroying their people in manner following. And now that prophecy, Num 24:17, was accomplished.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
he smote Moab, and measured them with a line--This refers to a well-known practice of Eastern kings, to command their prisoners of war, particularly those who, notorious for the atrocity of their crimes or distinguished by the indomitable spirit of their resistance, had greatly incensed the victors, to lie down on the ground. Then a certain portion of them, which was determined by lot, but most commonly by a measuring-line, were put to death. Our version makes him put two-thirds to death, and spare one-third. The Septuagint and Vulgate make one-half. This war usage was not, perhaps, usually practised by the people of God; but Jewish writers assert that the cause of this particular severity against this people was their having massacred David's parents and family, whom he had, during his exile, committed to the king of Moab.
8:38:3: Եւ եհար Դաւիթ զԱդրաազար զորդի Ռովամայ՝ զարքա՛յ Սուբայ, յերթա՛լ նորա արկանել զձեռն իւր ՚ի վերայ գետոյն Եփրատայ.
3 Մովաբացիները Դաւթի հարկատու հպատակները դարձան: Երբ Դաւիթը գնում էր իր իշխանութիւնը Եփրատի վրայ հաստատելու, յարձակուեց Սուբայի արքայի՝ Ռովամի որդի Ադրաազարի վրայ:
3 Դաւիթ Սուբայի թագաւորը, Ռուբին որդին Ադրազարը զարկաւ, երբ Եփրատ գետին վրայ իր իշխանութիւնը հաստատելու* կ’երթար։
Եւ եհար Դաւիթ զԱդրաազար զորդի Ռովամայ` զարքայ Սուբայ, յերթալ նորա արկանել զձեռն իւր ի վերայ գետոյն Եփրատայ:

8:3: Եւ եհար Դաւիթ զԱդրաազար զորդի Ռովամայ՝ զարքա՛յ Սուբայ, յերթա՛լ նորա արկանել զձեռն իւր ՚ի վերայ գետոյն Եփրատայ.
3 Մովաբացիները Դաւթի հարկատու հպատակները դարձան: Երբ Դաւիթը գնում էր իր իշխանութիւնը Եփրատի վրայ հաստատելու, յարձակուեց Սուբայի արքայի՝ Ռովամի որդի Ադրաազարի վրայ:
3 Դաւիթ Սուբայի թագաւորը, Ռուբին որդին Ադրազարը զարկաւ, երբ Եփրատ գետին վրայ իր իշխանութիւնը հաստատելու* կ’երթար։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:38:3 И поразил Давид Адраазара, сына Реховова, царя Сувского, когда тот шел, чтоб восстановить свое владычество при реке [Евфрате];
8:3 καὶ και and; even ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith τὸν ο the Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ son Ρααβ ρααβ Rahab βασιλέα βασιλευς monarch; king Σουβα σουβα travel; go αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him ἐπιστῆσαι εφιστημι stand over / by; get attention τὴν ο the χεῖρα χειρ hand αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him ἐπὶ επι in; on τὸν ο the ποταμὸν ποταμος river Εὐφράτην ευφρατης Euphratēs; Effratis
8:3 וַ wa וְ and יַּ֣ךְ yyˈaḵ נכה strike דָּוִ֔ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר hᵃḏaḏʕˌezer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son רְחֹ֖ב rᵊḥˌōv רְחֹב Rehob מֶ֣לֶךְ mˈeleḵ מֶלֶךְ king צֹובָ֑ה ṣôvˈā צֹובָא Zobah בְּ bᵊ בְּ in לֶכְתֹּ֕ו leḵtˈô הלך walk לְ lᵊ לְ to הָשִׁ֥יב hāšˌîv שׁוב return יָדֹ֖ו yāḏˌô יָד hand בִּֽ bˈi בְּ in נְהַר־ nᵊhar- נָהָר stream פְּרָֽת† *pᵊrˈāṯ פְּרָת Euphrates
8:3. et percussit David Adadezer filium Roob regem Soba quando profectus est ut dominaretur super flumen EufratenDavid defeated also Adarezer the son of Rohob king of Soba, when he went to extend his dominion over the river Euphrates.
8:3. And David struck Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, the king of Zobah, when he set out to rule over the river Euphrates.
8:3. David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates.
3. David smote also Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his dominion at the River.
8:3 David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates:
8:3 И поразил Давид Адраазара, сына Реховова, царя Сувского, когда тот шел, чтоб восстановить свое владычество при реке [Евфрате];
8:3
καὶ και and; even
ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
τὸν ο the
Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ son
Ρααβ ρααβ Rahab
βασιλέα βασιλευς monarch; king
Σουβα σουβα travel; go
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
ἐπιστῆσαι εφιστημι stand over / by; get attention
τὴν ο the
χεῖρα χειρ hand
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
ἐπὶ επι in; on
τὸν ο the
ποταμὸν ποταμος river
Εὐφράτην ευφρατης Euphratēs; Effratis
8:3
וַ wa וְ and
יַּ֣ךְ yyˈaḵ נכה strike
דָּוִ֔ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר hᵃḏaḏʕˌezer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer
בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son
רְחֹ֖ב rᵊḥˌōv רְחֹב Rehob
מֶ֣לֶךְ mˈeleḵ מֶלֶךְ king
צֹובָ֑ה ṣôvˈā צֹובָא Zobah
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
לֶכְתֹּ֕ו leḵtˈô הלך walk
לְ lᵊ לְ to
הָשִׁ֥יב hāšˌîv שׁוב return
יָדֹ֖ו yāḏˌô יָד hand
בִּֽ bˈi בְּ in
נְהַר־ nᵊhar- נָהָר stream
פְּרָֽת†
*pᵊrˈāṯ פְּרָת Euphrates
8:3. et percussit David Adadezer filium Roob regem Soba quando profectus est ut dominaretur super flumen Eufraten
David defeated also Adarezer the son of Rohob king of Soba, when he went to extend his dominion over the river Euphrates.
8:3. And David struck Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, the king of Zobah, when he set out to rule over the river Euphrates.
8:3. David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jw▾ jg▾ kad▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
3: Местоположение Сувского царства относят к северо-востоку от Дамаска, между реками Оронтом и Евфратом.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
8:3: David smote - Hadadezer - He is supposed to have been king of all Syria, except Phoenicia; and, wishing to extend his dominions to the Euphrates, invaded a part of David's dominions which lay contiguous to it; but being attacked by David, he was totally routed.
2 Kings (2 Samuel) 8:4
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:3: Hadadezer - Not (see the margin) Hadarezer. Hadadezer, is the true form, as seen in the names Benhadad, Hadad (Kg1 15:18, etc.; Kg1 11:14, etc.). Hadad was the chief idol, or sun-god, of the Syrians.
To recover his border - literally, to cause his hand to return. The phrase is used sometimes literally, as e. g. Exo 4:7; Kg1 13:4; Pro 19:24; and sometimes figuratively, as Isa 1:25; Isa 14:27; Amo 1:8; Psa 74:11. The exact force of the metaphor must in each case be decided by the context. If, as is most probable, this verse relates to the circumstances more fully detailed in Sa2 10:15-19, the meaning of the phrase here will be when he (Hadadezer) went to renew his attack (upon Israel), or to recruit his strength against Israel, at the river Euphrates.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:3: Hadadezer: Ch1 18:3, Hadarezer
Zobah: Sa2 10:6; Sa1 14:47; Kg1 11:23, Kg1 11:24; Psa 60:1 *title
at the river: Gen 15:18; Exo 23:31; Deu 11:24; Kg1 4:21; Psa 72:8
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

Conquest and Subjugation of the King of Zobah, and of the Damascene Syrians. - 2Kings 8:3. The situation of Zobah cannot be determined. The view held by the Syrian church historians, and defended by Michaelis, viz., that Zobah was the ancient Nisibis in northern Mesopotamia, has no more foundation to rest upon than that of certain Jewish writers who suppose it to have been Aleppo, the present Haleb. Aleppo is too far north for Zobah, and Nisibis is quite out of the range of the towns and tribes in connection with which the name of Zobah occurs. In 1Kings 14:47, compared with 2Kings 8:12 of this chapter, Zobah, or Aram Zobah as it is called in 2Kings 10:6 and Ps 60:2, is mentioned along with Ammon, Moab, and Edom, as a neighbouring tribe and kingdom to the Israelites; and, according to 2Kings 8:3, 2Kings 8:5, and 2Kings 8:9 of the present chapter, it is to be sought for in the vicinity of Damascus and Hamath towards the Euphrates. These data point to a situation to the north-east of Damascus and south of Hamath, between the Orontes and Euphrates, and in fact extending as far as the latter according to 2Kings 8:3, whilst, according to 2Kings 10:16, it even reached beyond it with its vassal-chiefs into Mesopotamia itself. Ewald (Gesch. iii. p. 195) has therefore combined Zobah, which was no doubt the capital, and gave its name to the kingdom, with the Sabe mentioned in Ptol. v. 19, - a town in the same latitude as Damascus, and farther east towards the Euphrates. The king of Zobah at the time referred to is called Hadadezer in the text (i.e., whose help is Hadad); but in 2Kings 10:16-19 and throughout the Chronicles he is called Hadarezer. The first is the original form; for Hadad, the name of the sun-god of the Syrians, is met with in several other instances in Syrian names (vid., Movers, Phnizier). David smote this king "as he was going to restore his strength at the river (Euphrates)." ידו השׁיב does not mean to turn his hand, but signifies to return his hand, to stretch it out again over or against any one, in all the passage in which the expression occurs. It is therefore to be taken in a derivative sense in the passage before us, and signifying to restore or re-establish his sway. The expression used in the Chronicles (2Kings 8:3), ידו הצּיב, has just the same meaning, since establishing or making fast presupposes a previous weakening or dissolution. Hence the subject of the sentence "as he went," etc., must be Hadadezer and not David; for David could not have extended his power to the Euphrates before the defeat of Hadadezer. The Masoretes have interpolated P'rath (Euphrates) after "the river," as in the text of the Chronicles. This is correct enough so far as the sense is concerned, but it is by no means necessary, as the nahar (the river κ. ἐξ.) is quite sufficient of itself to indicate the Euphrates.
There is also a war between David and Hadadezer and other kings of Syria mentioned in 2 Samuel 10; and the commentators all admit that that war, in which David defeated these kings when they came to the help of the Ammonites, is connected with the war mentioned in the present chapter. But the connection is generally supposed to be this, that the first of David's Aramaean wars is given in 2 Samuel 8, the second in 2 Samuel 10; for no other reason, however, than because 2 Samuel 10 stands after 2 Samuel 8. This view is decidedly an erroneous one. According to the chapter before us, the war mentioned there terminated in the complete subjugation of the Aramaean kings and kingdoms. Aram became subject to David, paying tribute (2Kings 8:6). Now, though the revolt of subjugated nations from their conquerors is by no means a rare thing in history, and therefore it is perfectly conceivable in itself that the Aramaeans should have fallen away from David when he was involved in the war with the Ammonites, and should have gone to the help of the Ammonites, such an assumption is precluded by the fact that there is nothing in 2 Samuel 10 about any falling away or revolt of the Aramaeans from David; but, on the contrary, these tribes appear to be still entirely independent of David, and to be hired by the Ammonites to fight against him. But what is absolutely decisive against this assumption, is the fact that the number of Aramaeans killed in the two wars is precisely the same (compare 2Kings 8:4 with 2Kings 10:18): so that it may safely be inferred, not only that the war mentioned in 2 Samuel 10, in which the Aramaeans who had come to the help of the Ammonites were smitten by David, was the very same as the Aramaean war mentioned in 2 Samuel 8, but of which the result only is given; but also that all the wars which David waged with the Aramaeans, like his war with Edom (2Kings 8:13.), arose out of the Ammonitish war (2 Samuel 10), and the fact that the Ammonites enlisted the help of the kings of Aram against David (2Kings 10:6). We also obtain from 2 Samuel 10 an explanation of the expression "as he went to restore his power (Eng. Ver. 'recover his border') at the river," since it is stated there that Hadadezer was defeated by Joab the first time, and that, after sustaining this defeat, he called the Aramaeans on the other side of the Euphrates to his assistance, that he might continue the war against Israel with renewed vigour (2Kings 10:13, 2Kings 10:15.). The power of Hadadezer had no doubt been crippled by his first defeat; and in order to restore it, he procured auxiliary troops from Mesopotamia with which to attack David, but he was defeated a second time, and obliged to submit to him (2Kings 10:17-18). In this second engagement "David took from him (i.e., captured) seventeen hundred horse-soldiers and twenty thousand foot" (2Kings 8:4, compare 2Kings 10:18). This decisive battle took place, according to 1Chron 18:3, in the neighbourhood of Hamath, i.e., Epiphania on the Orontes (see at Num 13:21, and Gen 10:18), or, according to 2Kings 10:18 of this book, at Helam, - a difference which may easily be reconciled by the simple assumption that the unknown Helam was somewhere near to Hamath. Instead of 1700 horse-soldiers, we find in the Chronicles (1Chron 18:4) 1000 chariots and 7000 horsemen. Consequently the word receb has no doubt dropped out after אלף in the text before us, and the numeral denoting a thousand has been confounded with the one used to denote a hundred; for in the plains of Syria seven thousand horsemen would be a much juster proportion to twenty thousand foot than seventeen hundred. (For further remarks, see at 2Kings 10:18.) "And David lamed all the cavalry," i.e., he made the war-chariots and cavalry perfectly useless by laming the horses (see at Josh 11:6, Josh 11:9), - "and only left a hundred horses." The word receb in these clauses signifies the war-horses generally, - not merely the carriage-horses, but the riding-horses as well, - as the meaning cavalry is placed beyond all doubt by Is 21:7, and it can hardly be imagined that David would have spared the riding-horses.
John Gill
And David also smote Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah,.... Called sometimes Aramzobah, and was a part of Syria, as its name shows. Benjamin, of Tudela (h) takes it to be the same with Haleb or Aleppo; Josephus (i) calls it Sophene; but that is placed by Ptolemy (k) beyond the Euphrates; whereas this country must be between that river and the land of Israel, and was contiguous to it, and near Damascus; and it was so near the land of Israel, and being conquered by David, that it became a controversy with the Jews, whether it was not to be reckoned part of it, and in several things they allow it to be equal to it (l). Rehob was the first king of this part of Syria, and then his son the second and last; he is called Hadarezer in 1Chron 18:3; the letters "D" and "R", being frequently changed in the Hebrew tongue: him David fought with, and overcame:
as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates; which some understand of Hadadezer, so Jarchi and Kimchi, who attempted to recover part of his dominions that had been taken by some one or another from him, which lay upon the river Euphrates; or he endeavoured to enlarge his dominions, and carry them as far as the river, and establish the borders of them; and while he was doing this, or attempting it, David fell upon him, and routed him; or rather this refers to David, who considering that the ancient border of the land of Israel, as given to Abraham, reached to the river Euphrates, Gen 15:18; he set out on an expedition to recover this border, and whereas the country of this king lay in his way, he invaded that; upon which Hadadezer rose up against him, and was conquered by him, and by this means the border was recovered to the kingdom of Israel, and reached so far, as is plain it did in Solomon's time, 3Kings 4:21.
(h) Itinerar. p. 59. (i) Ut supra. (Antiqu. l. 7. c. 5. sect. 1.) (k) Geograph. l. 5. c. 13. (l) T. Bab. Gittin, fol. 8. 1. 2. Misn. Demai, c. 6. sect. 11. & Maimon. & Bartenora in ib.
John Wesley
As he went - David, remembering the grant which God had made to his people of all the land as far as Euphrates, and having subdued his neighbouring enemies, went to recover his rights, and stablish his dominion as far as Euphrates.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
HE SMITES HADADEZER AND THE SYRIANS. (2Kings 8:3-14)
Zobah-- (1Chron 18:3). This kingdom was bounded on the east by the Euphrates, and it extended westward from that river, perhaps as far north as Aleppo. It was long the chief among the petty kingdoms of Syria, and its king bore the hereditary title of "Hadadezer" or "Hadarezer" ("Hadad," that is, "helped").
as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates--in accordance with the promises God made to Israel that He would give them all the country as far as the Euphrates (Gen 15:18; Num 24:17). In the first campaign David signally defeated Hadadezer. Besides a great number of foot prisoners, he took from him an immense amount of booty in chariots and horses. Reserving only a small number of the latter, he hamstrung the rest. The horses were thus mutilated because they were forbidden to the Hebrews, both in war and agriculture. So it was of no use to keep them. Besides, their neighbors placed much dependence on cavalry, but having, for want of a native breed, to procure them by purchase, the greatest damage that could be done to such enemies was to render their horses unserviceable in war. (See also Gen 46:6; Josh 11:6, Josh 11:9). A king of Damascene-Syria came to Hadadezer's succor; but David routed those auxiliary forces also, took possession of their country, put garrisons into their fortified towns, and made them tributary.
8:48:4: եւ ա՛ռ զնորա Դաւիթ հազա՛ր կառս, եւ ե՛ւթն հազար հեծելոց, եւ քսան հազար հետեւակաց. եւ քակեաց Դաւիթ զամենայն կառսն, եւ եթո՛ղ իւր ՚ի նոցանէ հարիւր կառս։
4 Դաւիթը նրանից հազար մարտակառք, եօթը հազար հեծեալ ու քսան հազար հետեւակ գերի վերցրեց: Դաւիթը բոլոր մարտակառքերը քանդեց՝ իր համար թողնելով միայն հարիւր մարտակառք:
4 Դաւիթ անկէ հազար եօթը հարիւր ձիաւոր ու քսան հազար հետեւակ զօրք բռնեց։ Դաւիթ բոլոր կառքի ձիերուն ջիղերը կտրեց ու անոնցմէ միայն հարիւր ձի իրեն համար պահեց*։
Եւ առ զնորա Դաւիթ հազար [105]կառս, եւ եւթն հազար`` հեծելոց, եւ քսան հազար հետեւակաց. եւ քակեաց Դաւիթ զամենայն կառսն, եւ եթող իւր ի նոցանէ հարեւր կառս:

8:4: եւ ա՛ռ զնորա Դաւիթ հազա՛ր կառս, եւ ե՛ւթն հազար հեծելոց, եւ քսան հազար հետեւակաց. եւ քակեաց Դաւիթ զամենայն կառսն, եւ եթո՛ղ իւր ՚ի նոցանէ հարիւր կառս։
4 Դաւիթը նրանից հազար մարտակառք, եօթը հազար հեծեալ ու քսան հազար հետեւակ գերի վերցրեց: Դաւիթը բոլոր մարտակառքերը քանդեց՝ իր համար թողնելով միայն հարիւր մարտակառք:
4 Դաւիթ անկէ հազար եօթը հարիւր ձիաւոր ու քսան հազար հետեւակ զօրք բռնեց։ Դաւիթ բոլոր կառքի ձիերուն ջիղերը կտրեց ու անոնցմէ միայն հարիւր ձի իրեն համար պահեց*։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:48:4 и взял Давид у него тысячу семьсот всадников ns{В греческом переводе: тысячу колесниц и семь тысяч всадников.} и двадцать тысяч человек пеших, и подрезал Давид жилы у всех коней колесничных, оставив [себе] из них для ста колесниц.
8:4 καὶ και and; even προκατελάβετο προκαταλαμβανω Dabid; Thavith τῶν ο the αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him χίλια χιλιοι thousand ἅρματα αρμα chariot καὶ και and; even ἑπτὰ επτα seven χιλιάδας χιλιας thousand ἱππέων ιππευς cavalry; rider καὶ και and; even εἴκοσι εικοσι twenty χιλιάδας χιλιας thousand ἀνδρῶν ανηρ man; husband πεζῶν πεζος and; even παρέλυσεν παραλυω paralyze Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith πάντα πας all; every τὰ ο the ἅρματα αρμα chariot καὶ και and; even ὑπελίπετο υπολειπω leave below / behind ἐξ εκ from; out of αὐτῶν αυτος he; him ἑκατὸν εκατον hundred ἅρματα αρμα chariot
8:4 וַ wa וְ and יִּלְכֹּ֨ד yyilkˌōḏ לכד seize דָּוִ֜ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David מִמֶּ֗נּוּ mimmˈennû מִן from אֶ֤לֶף ʔˈelef אֶלֶף thousand וּ û וְ and שְׁבַע־ šᵊvaʕ- שֶׁבַע seven מֵאֹות֙ mēʔôṯ מֵאָה hundred פָּרָשִׁ֔ים pārāšˈîm פָּרָשׁ horseman וְ wᵊ וְ and עֶשְׂרִ֥ים ʕeśrˌîm עֶשְׂרִים twenty אֶ֖לֶף ʔˌelef אֶלֶף thousand אִ֣ישׁ ʔˈîš אִישׁ man רַגְלִ֑י raḡlˈî רַגְלִי on foot וַ wa וְ and יְעַקֵּ֤ר yᵊʕaqqˈēr עקר root up דָּוִד֙ dāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] כָּל־ kol- כֹּל whole הָ hā הַ the רֶ֔כֶב rˈeḵev רֶכֶב chariot וַ wa וְ and יֹּותֵ֥ר yyôṯˌēr יתר remain מִמֶּ֖נּוּ mimmˌennû מִן from מֵ֥אָה mˌēʔā מֵאָה hundred רָֽכֶב׃ rˈāḵev רֶכֶב chariot
8:4. et captis David ex parte eius mille septingentis equitibus et viginti milibus peditum subnervavit omnes iugales curruum dereliquit autem ex eis centum currusAnd David took from him a thousand and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen, and houghed all the chariot horses: and only reserved of them for one hundred chariots.
8:4. And from his troops, David seized one thousand seven hundred horsemen and twenty thousand foot soldiers. And he cut the sinew of the leg in all the chariot horses. But he left aside enough of them for one hundred chariots.
8:4. And David took from him a thousand [chariots], and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: and David houghed all the chariot [horses], but reserved of them [for] an hundred chariots.
4. And David took from him a thousand and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: and David houghed all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for an hundred chariots.
8:4 And David took from him a thousand [chariots], and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: and David houghed all the chariot [horses], but reserved of them [for] an hundred chariots:
8:4 и взял Давид у него тысячу семьсот всадников ns{В греческом переводе: тысячу колесниц и семь тысяч всадников.} и двадцать тысяч человек пеших, и подрезал Давид жилы у всех коней колесничных, оставив [себе] из них для ста колесниц.
8:4
καὶ και and; even
προκατελάβετο προκαταλαμβανω Dabid; Thavith
τῶν ο the
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
χίλια χιλιοι thousand
ἅρματα αρμα chariot
καὶ και and; even
ἑπτὰ επτα seven
χιλιάδας χιλιας thousand
ἱππέων ιππευς cavalry; rider
καὶ και and; even
εἴκοσι εικοσι twenty
χιλιάδας χιλιας thousand
ἀνδρῶν ανηρ man; husband
πεζῶν πεζος and; even
παρέλυσεν παραλυω paralyze
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
πάντα πας all; every
τὰ ο the
ἅρματα αρμα chariot
καὶ και and; even
ὑπελίπετο υπολειπω leave below / behind
ἐξ εκ from; out of
αὐτῶν αυτος he; him
ἑκατὸν εκατον hundred
ἅρματα αρμα chariot
8:4
וַ wa וְ and
יִּלְכֹּ֨ד yyilkˌōḏ לכד seize
דָּוִ֜ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
מִמֶּ֗נּוּ mimmˈennû מִן from
אֶ֤לֶף ʔˈelef אֶלֶף thousand
וּ û וְ and
שְׁבַע־ šᵊvaʕ- שֶׁבַע seven
מֵאֹות֙ mēʔôṯ מֵאָה hundred
פָּרָשִׁ֔ים pārāšˈîm פָּרָשׁ horseman
וְ wᵊ וְ and
עֶשְׂרִ֥ים ʕeśrˌîm עֶשְׂרִים twenty
אֶ֖לֶף ʔˌelef אֶלֶף thousand
אִ֣ישׁ ʔˈîš אִישׁ man
רַגְלִ֑י raḡlˈî רַגְלִי on foot
וַ wa וְ and
יְעַקֵּ֤ר yᵊʕaqqˈēr עקר root up
דָּוִד֙ dāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
כָּל־ kol- כֹּל whole
הָ hā הַ the
רֶ֔כֶב rˈeḵev רֶכֶב chariot
וַ wa וְ and
יֹּותֵ֥ר yyôṯˌēr יתר remain
מִמֶּ֖נּוּ mimmˌennû מִן from
מֵ֥אָה mˌēʔā מֵאָה hundred
רָֽכֶב׃ rˈāḵev רֶכֶב chariot
8:4. et captis David ex parte eius mille septingentis equitibus et viginti milibus peditum subnervavit omnes iugales curruum dereliquit autem ex eis centum currus
And David took from him a thousand and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen, and houghed all the chariot horses: and only reserved of them for one hundred chariots.
8:4. And from his troops, David seized one thousand seven hundred horsemen and twenty thousand foot soldiers. And he cut the sinew of the leg in all the chariot horses. But he left aside enough of them for one hundred chariots.
8:4. And David took from him a thousand [chariots], and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: and David houghed all the chariot [horses], but reserved of them [for] an hundred chariots.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jw▾ jg▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ all ▾
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
8:4: A thousand chariots - It is strange that there were a thousand chariots, and only seven hundred horsemen taken, and twenty thousand foot. But as the discomfiture appears complete, we may suppose that the chariots, being less manageable, might be more easily taken, while the horsemen might, in general, make their escape. The infantry also seem to have been surrounded, when twenty thousand of them were taken prisoners.
David houghed all the chariot horses - If he did so, it was both unreasonable and inhuman; for, as he had so complete a victory, there was no danger of these horses falling into the enemy's hands; and if he did not choose to keep them, which indeed the law would not permit, he should have killed them outright; and then the poor innocent creatures would have been put out of pain. But does the text speak of houghing horses at all? It does not. Let us hear; ויעקר דוד את כל הרכב vayeakker David eth col harecheb, And David disjointed all the chariots, except a hundred chariots which he reserved for himself. Now, this destruction of the chariots, was a matter of sound policy, and strict piety. God had censured those who trusted in chariots; piety therefore forbade David the use of them: and lest they should fall into the enemy's hands, and be again used against him, policy induced him to destroy them. The Septuagint render the words nearly as I have done, και παρελυσε Δαυιδ παντα τα ἁρματα.
He kept however one hundred; probably as a sort of baggage or forage wagons.
2 Kings (2 Samuel) 8:6
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:4: Seven hundred horsemen - It should be seven thousand, as in Ch1 18:4.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:4: from him: or, of his
chariots: As Ch1 18:4 seven hundred. In the parallel place in Chronicles it is "seven thousand horsemen, a far more probable number. The letter ז, zayin, with a dot upon it stands for seven thousand, and the final letter ן, noon, for seven hundred. The great similarity of these letters might easily cause the one to be mistaken for the other, and so produce an error in this place. David houghed, Deu 17:16; Jos 11:6, Jos 11:9; Psa 20:7, Psa 33:16, Psa 33:17
reserved: Kg1 10:26
John Gill
And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven hundred horsemen,.... "Chariots" are not in the text here, it is only 1700 "horsemen"; but it is supplied from 1Chron 18:4; where the word is expressly mentioned, and there the horsemen are said to be seven thousand as in the Septuagint version here, and in Josephus (m); which may be reconciled by observing, with Kimchi and Abarbinel, that here the chief officers are meant, there all the chariots and horsemen that were under their command are mentioned, which together made up that large number; or else here are meant the ranks and companies of horse David took, which were seven hundred; and these having ten in a company or rank, made seven thousand; and there the complement of soldiers in those companies and ranks are intended:
and twenty thousand footmen; the same as in 1Chron 18:4; and so in Josephus (n):
and David houghed all the chariot horses; or hamstrung them, as Joshua was ordered to do with respect to the Canaanites, Josh 11:6; he did not kill them, which might seem cruel and unmerciful to the brute creatures, but hamstrung them, that they might be useless for war; and the reason of it was, that horses might not be multiplied in Israel for that purpose, that so their trust and confidence might not be placed in them; see Deut 17:16,
but reserved of them for an hundred chariots; for his own use, not for war, but for grandeur; which accounts in some measure for the number of chariots and horses Solomon had, 3Kings 4:26; the number of horses reserved is supposed to be four hundred, four horses being used in a chariot, which Jarchi gathers from 2Chron 1:17.
(m) Ut supra. (Antiqu. l. 7. c. 5. sect. 1.) (n) Ut supra. (Antiqu. l. 7. c. 5. sect. 1.)
John Wesley
Seven hundred - Or, seven hundred companies of horsemen, that is, in all seven thousand; as it is 1Chron 18:4, there being ten in each company, and each ten having a ruler or captain. Houghed - - That is, cut the sinews of their legs, that they might be useless for war.
8:58:5: Եւ գա՛յր Ասորին ՚ի Դամասկոսէ օգնել Ադրաազարայ արքայի Սուբայ. եւ եհար Դաւիթ յԱսորւոցն քսան եւ երկու հազարս արանց.
5 Դամասկոսից եկան ասորիները, որ օգնեն Սուբայի արքայ Ադրաազարին, բայց Դաւիթը ասորիներից քսաներկու հազար մարդ կոտորեց:
5 Դամասկոսի Ասորիները Սուբայի թագաւորին Ադրազարին օգնութիւն ընելու եկան։ Դաւիթ Ասորիներէն քսանըերկու հազար մարդ զարկաւ։
Եւ գայր Ասորին ի Դամասկոսէ օգնել Ադրաազարայ արքայի Սուբայ. եւ եհար Դաւիթ յԱսորւոցն քսան եւ երկու հազարս արանց:

8:5: Եւ գա՛յր Ասորին ՚ի Դամասկոսէ օգնել Ադրաազարայ արքայի Սուբայ. եւ եհար Դաւիթ յԱսորւոցն քսան եւ երկու հազարս արանց.
5 Դամասկոսից եկան ասորիները, որ օգնեն Սուբայի արքայ Ադրաազարին, բայց Դաւիթը ասորիներից քսաներկու հազար մարդ կոտորեց:
5 Դամասկոսի Ասորիները Սուբայի թագաւորին Ադրազարին օգնութիւն ընելու եկան։ Դաւիթ Ասորիներէն քսանըերկու հազար մարդ զարկաւ։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:58:5 И пришли Сирийцы Дамасские на помощь к Адраазару, царю Сувскому; но Давид поразил двадцать две тысячи человек Сирийцев.
8:5 καὶ και and; even παραγίνεται παραγινομαι happen by; come by / to / along Συρία συρια Syria; Siria Δαμασκοῦ δαμασκος Damaskos; Thamaskos βοηθῆσαι βοηθεω help τῷ ο the Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ monarch; king Σουβα σουβα and; even ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith ἐν εν in τῷ ο the Σύρῳ συρος Syros; Siros εἴκοσι εικοσι twenty δύο δυο two χιλιάδας χιλιας thousand ἀνδρῶν ανηρ man; husband
8:5 וַ wa וְ and תָּבֹא֙ ttāvˌō בוא come אֲרַ֣ם ʔᵃrˈam אֲרָם Aram דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק dammˈeśeq דַּמֶּשֶׂק Damascus לַ la לְ to עְזֹ֕ר ʕᵊzˈōr עזר help לַ la לְ to הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר hᵃḏaḏʕˌezer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer מֶ֣לֶךְ mˈeleḵ מֶלֶךְ king צֹובָ֑ה ṣôvˈā צֹובָא Zobah וַ wa וְ and יַּ֤ךְ yyˈaḵ נכה strike דָּוִד֙ dāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David בַּֽ bˈa בְּ in אֲרָ֔ם ʔᵃrˈām אֲרָם Aram עֶשְׂרִֽים־ ʕeśrˈîm- עֶשְׂרִים twenty וּ û וְ and שְׁנַ֥יִם šᵊnˌayim שְׁנַיִם two אֶ֖לֶף ʔˌelef אֶלֶף thousand אִֽישׁ׃ ʔˈîš אִישׁ man
8:5. venit quoque Syria Damasci ut praesidium ferret Adadezer regi Soba et percussit David de Syria viginti duo milia virorumAnd the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Adarezer the king of Soba: and David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
8:5. And the Syrians of Damascus arrived, so that they might bring reinforcements to Hadadezer, the king of Zobah. And David struck down twenty-two thousand men of the Syrians.
8:5. And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Hadadezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
5. And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Hadadezer king of Zobah, David smote of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
8:5 And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Hadadezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men:
8:5 И пришли Сирийцы Дамасские на помощь к Адраазару, царю Сувскому; но Давид поразил двадцать две тысячи человек Сирийцев.
8:5
καὶ και and; even
παραγίνεται παραγινομαι happen by; come by / to / along
Συρία συρια Syria; Siria
Δαμασκοῦ δαμασκος Damaskos; Thamaskos
βοηθῆσαι βοηθεω help
τῷ ο the
Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ monarch; king
Σουβα σουβα and; even
ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
ἐν εν in
τῷ ο the
Σύρῳ συρος Syros; Siros
εἴκοσι εικοσι twenty
δύο δυο two
χιλιάδας χιλιας thousand
ἀνδρῶν ανηρ man; husband
8:5
וַ wa וְ and
תָּבֹא֙ ttāvˌō בוא come
אֲרַ֣ם ʔᵃrˈam אֲרָם Aram
דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק dammˈeśeq דַּמֶּשֶׂק Damascus
לַ la לְ to
עְזֹ֕ר ʕᵊzˈōr עזר help
לַ la לְ to
הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר hᵃḏaḏʕˌezer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer
מֶ֣לֶךְ mˈeleḵ מֶלֶךְ king
צֹובָ֑ה ṣôvˈā צֹובָא Zobah
וַ wa וְ and
יַּ֤ךְ yyˈaḵ נכה strike
דָּוִד֙ dāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David
בַּֽ bˈa בְּ in
אֲרָ֔ם ʔᵃrˈām אֲרָם Aram
עֶשְׂרִֽים־ ʕeśrˈîm- עֶשְׂרִים twenty
וּ û וְ and
שְׁנַ֥יִם šᵊnˌayim שְׁנַיִם two
אֶ֖לֶף ʔˌelef אֶלֶף thousand
אִֽישׁ׃ ʔˈîš אִישׁ man
8:5. venit quoque Syria Damasci ut praesidium ferret Adadezer regi Soba et percussit David de Syria viginti duo milia virorum
And the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Adarezer the king of Soba: and David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
8:5. And the Syrians of Damascus arrived, so that they might bring reinforcements to Hadadezer, the king of Zobah. And David struck down twenty-two thousand men of the Syrians.
8:5. And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Hadadezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jw▾ jg▾ kad▾ tr▾ ab▾ all ▾
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:5: Syrians of Damascus - The Syrians (Aram), whose capital was Damascus, were the best known and most powerful. Damascus (written Darmesek in marginal references, according to the late Aramean orthography) is first mentioned in Gen 15:2. According to Nicolaus of Damascus, cited by Josephus, the Syrian king's name was Hadad.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:5: And when: Kg1 11:23-25; Ch1 18:5, Ch1 18:6; Isa 7:8
came: Job 9:13; Psa 83:4-8; Isa 8:9, Isa 8:10, Isa 31:3
Zobah: From Ch2 8:3, we learn that Zobah was the district in which Tadmor or Palymyra was situated; and consequently lay between the land of Israel and the Euphrates. The capital was probably the same as the Sabe mentioned by Ptolemy as a city of Arabia Deserta.
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

After destroying the main force of Hadadezer, David turned against his ally, against Aram-Damascus, i.e., the Aramaeans, whose capital was Damascus. Dammesek (for which we have Darmesek in the Chronicles according to its Aramaean form), Damascus, a very ancient and still a very important city of Syria, standing upon the Chrysorrhoas (Pharpar), which flows through the centre of it. It is situated in the midst of paradisaical scenery, on the eastern side of the Antilibanus, on the road which unites Western Asia with the interior. David smote 22,000 Syrians of Damascus, placed garrisons in the kingdom, and made it subject and tributary. נציבים are not governors of officers, but military posts, garrisons, as in 1Kings 10:5; 1Kings 13:3.
John Gill
And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Hadadezer king of Zobah,.... These seem to have had no king at this time, or, if they had, Hadadezer was their king, which is not improbable; and Nicholas of Damascus (o); an Heathen writer, is clear for it, whom he calls Adad, who, he says, reigned over Damascus, and the other Syria without Phoenicia, who made war with David king of Judea, and was routed by him at Euphrates: and he seems to be the first king of Damascus, which he joined to the kingdom of Zobah, and all the kings of Damascus afterwards were called by the same name; though Josephus (p), who also speaks of Adad being king of Damascus and of the Syrians, yet makes him different from this Hadadezer, to whose assistance he says he came:
David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men; that is, of the Syrians of Damascus.
(o) Apud Joseph. ib. (l. 7. c. 5.) sect. 2. (p) Ibid.
John Wesley
Of Damascus - That is, who were subject to Damascus, the chief city of Syria.
8:68:6: եւ եդ Դաւիթ պահակս յԱսորիս հանդէ՛պ Դամասկոսի. եւ եղեն Ասորիք Դաւթի ՚ի ծառայս պատարագաբե՛րս. եւ փրկեաց Տէր զԴաւիթ ամենայն ուրեք ուր եւ երթայր։
6 Դաւիթը Ասորիքում, Դամասկոսի մօտ բերդապահ զօրքեր դրեց, եւ ասորիները Դաւթի հարկատու ծառաները դարձան: Տէրը հովանաւորում էր Դաւթին ամենուրեք, ուր էլ որ նա գնում էր:
6 Դաւիթ Դամասկոսի Ասորիներուն մէջ բերդապահ զօրքեր դրաւ ու Ասորիները Դաւիթին հարկատու ծառաներ եղան։ Դաւիթ ուր որ կ’երթար՝ Տէրը անոր յաջողութիւն կու տար։
Եւ եդ Դաւիթ պահակս յԱսորիս հանդէպ Դամասկոսի. եւ եղեն Ասորիք Դաւթի ի ծառայս պատարագաբերս. եւ փրկեաց Տէր զԴաւիթ ամենայն ուրեք ուր եւ երթայր:

8:6: եւ եդ Դաւիթ պահակս յԱսորիս հանդէ՛պ Դամասկոսի. եւ եղեն Ասորիք Դաւթի ՚ի ծառայս պատարագաբե՛րս. եւ փրկեաց Տէր զԴաւիթ ամենայն ուրեք ուր եւ երթայր։
6 Դաւիթը Ասորիքում, Դամասկոսի մօտ բերդապահ զօրքեր դրեց, եւ ասորիները Դաւթի հարկատու ծառաները դարձան: Տէրը հովանաւորում էր Դաւթին ամենուրեք, ուր էլ որ նա գնում էր:
6 Դաւիթ Դամասկոսի Ասորիներուն մէջ բերդապահ զօրքեր դրաւ ու Ասորիները Դաւիթին հարկատու ծառաներ եղան։ Դաւիթ ուր որ կ’երթար՝ Տէրը անոր յաջողութիւն կու տար։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:68:6 И поставил Давид охранные войска в Сирии Дамасской, и стали Сирийцы у Давида рабами, платящими дань. И хранил Господь Давида везде, куда он ни ходил.
8:6 καὶ και and; even ἔθετο τιθημι put; make Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith φρουρὰν φρουρα in Συρίᾳ συρια Syria; Siria τῇ ο the κατὰ κατα down; by Δαμασκόν δαμασκος Damaskos; Thamaskos καὶ και and; even ἐγένετο γινομαι happen; become ὁ ο the Σύρος συρος Syros; Siros τῷ ο the Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith εἰς εις into; for δούλους δουλος subject φέροντας φερω carry; bring ξένια ξενιον and; even ἔσωσεν σωζω save κύριος κυριος lord; master τὸν ο the Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith ἐν εν in πᾶσιν πας all; every οἷς ος who; what ἐπορεύετο πορευομαι travel; go
8:6 וַ wa וְ and יָּ֨שֶׂם yyˌāśem שׂים put דָּוִ֤ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David נְצִבִים֙ nᵊṣivîm נְצִיב pillar בַּ ba בְּ in אֲרַ֣ם ʔᵃrˈam אֲרָם Aram דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק dammˈeśeq דַּמֶּשֶׂק Damascus וַ wa וְ and תְּהִ֤י ttᵊhˈî היה be אֲרָם֙ ʔᵃrˌām אֲרָם Aram לְ lᵊ לְ to דָוִ֔ד ḏāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David לַ la לְ to עֲבָדִ֖ים ʕᵃvāḏˌîm עֶבֶד servant נֹושְׂאֵ֣י nôśᵊʔˈê נשׂא lift מִנְחָ֑ה minḥˈā מִנְחָה present וַ wa וְ and יֹּ֤שַׁע yyˈōšaʕ ישׁע help יְהוָה֙ [yᵊhwˌāh] יְהוָה YHWH אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] דָּוִ֔ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David בְּ bᵊ בְּ in כֹ֖ל ḵˌōl כֹּל whole אֲשֶׁ֥ר ʔᵃšˌer אֲשֶׁר [relative] הָלָֽךְ׃ hālˈāḵ הלך walk
8:6. et posuit David praesidium in Syria Damasci factaque est Syria David serviens sub tributo servavit Dominus David in omnibus ad quaecumque profectus estAnd David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and Syria served David under tribute, and the Lord preserved David in all his enterprises, whithersoever he went.
8:6. And David positioned a garrison in Syria of Damascus. And Syria served David under tribute. And the Lord assisted David in all things whatsoever that he set out to accomplish.
8:6. Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and the Syrians became servants to David, [and] brought gifts. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.
6. Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and the Syrians became servants to David, and brought presents. And the LORD gave victory to David whithersoever he went.
8:6 Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and the Syrians became servants to David, [and] brought gifts. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went:
8:6 И поставил Давид охранные войска в Сирии Дамасской, и стали Сирийцы у Давида рабами, платящими дань. И хранил Господь Давида везде, куда он ни ходил.
8:6
καὶ και and; even
ἔθετο τιθημι put; make
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
φρουρὰν φρουρα in
Συρίᾳ συρια Syria; Siria
τῇ ο the
κατὰ κατα down; by
Δαμασκόν δαμασκος Damaskos; Thamaskos
καὶ και and; even
ἐγένετο γινομαι happen; become
ὁ ο the
Σύρος συρος Syros; Siros
τῷ ο the
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
εἰς εις into; for
δούλους δουλος subject
φέροντας φερω carry; bring
ξένια ξενιον and; even
ἔσωσεν σωζω save
κύριος κυριος lord; master
τὸν ο the
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
ἐν εν in
πᾶσιν πας all; every
οἷς ος who; what
ἐπορεύετο πορευομαι travel; go
8:6
וַ wa וְ and
יָּ֨שֶׂם yyˌāśem שׂים put
דָּוִ֤ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
נְצִבִים֙ nᵊṣivîm נְצִיב pillar
בַּ ba בְּ in
אֲרַ֣ם ʔᵃrˈam אֲרָם Aram
דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק dammˈeśeq דַּמֶּשֶׂק Damascus
וַ wa וְ and
תְּהִ֤י ttᵊhˈî היה be
אֲרָם֙ ʔᵃrˌām אֲרָם Aram
לְ lᵊ לְ to
דָוִ֔ד ḏāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
לַ la לְ to
עֲבָדִ֖ים ʕᵃvāḏˌîm עֶבֶד servant
נֹושְׂאֵ֣י nôśᵊʔˈê נשׂא lift
מִנְחָ֑ה minḥˈā מִנְחָה present
וַ wa וְ and
יֹּ֤שַׁע yyˈōšaʕ ישׁע help
יְהוָה֙ [yᵊhwˌāh] יְהוָה YHWH
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
דָּוִ֔ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
כֹ֖ל ḵˌōl כֹּל whole
אֲשֶׁ֥ר ʔᵃšˌer אֲשֶׁר [relative]
הָלָֽךְ׃ hālˈāḵ הלך walk
8:6. et posuit David praesidium in Syria Damasci factaque est Syria David serviens sub tributo servavit Dominus David in omnibus ad quaecumque profectus est
And David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and Syria served David under tribute, and the Lord preserved David in all his enterprises, whithersoever he went.
8:6. And David positioned a garrison in Syria of Damascus. And Syria served David under tribute. And the Lord assisted David in all things whatsoever that he set out to accomplish.
8:6. Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and the Syrians became servants to David, [and] brought gifts. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jg▾ gnv▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ all ▾
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
8:6: Brought gifts - Paid tribute.
2 Kings (2 Samuel) 8:7
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:6: Garrisons - The word is used for officers in Kg1 4:5, Kg1 4:19, and some think that that is its meaning here. Perhaps, however, it is best to take it with the King James Version in the same sense as in Sa1 10:5; Sa1 13:3.
Brought gifts - Rather, "tribute" (and in Sa2 8:2); meaning they became subject and tributary.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:6: garrisons: Sa2 8:14, Sa2 23:14; Sa1 13:3, Sa1 14:1, Sa1 14:6, Sa1 14:15; Ch2 17:2; Psa 18:34-46
became: Sa2 8:2
the Lord: Sa2 8:14, Sa2 7:9; Ch1 18:13; Psa 5:11, Psa 5:12, Psa 121:7, Psa 121:8, Psa 140:7, Psa 144:1, Psa 144:2; Pro 21:31
Geneva 1599
Then David put garrisons in (c) Syria of Damascus: and the Syrians became servants to David, (d) [and] brought gifts. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.
(c) In that part of Syria, where Damascus was.
(d) They paid yearly tribute.
John Gill
Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus,.... Which was Coele-Syria, and lay between Libanus and Antilibanus, the chief city of which was Damascus; which Curtius (q) calls Damascus of Syria, being the head of it, Is 7:8; in the principal places of which he put garrisons of soldiers to keep the country in subjection to him; or he put commanders or governors, as the Targum, in the, chief cities, and so Ben Gersom and R. Isaiah interpret it:
and the Syrians became servants to David, and brought gifts; or paid him tribute by way of homage, acknowledging themselves his subjects:
and the Lord preserved David whithersoever he went; he covered his head in the day of battle, and saved him from the hurtful sword.
(q) Hist. l. 3. c. 8.
8:78:7: Եւ ա՛ռ Դաւիթ զապարանջանսն ոսկիս որ էին ՚ի ծառայսն Ադրաազարո՛ւ արքայի Սուբայ՝ եւ եբե՛ր յԵրուսաղէմ։ Եւ ա՛ռ զայն Սաւսակիմ արքայ Եգիպտացւոց յելանե՛լ իւրում յԵրուսաղէմ յաւուրս Ռոբովամայ որդւոյ Սողոմոնի։
7 Դաւիթն առաւ Սուբայի արքայ Ադրաազարի ծառաների ոսկէ ապարանջանները եւ բերեց Երուսաղէմ:
7 Դաւիթ Ադրազարին ծառաներուն ոսկիէ վահանները առաւ ու զանոնք Երուսաղէմ բերաւ։
Եւ ա՛ռ Դաւիթ [106]զապարանջանսն ոսկիս որ էին ի ծառայսն Ադրաազարու [107]արքայի Սուբայ`` եւ եբեր յԵրուսաղէմ:

8:7: Եւ ա՛ռ Դաւիթ զապարանջանսն ոսկիս որ էին ՚ի ծառայսն Ադրաազարո՛ւ արքայի Սուբայ՝ եւ եբե՛ր յԵրուսաղէմ։ Եւ ա՛ռ զայն Սաւսակիմ արքայ Եգիպտացւոց յելանե՛լ իւրում յԵրուսաղէմ յաւուրս Ռոբովամայ որդւոյ Սողոմոնի։
7 Դաւիթն առաւ Սուբայի արքայ Ադրաազարի ծառաների ոսկէ ապարանջանները եւ բերեց Երուսաղէմ:
7 Դաւիթ Ադրազարին ծառաներուն ոսկիէ վահանները առաւ ու զանոնք Երուսաղէմ բերաւ։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:78:7 И взял Давид золотые щиты, которые были у рабов Адраазара, и принес их в Иерусалим. [Их взял {потом} Сусаким, царь Египетский, во время нашествия своего на Иерусалим, во дни Ровоама, сына Соломонова.]
8:7 καὶ και and; even ἔλαβεν λαμβανω take; get Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith τοὺς ο the χλιδῶνας χλιδων the χρυσοῦς χρυσεος of gold; golden οἳ ος who; what ἦσαν ειμι be ἐπὶ επι in; on τῶν ο the παίδων παις child; boy τῶν ο the Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ monarch; king Σουβα σουβα and; even ἤνεγκεν φερω carry; bring αὐτὰ αυτος he; him εἰς εις into; for Ιερουσαλημ ιερουσαλημ Jerusalem καὶ και and; even ἔλαβεν λαμβανω take; get αὐτὰ αυτος he; him Σουσακιμ σουσακιμ monarch; king Αἰγύπτου αιγυπτος Aigyptos; Eyiptos ἐν εν in τῷ ο the ἀναβῆναι αναβαινω step up; ascend αὐτὸν αυτος he; him εἰς εις into; for Ιερουσαλημ ιερουσαλημ Jerusalem ἐν εν in ἡμέραις ημερα day Ροβοαμ ροβοαμ Rehoboam υἱοῦ υιος son Σολομῶντος σολομων Solomōn; Solomon
8:7 וַ wa וְ and יִּקַּ֣ח yyiqqˈaḥ לקח take דָּוִ֗ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David אֵ֚ת ˈʔēṯ אֵת [object marker] שִׁלְטֵ֣י šilṭˈê שֶׁלֶט shield הַ ha הַ the זָּהָ֔ב zzāhˈāv זָהָב gold אֲשֶׁ֣ר ʔᵃšˈer אֲשֶׁר [relative] הָי֔וּ hāyˈû היה be אֶ֖ל ʔˌel אֶל to עַבְדֵ֣י ʕavᵊḏˈê עֶבֶד servant הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר hᵃḏaḏʕˈāzer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer וַ wa וְ and יְבִיאֵ֖ם yᵊvîʔˌēm בוא come יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ yᵊrûšālˈāim יְרוּשָׁלִַם Jerusalem
8:7. et tulit David arma aurea quae habebant servi Adadezer et detulit ea in HierusalemAnd David took the arms of gold, which the servants of Adarezer wore and brought them to Jerusalem.
8:7. And David took the armbands of gold, which the servants of Hadadezer had, and he brought them to Jerusalem.
8:7. And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer, and brought them to Jerusalem.
7. And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer, and brought them to Jerusalem.
8:7 And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer, and brought them to Jerusalem:
8:7 И взял Давид золотые щиты, которые были у рабов Адраазара, и принес их в Иерусалим. [Их взял {потом} Сусаким, царь Египетский, во время нашествия своего на Иерусалим, во дни Ровоама, сына Соломонова.]
8:7
καὶ και and; even
ἔλαβεν λαμβανω take; get
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
τοὺς ο the
χλιδῶνας χλιδων the
χρυσοῦς χρυσεος of gold; golden
οἳ ος who; what
ἦσαν ειμι be
ἐπὶ επι in; on
τῶν ο the
παίδων παις child; boy
τῶν ο the
Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ monarch; king
Σουβα σουβα and; even
ἤνεγκεν φερω carry; bring
αὐτὰ αυτος he; him
εἰς εις into; for
Ιερουσαλημ ιερουσαλημ Jerusalem
καὶ και and; even
ἔλαβεν λαμβανω take; get
αὐτὰ αυτος he; him
Σουσακιμ σουσακιμ monarch; king
Αἰγύπτου αιγυπτος Aigyptos; Eyiptos
ἐν εν in
τῷ ο the
ἀναβῆναι αναβαινω step up; ascend
αὐτὸν αυτος he; him
εἰς εις into; for
Ιερουσαλημ ιερουσαλημ Jerusalem
ἐν εν in
ἡμέραις ημερα day
Ροβοαμ ροβοαμ Rehoboam
υἱοῦ υιος son
Σολομῶντος σολομων Solomōn; Solomon
8:7
וַ wa וְ and
יִּקַּ֣ח yyiqqˈaḥ לקח take
דָּוִ֗ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
אֵ֚ת ˈʔēṯ אֵת [object marker]
שִׁלְטֵ֣י šilṭˈê שֶׁלֶט shield
הַ ha הַ the
זָּהָ֔ב zzāhˈāv זָהָב gold
אֲשֶׁ֣ר ʔᵃšˈer אֲשֶׁר [relative]
הָי֔וּ hāyˈû היה be
אֶ֖ל ʔˌel אֶל to
עַבְדֵ֣י ʕavᵊḏˈê עֶבֶד servant
הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר hᵃḏaḏʕˈāzer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer
וַ wa וְ and
יְבִיאֵ֖ם yᵊvîʔˌēm בוא come
יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ yᵊrûšālˈāim יְרוּשָׁלִַם Jerusalem
8:7. et tulit David arma aurea quae habebant servi Adadezer et detulit ea in Hierusalem
And David took the arms of gold, which the servants of Adarezer wore and brought them to Jerusalem.
8:7. And David took the armbands of gold, which the servants of Hadadezer had, and he brought them to Jerusalem.
8:7. And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer, and brought them to Jerusalem.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jw▾ jg▾ gnv▾ kad▾ tr▾ ac▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
7: См. 2: Пар. XII:1-11.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
8:7: David took the shields of gold - We know not what these were. Some translate arms, others quivers, others bracelets, others collars, and others shields. They were probably costly ornaments by which the Syrian soldiers were decked and distinguished. And those who are called servants here, were probably the choice troops or body-guard of Hadadezer, as the argyraspides were of Alexander the Great. See Quintus Curtius.
2 Kings (2 Samuel) 8:9
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:7: shields: Kg1 10:16, Kg1 10:17, Kg1 14:26, Kg1 14:27; Ch1 18:7; Ch2 9:15, Ch2 9:16
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

Of the booty taken in these wars, David carried the golden shields which he took from the servants, i.e., the governors and vassal princes, of Hadadezer, to Jerusalem.
(Note: The lxx has this additional clause: "And Shishak the king of Egypt took them away, when he went up against Jerusalem in the days of Rehoboam the son of Solomon," which is neither to be found in the Chronicles nor in any other ancient version, and is merely an inference drawn by the Greek translator, or by some copyists of the lxx, from 3Kings 14:25-28, taken in connection with the fact that the application of the brass is given in 1Chron 18:8. But, in the first place, the author of this gloss has overlooked the fact that the golden shields of Rehoboam which Shishak carried away, were not those captured by David, but those which Solomon had had made, according to 3Kings 10:16, for the retainers of his palace; and in the second place, he has not observed that, according to 2Kings 8:11 of this chapter, and also of the Chronicles, David dedicated to the Lord all the gold and silver that he had taken, i.e., put it in the treasury of the sanctuary to be reserved for the future temple, and that at the end of his reign he handed over to his son and successor Solomon all the gold, silver, iron, and brass that he had collected for the purpose, to be applied to the building of the temple (1Chron 22:14., 1Chron 29:2.). Consequently the clause in question, which Thenius would adopt from the lxx into our own text, is nothing more than the production of a presumptuous Alexandrian, whose error lies upon the very surface, so that the question of its genuineness cannot for a moment be entertained.)
Shelet signifies "a shield," according to the Targums and Rabbins, and this meaning is applicable to all the passages in which the word occurs; whilst the meaning "equivalent" cannot be sustained either by the rendering πανοπλία adopted by Aquila and Symmachus in 4Kings 11:10, or by the renderings of the Vulgate, viz., arma in loc. and armatura in Song 4:4, or by an appeal to the etymology (vid., Gesenius' Thes. and Dietrich's Lexicon).
Geneva 1599
And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer, and brought them to (e) Jerusalem.
(e) For the use of the temple.
John Gill
And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer,.... That were found with them, which they had in their hands; these must be supposed to be with the principal officers of his army; or golden chains, as Aquila, or golden bracelets on their arms, as the Septuagint; the Syriac version is "quivers of gold", such as they put arrows into, and so Jarchi and R. Isaiah understand it of such, and refer to Jer 51:11; and so Josephus (r):
and brought them to Jerusalem; where they were laid up, and converted to the use of the sanctuary Solomon built; see Song 4:4.
(r) Ut supra, (Antiqu. l. 7. c. 5.) sect. 3.
John Wesley
On the servants - Or rather, which were with the servants, that is, committed to their custody, as being kept in the king's armoury: for it is not probable they carried them into the field.
8:88:8: Եւ ՚ի Մասբակայ ա՛ռ արքայ Դաւիթ յընտիր ընտիր քաղաքաց Ադրաազարայ պղինձ, որով արար Սողոմոն զծովն պղնձի, եւ զսիւնսն, եւ զաւազանսն, եւ զամենայն կահն։
8 Եգիպտոսի արքայ Սաւսակիմը դրանք յետ վերցրեց, երբ նա Սողոմոնի որդի Ռոբովամի օրօք յարձակուեց Երուսաղէմի վրայ: Դաւիթ արքան Մասբակից եւ Ադրաազարի հռչակաւոր քաղաքներից առաւ պղինձ, որով Սողոմոն արքան պղնձէ տաշտ, սիւներ, աւազաններ եւ ամէն տեսակ կահոյք պատրաստեց:
8 Ադրազարին քաղաքներէն՝ Բեթահէն ու Բերոթայէն՝ խիստ շատ պղինձ առաւ։
[108]Եւ առ զայն Սաւսակիմ արքայ Եգիպտացւոց յելանել իւրում յԵրուսաղէմ յաւուրս Ռոբովամայ որդւոյ Սողոմոնի: Եւ ի Մասբակայ ա՛ռ արքայ Դաւիթ` յընտիր ընտիր քաղաքաց Ադրաազարայ` պղինձ, որով արար Սողոմոն զծովն պղնձի եւ զսիւնսն եւ զաւազանսն եւ զամենայն կահն:

8:8: Եւ ՚ի Մասբակայ ա՛ռ արքայ Դաւիթ յընտիր ընտիր քաղաքաց Ադրաազարայ պղինձ, որով արար Սողոմոն զծովն պղնձի, եւ զսիւնսն, եւ զաւազանսն, եւ զամենայն կահն։
8 Եգիպտոսի արքայ Սաւսակիմը դրանք յետ վերցրեց, երբ նա Սողոմոնի որդի Ռոբովամի օրօք յարձակուեց Երուսաղէմի վրայ: Դաւիթ արքան Մասբակից եւ Ադրաազարի հռչակաւոր քաղաքներից առաւ պղինձ, որով Սողոմոն արքան պղնձէ տաշտ, սիւներ, աւազաններ եւ ամէն տեսակ կահոյք պատրաստեց:
8 Ադրազարին քաղաքներէն՝ Բեթահէն ու Բերոթայէն՝ խիստ շատ պղինձ առաւ։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:88:8 А в Бефе и Берофе, городах Адраазаровых, взял царь Давид весьма много меди, [из которой Соломон устроил медное море и столбы, и умывальницы и все сосуды].
8:8 καὶ και and; even ἐκ εκ from; out of τῆς ο the Μασβακ μασβακ from; out of τῶν ο the ἐκλεκτῶν εκλεκτος select; choice πόλεων πολις city τοῦ ο the Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ take; get ὁ ο the βασιλεὺς βασιλευς monarch; king Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith χαλκὸν χαλκος copper; brass πολὺν πολυς much; many σφόδρα σφοδρα vehemently; tremendously ἐν εν in αὐτῷ αυτος he; him ἐποίησεν ποιεω do; make Σαλωμων σαλωμων the θάλασσαν θαλασσα sea τὴν ο the χαλκῆν χαλκεος of brass καὶ και and; even τοὺς ο the στύλους στυλος pillar καὶ και and; even τοὺς ο the λουτῆρας λουτηρ and; even πάντα πας all; every τὰ ο the σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar
8:8 וּ û וְ and מִ mi מִן from בֶּ֥טַח bbˌeṭaḥ בֶּטַח Tebah וּ û וְ and מִ mi מִן from בֵּֽרֹתַ֖י bbˈērōṯˌay בֵּרֹתַי Berothai עָרֵ֣י ʕārˈê עִיר town הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר hᵃḏaḏʕˈāzer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer לָקַ֞ח lāqˈaḥ לקח take הַ ha הַ the מֶּ֧לֶךְ mmˈeleḵ מֶלֶךְ king דָּוִ֛ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David נְחֹ֖שֶׁת nᵊḥˌōšeṯ נְחֹשֶׁת bronze הַרְבֵּ֥ה harbˌē רבה be many מְאֹֽד׃ ס mᵊʔˈōḏ . s מְאֹד might
8:8. et de Bete et de Beroth civitatibus Adadezer tulit rex David aes multum nimisAnd out of Bete, and out of Beroth, cities of Adarezer, king David took and exceeding great quantity of brass.
8:8. And from Betah and Beeroth, cities of Hadadezer, king David took an exceedingly great amount of brass.
8:8. And from Betah, and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, king David took exceeding much brass.
8. And from Betah and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, king David took exceeding much brass.
8:8 And from Betah, and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, king David took exceeding much brass:
8:8 А в Бефе и Берофе, городах Адраазаровых, взял царь Давид весьма много меди, [из которой Соломон устроил медное море и столбы, и умывальницы и все сосуды].
8:8
καὶ και and; even
ἐκ εκ from; out of
τῆς ο the
Μασβακ μασβακ from; out of
τῶν ο the
ἐκλεκτῶν εκλεκτος select; choice
πόλεων πολις city
τοῦ ο the
Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ take; get
ὁ ο the
βασιλεὺς βασιλευς monarch; king
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
χαλκὸν χαλκος copper; brass
πολὺν πολυς much; many
σφόδρα σφοδρα vehemently; tremendously
ἐν εν in
αὐτῷ αυτος he; him
ἐποίησεν ποιεω do; make
Σαλωμων σαλωμων the
θάλασσαν θαλασσα sea
τὴν ο the
χαλκῆν χαλκεος of brass
καὶ και and; even
τοὺς ο the
στύλους στυλος pillar
καὶ και and; even
τοὺς ο the
λουτῆρας λουτηρ and; even
πάντα πας all; every
τὰ ο the
σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar
8:8
וּ û וְ and
מִ mi מִן from
בֶּ֥טַח bbˌeṭaḥ בֶּטַח Tebah
וּ û וְ and
מִ mi מִן from
בֵּֽרֹתַ֖י bbˈērōṯˌay בֵּרֹתַי Berothai
עָרֵ֣י ʕārˈê עִיר town
הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר hᵃḏaḏʕˈāzer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer
לָקַ֞ח lāqˈaḥ לקח take
הַ ha הַ the
מֶּ֧לֶךְ mmˈeleḵ מֶלֶךְ king
דָּוִ֛ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
נְחֹ֖שֶׁת nᵊḥˌōšeṯ נְחֹשֶׁת bronze
הַרְבֵּ֥ה harbˌē רבה be many
מְאֹֽד׃ ס mᵊʔˈōḏ . s מְאֹד might
8:8. et de Bete et de Beroth civitatibus Adadezer tulit rex David aes multum nimis
And out of Bete, and out of Beroth, cities of Adarezer, king David took and exceeding great quantity of brass.
8:8. And from Betah and Beeroth, cities of Hadadezer, king David took an exceedingly great amount of brass.
8:8. And from Betah, and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, king David took exceeding much brass.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jw▾ jg▾ kad▾ tr▾ ab▾ all ▾
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:8: Betah and Berothai - These names (see also margin) have not been identified with certainty.
Exceeding much brass - "Wherewith Solomon made the brazen sea, and the pillars, and the vessels of brass" Ch1 18:8. The Septuagint and Vulgate both add these words here, so that perhaps they have fallen out of the Hebrew text. For the existence of metals in Lebanon or Antilebanon, see Deu 8:9.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:8: Betah: Probably the same as Bathne in Syria, between Beroeea and Hierapolis. Ch1 18:8, Tibhath, Chun
Berothai: Berothai is probably the Barathena of Ptolemy, which he mentions, along with Sabe, as a city of Arabia Deserta, in the confines of the Palmyrenian district.
exceeding: Ch1 22:14, Ch1 22:16, Ch1 29:7; ch2 4:1-18
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

And from the cities of Betach and Berothai David took very much brass, with which, according to 1Chron 18:8, Solomon made the brazen sea, and the brazen columns and vessels of the temple. The lxx have also interpolated this notice into the text. The name Betach is given as Tibhath in the Chronicles; and for Berothai we have Chun. As the towns themselves are unknown, it cannot be decided with certainty which of the forms and names are the correct and original ones. מבּטח appears to have been written by mistake for מטּבח. This supposition is favoured by the rendering of the lxx, ἐκ τῆς Μετεβάκ; and by that of the Syriac also (viz., Tebach). On the other hand, the occurrence of the name Tebah among the sons of Nahor the Aramaean in Gen 22:24 proves little or nothing, as it is not known that he founded a family which perpetuated his name; nor can anything be inferred from the fact that, according to the more modern maps, there is a town of Tayibeh to the north of Damascus in 35 north lat., as there is very little in common between the names Tayibeh and Tebah. Ewald connects Berothai with the Barathena of Ptol. v. 19 in the neighbourhood of Saba. The connection is a possible one, but it is not sufficiently certain to warrant us in founding any conclusions upon it with regard to the name Chun which occurs in the Chronicles; so that there is no ground whatever for the opinion that it is a corruption of Berothai.
John Gill
And from Betah, and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer,.... Which, in 1Chron 18:8, are called Tibhath and Chun, they having different names; or their names might be changed upon this conquest of them, and the one might be the names they went by with the Syrians, and the other the Israelites called them by; the latter is the same with Berothah in Ezek 47:16; and the Barathena of Ptolemy (s), placed by him near Mesopotamia; in the Arabic version of 1Chron 18:8, they are called Emesa and Baalbec, the former was a city of Coele-Syria, the latter was at the foot of Mount Lebanon; See Gill on Amos 1:5,
King David took exceeding much brass; whereby he was furnished and able to give the large quantity he did for the service of the temple, 1Chron 29:7. The Septuagint version adds here what is expressed in 1Chron 18:8,"wherewith Solomon made the brazen sea, and the pillars, and the layers, and all the vessels.''
(s) Geograph. l. 5. c. 19.
John Wesley
From Betah, &c. - In 1Chron 18:8, it is, from Tibhath, and from Chun. Either therefore the same cities were called by several names, as is usual, the one by the Hebrews, the other by the Syrians, or those were two other cities, and so the brass was taken out of these four cities.
8:98:9: Եւ լուաւ Թովու արքայ Էմաթայ, եթէ եհա՛ր Դաւիթ զամենայն զօրն Ադրաազարայ[3228]. [3228] Ոմանք. Եւ լուաւ Թովուս արքայ Ե՛՛։
9 Եմաթի արքայ Թովուն լսելով, որ Դաւիթը ջախջախել է Ադրաազարի բոլոր զօրքերին, իր որդի Եդդուրային ուղարկեց Դաւիթ արքայի մօտ նրա ողջութիւնը հարցնելու:
9 Եմաթին թագաւորը՝ Թովու, երբ լսեց թէ Դաւիթ Ադրազարին բոլոր զօրքերը ջարդեր է,
Եւ լուաւ Թովու արքայ Եմաթայ, եթէ եհար Դաւիթ զամենայն զօրն Ադրաազարայ:

8:9: Եւ լուաւ Թովու արքայ Էմաթայ, եթէ եհա՛ր Դաւիթ զամենայն զօրն Ադրաազարայ[3228].
[3228] Ոմանք. Եւ լուաւ Թովուս արքայ Ե՛՛։
9 Եմաթի արքայ Թովուն լսելով, որ Դաւիթը ջախջախել է Ադրաազարի բոլոր զօրքերին, իր որդի Եդդուրային ուղարկեց Դաւիթ արքայի մօտ նրա ողջութիւնը հարցնելու:
9 Եմաթին թագաւորը՝ Թովու, երբ լսեց թէ Դաւիթ Ադրազարին բոլոր զօրքերը ջարդեր է,
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:98:9 И услышал Фой, царь Имафа, что Давид поразил все войско Адраазарово,
8:9 καὶ και and; even ἤκουσεν ακουω hear Θοου θοου the βασιλεὺς βασιλευς monarch; king Ημαθ ημαθ since; that ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith πᾶσαν πας all; every τὴν ο the δύναμιν δυναμις power; ability Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ Adraazar; Athraazar
8:9 וַ wa וְ and יִּשְׁמַ֕ע yyišmˈaʕ שׁמע hear תֹּ֖עִי tˌōʕî תֹּעוּ Tou מֶ֣לֶךְ mˈeleḵ מֶלֶךְ king חֲמָ֑ת ḥᵃmˈāṯ חֲמָת Hamath כִּ֚י ˈkî כִּי that הִכָּ֣ה hikkˈā נכה strike דָוִ֔ד ḏāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David אֵ֖ת ʔˌēṯ אֵת [object marker] כָּל־ kol- כֹּל whole חֵ֥יל ḥˌêl חַיִל power הֲדַדְעָֽזֶר׃ hᵃḏaḏʕˈāzer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer
8:9. audivit autem Thou rex Emath quod percussisset David omne robur AdadezerAnd Thou the king of Emath heard that David had defeated all the forces of Adarezer.
8:9. Then Toi, the king of Hamath, heard that David had struck down the entire strength of Hadadezer.
8:9. When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,
9. And when Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,
8:9 When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer:
8:9 И услышал Фой, царь Имафа, что Давид поразил все войско Адраазарово,
8:9
καὶ και and; even
ἤκουσεν ακουω hear
Θοου θοου the
βασιλεὺς βασιλευς monarch; king
Ημαθ ημαθ since; that
ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
πᾶσαν πας all; every
τὴν ο the
δύναμιν δυναμις power; ability
Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ Adraazar; Athraazar
8:9
וַ wa וְ and
יִּשְׁמַ֕ע yyišmˈaʕ שׁמע hear
תֹּ֖עִי tˌōʕî תֹּעוּ Tou
מֶ֣לֶךְ mˈeleḵ מֶלֶךְ king
חֲמָ֑ת ḥᵃmˈāṯ חֲמָת Hamath
כִּ֚י ˈkî כִּי that
הִכָּ֣ה hikkˈā נכה strike
דָוִ֔ד ḏāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
אֵ֖ת ʔˌēṯ אֵת [object marker]
כָּל־ kol- כֹּל whole
חֵ֥יל ḥˌêl חַיִל power
הֲדַדְעָֽזֶר׃ hᵃḏaḏʕˈāzer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer
8:9. audivit autem Thou rex Emath quod percussisset David omne robur Adadezer
And Thou the king of Emath heard that David had defeated all the forces of Adarezer.
8:9. Then Toi, the king of Hamath, heard that David had struck down the entire strength of Hadadezer.
8:9. When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jg▾ kad▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ mh▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
9: Имаф - при реке Оронте, впадающей в Средиземное море вблизи северных границ Палестины.
Matthew Henry: Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible - 1706
David Conquers Edom. B. C. 1042.

9 When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer, 10 Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And Joram brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass: 11 Which also king David did dedicate unto the LORD, with the silver and gold that he had dedicated of all nations which he subdued; 12 Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah. 13 And David gat him a name when he returned from smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, being eighteen thousand men. 14 And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all they of Edom became David's servants. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.
Here is, 1. The court made to David by the king of Hamath, who, it seems was at this time at war with the king of Zobah. He hearing of David's success against his enemy, sent his own son ambassador to him (v. 9, 10), to congratulate him on his victory, to return him thanks for the favour he had done him in breaking the power of one he was in fear of, and to beg his friendship. Thus he not only secured but strengthened himself. And David lost nothing by taking this little prince under his protection, any more than the old Romans did by the like policy; for the wealth he had from the countries he conquered by way of spoil he had from this by way of present or gratuity: Vessels of silver and gold. Better get by composition than by compulsion. 2. The offering David made to God of the spoils of the nations and all the rich things that were brought him. He dedicated all to the Lord, v. 11, 12. This crowned all his victories, and made them far to out-shine Alexander's or Caesar's, that they sought their own glory, but he aimed at the glory of God. All the precious things he was master of were dedicated things, that is, they were designed for the building of the temple; and a good omen it was of kindness to the Gentiles in the fulness of time, and of the making of God's house a house of prayer for all people, that the temple was built of the spoils and presents of Gentile nations, in allusion to which we find the kings of the earth bringing their glory and honour into the new Jerusalem, Rev. xxi. 24. Their gods of gold David burnt (2 Sam. v. 21), but their vessels of gold he dedicated. Thus in the conquest of a soul, by the grace of the Son of David, what stands in opposition to God must be destroyed, every lust mortified and crucified, but what may glorify him must be dedicated and the property of it altered. Even the merchandise and the hire must be holiness to the Lord (Isa. xxiii. 18), the gain consecrated to the Lord of the whole earth (Mic. iv. 13), and then it is truly our own and that most comfortably. 3. The reputation he got, in a particular manner, by his victory over the Syrians and their allies the Edomites, who acted in conjunction with them, as appears by comparing the title of the 60th Psalm, which was penned on this occasion, with v. 13. He got himself a name for all that conduct and courage which are the praise of a great and distinguished general. Something extraordinary, it is likely, there was in that action, which turned very much to his honour, yet he is careful to transfer the honour to God, as appears by the psalm he penned on this occasion, v. 12. It is through God that we do valiantly. 4. His success against the Edomites. They all became David's servants, v. 14. Now, and not till now, Isaac's blessing was accomplished, by which Jacob was made Esau's Lord (Gen. xxvii. 37-40) and the Edomites continued long tributary to the kings of Judah, as the Moabites were to the kings of Israel, till, in Joram's time, they revolted (2 Chron. xxi. 8) as Isaac had there foretold that Esau should, in process of time, break the yoke from off his neck. Thus David by his conquests, (1.) Secured peace to his son, that he might have time to build the temple. And, (2.) Procured wealth for his son, that he might have wherewith to build it. God employs his servants variously, some in one employment, others in another, some in the spiritual battles, others in the spiritual buildings; and one prepares work for the other, that God may have the glory of all. All David's victories were typical of the success of the gospel against the kingdom of Satan, in which the Son of David rode forth, conquering and to conquer, and he shall reign till he has brought down all opposing rule, principality, and power: and he has, as David had (v. 2), a line to kill and a line to save; for the same gospel is to some a savour of life unto life, to others a savour of death unto death.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
8:9: Toi king of Hamath - Hamath is supposed to be the famous city of Emesa, situated on the Orontes, in Syria. This was contiguous to
Hadadezer; and led him to wage war with Toi, that he might get possession of his territories. For a comparison of the 10th verse, see Ch1 18:9.
2 Kings (2 Samuel) 8:13
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:9: Hamath - This appears as an independent kingdom so late as the time of Senacherib Isa 37:13. But in the time of Nebuchadnezzar, both Hamath and Arpad appear to have been incorporated in the kingdom of Damascus Jer 49:23.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:9: Toi: Ch1 18:9, Tou
Hamath: Amo 6:2
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

After the defeat of the king of Zobah and his allies, Toi king of Hamath sought for David's friendship, sending his son to salute him, and conveying to him at the same time a considerable present of vessels of silver, gold, and brass. The name Toi is written Tou in the Chronicles, according to a different mode of interpretation; and the name of the son is given as Hadoram in the Chronicles, instead of Joram as in the text before us. The former is evidently the true reading, and Joram an error of the pen, as the Israelitish name Joram is not one that we should expect to find among Aramaeans; whilst Hadoram occurs in 1Chron 1:21 in the midst of Arabic names, and it cannot be shown that the Hadoram or Adoram mentioned in 2Chron 10:18 and 3Kings 12:18 was a man of Israelitish descent. The primary object of the mission was to salute David ("to ask him of peace;" cf. Gen 43:27, etc.), and to congratulate him upon his victory ("to bless him because he had fought," etc.); for Toi had had wars with Hadadezer. "A man of wars" signifies a man who wages wars (cf. 1Chron 28:3; Is 42:13). According to 1Chron 18:3, the territory of the king of Hamath bordered upon that of Hadadezer, and the latter had probably tried to make king Toi submit to him. The secret object of the salutation, however, was no doubt to secure the friendship of this new and powerful neighbour.
John Gill
When Toi king of Hamath,.... Which was another small kingdom in Syria, perhaps lately erected to defend themselves against Hadadezer, and this the first king of it, at least the first we hear of; his name is Tou in 1Chron 18:9; where in the Targum he is called king of Antioch. Hamath lay to the north of the land of Canaan; See Gill on Num 34:8, it is said (t) to be three days' journey from Tripoli, and that it stands in the midway to Aleppo, on a very goodly plain, replenished with corn and cotton wool, but very much in ruins, and falls more and more to decay: at this day (says my author, who travelled in those parts in the beginning of the seventeenth century) there is scarce one half of the wall standing, which hath been very fair and strong. The king of this place
heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer; the news of which soon reached him, he being in the neighbourhood.
(t) Cartwright's Preacher's Travels, p. 6.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Toi king of Hamath--CÅ“le-Syria; northwards, it extended to the city Hamath on the Orontes, which was the capital of the country. The Syrian prince, being delivered from the dread of a dangerous neighbor, sent his son with valuable presents to David to congratulate him on his victories, and solicit his alliance and protection.
8:108:10: եւ առաքեաց Թովու զԵդդուրա զորդի իւր առ արքայ Դաւիթ՝ հարցանե՛լ զխաղաղութենէ նորա. եւ օրհնեաց զնա՝ փոխանակ զի սատակեաց զԱդրաազար. զի այր՝ գո՛ռ պատերազմաւ էր նա ընդ Թովայ, եւ հակառա՛կ կայր նմա Ադրաազար. եւ ՚ի ձեռս նորա էին անօթք ոսկեղէնք եւ արծաթեղէնք, եւ անօթք պղնձիք։
10 Նա շնորհաւորեց նրան այն բանի համար, որ ջախջախել էր Ադրաազարին, քանզի սա Թովուի թշնամին լինելով՝ իր դէմ բուռն պատերազմներ էր մղել: Եդդուրան իր հետ վերցրել էր ոսկէ, արծաթէ եւ պղնձէ անօթներ:
10 Իր որդին Յովրամը* Դաւիթ թագաւորին ղրկեց, որպէս զի անոր բարեւ տանի ու զանիկա օրհնէ, Ադրազարին դէմ պատերազմ ընելուն ու զանիկա զարնելուն համար։ (Քանզի Ադրազար Թովուին հետ պատերազմներ կ’ընէր։) Յովրամին ձեռքը արծաթէ անօթներ, ոսկիէ անօթներ ու պղնձէ անօթներ կային։
եւ առաքեաց Թովու [109]զԵդդուրա զորդի իւր առ արքայ Դաւիթ` հարցանել զխաղաղութենէ նորա. եւ [110]օրհնեաց զնա` փոխանակ զի սատակեաց զԱդրաազար``. (զի այր գոռ պատերազմաւ էր նա ընդ Թովայ) [111]եւ հակառակ կայր նմա Ադրաազար.`` եւ ի ձեռս նորա էին անօթք ոսկեղէնք եւ արծաթեղէնք եւ անօթք պղնձիք:

8:10: եւ առաքեաց Թովու զԵդդուրա զորդի իւր առ արքայ Դաւիթ՝ հարցանե՛լ զխաղաղութենէ նորա. եւ օրհնեաց զնա՝ փոխանակ զի սատակեաց զԱդրաազար. զի այր՝ գո՛ռ պատերազմաւ էր նա ընդ Թովայ, եւ հակառա՛կ կայր նմա Ադրաազար. եւ ՚ի ձեռս նորա էին անօթք ոսկեղէնք եւ արծաթեղէնք, եւ անօթք պղնձիք։
10 Նա շնորհաւորեց նրան այն բանի համար, որ ջախջախել էր Ադրաազարին, քանզի սա Թովուի թշնամին լինելով՝ իր դէմ բուռն պատերազմներ էր մղել: Եդդուրան իր հետ վերցրել էր ոսկէ, արծաթէ եւ պղնձէ անօթներ:
10 Իր որդին Յովրամը* Դաւիթ թագաւորին ղրկեց, որպէս զի անոր բարեւ տանի ու զանիկա օրհնէ, Ադրազարին դէմ պատերազմ ընելուն ու զանիկա զարնելուն համար։ (Քանզի Ադրազար Թովուին հետ պատերազմներ կ’ընէր։) Յովրամին ձեռքը արծաթէ անօթներ, ոսկիէ անօթներ ու պղնձէ անօթներ կային։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:108:10 и послал Фой Иорама, сына своего, к царю Давиду, приветствовать его и благодарить его за то, что он воевал с Адраазаром и поразил его; ибо Адраазар вел войны с Фоем. В руках же {Иорама} были сосуды серебряные, золотые и медные.
8:10 καὶ και and; even ἀπέστειλεν αποστελλω send off / away Θοου θοου the υἱὸν υιος son αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him πρὸς προς to; toward βασιλέα βασιλευς monarch; king Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith ἐρωτῆσαι ερωταω question; request αὐτὸν αυτος he; him τὰ ο the εἰς εις into; for εἰρήνην ειρηνη peace καὶ και and; even εὐλογῆσαι ευλογεω commend; acclaim αὐτὸν αυτος he; him ὑπὲρ υπερ over; for οὗ ος who; what ἐπολέμησεν πολεμεω battle τὸν ο the Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ and; even ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact αὐτόν αυτος he; him ὅτι οτι since; that ἀντικείμενος αντικειμαι oppose ἦν ειμι be τῷ ο the Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ and; even ἐν εν in ταῖς ο the χερσὶν χειρ hand αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him ἦσαν ειμι be σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar ἀργυρᾶ αργυρεος of silver καὶ και and; even σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar χρυσᾶ χρυσεος of gold; golden καὶ και and; even σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar χαλκᾶ χαλκεος of brass
8:10 וַ wa וְ and יִּשְׁלַ֣ח yyišlˈaḥ שׁלח send תֹּ֣עִי tˈōʕî תֹּעוּ Tou אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] יֹֽורָם־ yˈôrām- יֹורָם Joram בְּנֹ֣ו bᵊnˈô בֵּן son אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to הַ ha הַ the מֶּֽלֶךְ־ mmˈeleḵ- מֶלֶךְ king דָּ֠וִד dāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David לִ li לְ to שְׁאָל־ šᵊʔāl- שׁאל ask לֹ֨ו lˌô לְ to לְ lᵊ לְ to שָׁלֹ֜ום šālˈôm שָׁלֹום peace וּֽ ˈû וְ and לְ lᵊ לְ to בָרֲכֹ֗ו vārᵃḵˈô ברך bless עַל֩ ʕˌal עַל upon אֲשֶׁ֨ר ʔᵃšˌer אֲשֶׁר [relative] נִלְחַ֤ם nilḥˈam לחם fight בַּ ba בְּ in הֲדַדְעֶ֨זֶר֙ hᵃḏaḏʕˈezer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer וַ wa וְ and יַּכֵּ֔הוּ yyakkˈēhû נכה strike כִּי־ kî- כִּי that אִ֛ישׁ ʔˈîš אִישׁ man מִלְחֲמֹ֥ות milḥᵃmˌôṯ מִלְחָמָה war תֹּ֖עִי tˌōʕî תֹּעוּ Tou הָיָ֣ה hāyˈā היה be הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר hᵃḏaḏʕˈāzer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer וּ û וְ and בְ vᵊ בְּ in יָדֹ֗ו yāḏˈô יָד hand הָי֛וּ hāyˈû היה be כְּלֵֽי־ kᵊlˈê- כְּלִי tool כֶ֥סֶף ḵˌesef כֶּסֶף silver וּ û וְ and כְלֵֽי־ ḵᵊlˈê- כְּלִי tool זָהָ֖ב zāhˌāv זָהָב gold וּ û וְ and כְלֵ֥י ḵᵊlˌê כְּלִי tool נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃ nᵊḥˈōšeṯ נְחֹשֶׁת bronze
8:10. et misit Thou Ioram filium suum ad regem David ut salutaret eum congratulans et gratias ageret eo quod expugnasset Adadezer et percussisset eum hostis quippe erat Thou Adadezer et in manu eius erant vasa argentea et vasa aurea et vasa aereaAnd Thou sent Joram his son to king David, to salute him, and to congratulate with him, and to return him thanks: because he had fought against Adarezer, and had defeated him. For Thou was an enemy to Adarezer, and in his hand were vessels of gold, and vessels of silver, and vessels of brass:
8:10. And so, Toi sent his son Joram to king David, so that he might greet him with congratulations, and give thanks, because he had fought against Hadadezer and had struck him down. For indeed, Toi was the enemy of Hadadezer. And in his hand were vessels of gold, and vessels of silver, and vessels of brass.
8:10. Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And [Joram] brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:
10. then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:
8:10 Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And [Joram] brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:
8:10 и послал Фой Иорама, сына своего, к царю Давиду, приветствовать его и благодарить его за то, что он воевал с Адраазаром и поразил его; ибо Адраазар вел войны с Фоем. В руках же {Иорама} были сосуды серебряные, золотые и медные.
8:10
καὶ και and; even
ἀπέστειλεν αποστελλω send off / away
Θοου θοου the
υἱὸν υιος son
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
πρὸς προς to; toward
βασιλέα βασιλευς monarch; king
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
ἐρωτῆσαι ερωταω question; request
αὐτὸν αυτος he; him
τὰ ο the
εἰς εις into; for
εἰρήνην ειρηνη peace
καὶ και and; even
εὐλογῆσαι ευλογεω commend; acclaim
αὐτὸν αυτος he; him
ὑπὲρ υπερ over; for
οὗ ος who; what
ἐπολέμησεν πολεμεω battle
τὸν ο the
Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ and; even
ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact
αὐτόν αυτος he; him
ὅτι οτι since; that
ἀντικείμενος αντικειμαι oppose
ἦν ειμι be
τῷ ο the
Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ and; even
ἐν εν in
ταῖς ο the
χερσὶν χειρ hand
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
ἦσαν ειμι be
σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar
ἀργυρᾶ αργυρεος of silver
καὶ και and; even
σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar
χρυσᾶ χρυσεος of gold; golden
καὶ και and; even
σκεύη σκευος vessel; jar
χαλκᾶ χαλκεος of brass
8:10
וַ wa וְ and
יִּשְׁלַ֣ח yyišlˈaḥ שׁלח send
תֹּ֣עִי tˈōʕî תֹּעוּ Tou
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
יֹֽורָם־ yˈôrām- יֹורָם Joram
בְּנֹ֣ו bᵊnˈô בֵּן son
אֶל־ ʔel- אֶל to
הַ ha הַ the
מֶּֽלֶךְ־ mmˈeleḵ- מֶלֶךְ king
דָּ֠וִד dāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David
לִ li לְ to
שְׁאָל־ šᵊʔāl- שׁאל ask
לֹ֨ו lˌô לְ to
לְ lᵊ לְ to
שָׁלֹ֜ום šālˈôm שָׁלֹום peace
וּֽ ˈû וְ and
לְ lᵊ לְ to
בָרֲכֹ֗ו vārᵃḵˈô ברך bless
עַל֩ ʕˌal עַל upon
אֲשֶׁ֨ר ʔᵃšˌer אֲשֶׁר [relative]
נִלְחַ֤ם nilḥˈam לחם fight
בַּ ba בְּ in
הֲדַדְעֶ֨זֶר֙ hᵃḏaḏʕˈezer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer
וַ wa וְ and
יַּכֵּ֔הוּ yyakkˈēhû נכה strike
כִּי־ kî- כִּי that
אִ֛ישׁ ʔˈîš אִישׁ man
מִלְחֲמֹ֥ות milḥᵃmˌôṯ מִלְחָמָה war
תֹּ֖עִי tˌōʕî תֹּעוּ Tou
הָיָ֣ה hāyˈā היה be
הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר hᵃḏaḏʕˈāzer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer
וּ û וְ and
בְ vᵊ בְּ in
יָדֹ֗ו yāḏˈô יָד hand
הָי֛וּ hāyˈû היה be
כְּלֵֽי־ kᵊlˈê- כְּלִי tool
כֶ֥סֶף ḵˌesef כֶּסֶף silver
וּ û וְ and
כְלֵֽי־ ḵᵊlˈê- כְּלִי tool
זָהָ֖ב zāhˌāv זָהָב gold
וּ û וְ and
כְלֵ֥י ḵᵊlˌê כְּלִי tool
נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃ nᵊḥˈōšeṯ נְחֹשֶׁת bronze
8:10. et misit Thou Ioram filium suum ad regem David ut salutaret eum congratulans et gratias ageret eo quod expugnasset Adadezer et percussisset eum hostis quippe erat Thou Adadezer et in manu eius erant vasa argentea et vasa aurea et vasa aerea
And Thou sent Joram his son to king David, to salute him, and to congratulate with him, and to return him thanks: because he had fought against Adarezer, and had defeated him. For Thou was an enemy to Adarezer, and in his hand were vessels of gold, and vessels of silver, and vessels of brass:
8:10. And so, Toi sent his son Joram to king David, so that he might greet him with congratulations, and give thanks, because he had fought against Hadadezer and had struck him down. For indeed, Toi was the enemy of Hadadezer. And in his hand were vessels of gold, and vessels of silver, and vessels of brass.
8:10. Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And [Joram] brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jg▾ gnv▾ tr▾ ab▾ all ▾
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:10: Joram - Or, more probably, Hadoram. See the margin.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:10: Joram: Ch1 18:10, Hadoram
salute him: Heb. ask him of peace, Gen 43:27; Isa 39:1
to bless him: Sa1 13:10 *marg. Kg1 1:47; Psa 129:8
had wars: Heb. was a man of wars
brought with him: Heb. in his hand were.
Geneva 1599
Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to (f) bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And [Joram] brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:
(f) For seeing David victorious, he was glad to ask for peace.
John Gill
Then Toi sent Joram his son unto King David,.... Who is called Hadoram in 1Chron 18:10; though the Syriac and Arabic versions read Joram there:
to salute him: to inquire of his welfare after his fatigue in the battles he had had with the Moabites and Syrians, and to wish him all happiness and prosperity for the future:
and to bless him; to congratulate him on his victory, and to wish him success in all after wars he might be engaged in; and particularly to give him thanks for delivering him from so great an enemy as Hadadezer had been to him, as also to bring a present to him, which is sometimes called a blessing; see Gen 33:11,
because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him; that is, David had, which had endeared him to Toi:
for Hadadezer had wars with Toi; was an enemy of his, sought to take his kingdom from him, and had had many battles with him: and though he could not conquer him, he sadly harassed him, being too mighty for him:
and Joram brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold,
and vessels of brass; as a present to David, in gratitude for his deliverance from his enemy by him, and as a token of his homage and subjection to him; at least as a sign that he put himself under his protection, and desired to be his friend and ally. The word "Joram", though not in the Hebrew text, is rightly supplied; for none else can be supposed to bring the present.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Joram--or Hadoram (1Chron 18:10).
8:118:11: Եւ սրբեաց զայն արքայ Դաւիթ Տեառն ընդ արծաթոյն եւ ընդ ոսկւոյն, զոր սրբեաց յամենայն պատերազմաց որոց յաղթեաց[3229]. [3229] Յօրինակին պակասէր. Սրբեաց զայն արքայ Դաւիթ։
11 Դաւիթ արքան այս ամէնը Տիրոջը նուիրաբերեց, ինչպէս նուիրաբերել էր իր յաղթած բոլոր ազգերից՝ եդոմայեցիներից, մովաբացիներից, ամոնացիներից,
11 Դաւիթ թագաւորը զանոնք ալ Տէրոջը նուիրեց, միւս նուիրած արծաթին ու ոսկիին հետ, որոնք բոլոր իր յաղթած ազգերէն առեր էր՝
Եւ սրբեաց զայն արքայ Դաւիթ Տեառն ընդ արծաթոյն եւ ընդ ոսկւոյն, զոր սրբեաց յամենայն պատերազմաց որոց յաղթեաց:

8:11: Եւ սրբեաց զայն արքայ Դաւիթ Տեառն ընդ արծաթոյն եւ ընդ ոսկւոյն, զոր սրբեաց յամենայն պատերազմաց որոց յաղթեաց[3229].
[3229] Յօրինակին պակասէր. Սրբեաց զայն արքայ Դաւիթ։
11 Դաւիթ արքան այս ամէնը Տիրոջը նուիրաբերեց, ինչպէս նուիրաբերել էր իր յաղթած բոլոր ազգերից՝ եդոմայեցիներից, մովաբացիներից, ամոնացիներից,
11 Դաւիթ թագաւորը զանոնք ալ Տէրոջը նուիրեց, միւս նուիրած արծաթին ու ոսկիին հետ, որոնք բոլոր իր յաղթած ազգերէն առեր էր՝
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:118:11 Их также посвятил царь Давид Господу, вместе с серебром и золотом, которое посвятил из {отнятого} у всех покоренных им народов:
8:11 καὶ και and; even ταῦτα ουτος this; he ἡγίασεν αγιαζω hallow ὁ ο the βασιλεὺς βασιλευς monarch; king Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith τῷ ο the κυρίῳ κυριος lord; master μετὰ μετα with; amid τοῦ ο the ἀργυρίου αργυριον silver piece; money καὶ και and; even μετὰ μετα with; amid τοῦ ο the χρυσίου χρυσιον gold piece; gold leaf οὗ ος who; what ἡγίασεν αγιαζω hallow ἐκ εκ from; out of πασῶν πας all; every τῶν ο the πόλεων πολις city ὧν ος who; what κατεδυνάστευσεν καταδυναστευω tyrannize
8:11 גַּם־ gam- גַּם even אֹתָ֕ם ʔōṯˈām אֵת [object marker] הִקְדִּ֛ישׁ hiqdˈîš קדשׁ be holy הַ ha הַ the מֶּ֥לֶךְ mmˌeleḵ מֶלֶךְ king דָּוִ֖ד dāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David לַֽ lˈa לְ to יהוָ֑ה [yhwˈāh] יְהוָה YHWH עִם־ ʕim- עִם with הַ ha הַ the כֶּ֤סֶף kkˈesef כֶּסֶף silver וְ wᵊ וְ and הַ ha הַ the זָּהָב֙ zzāhˌāv זָהָב gold אֲשֶׁ֣ר ʔᵃšˈer אֲשֶׁר [relative] הִקְדִּ֔ישׁ hiqdˈîš קדשׁ be holy מִ mi מִן from כָּל־ kkol- כֹּל whole הַ ha הַ the גֹּויִ֖ם ggôyˌim גֹּוי people אֲשֶׁ֥ר ʔᵃšˌer אֲשֶׁר [relative] כִּבֵּֽשׁ׃ kibbˈēš כבשׁ subdue
8:11. quae et ipsa sanctificavit rex David Domino cum argento et auro quae sanctificaverat de universis gentibus quas subegeratAnd king David dedicated them to the Lord, together with the silver and gold that he had dedicated of all the nations, which he had subdued:
8:11. And king David also sanctified these things to the Lord, with the silver and gold that he had sanctified from all the peoples whom he had subdued:
8:11. Which also king David did dedicate unto the LORD, with the silver and gold that he had dedicated of all nations which he subdued;
11. These also did king David dedicate unto the LORD, with the silver and gold that he dedicated of all the nations which he subdued;
8:11 Which also king David did dedicate unto the LORD, with the silver and gold that he had dedicated of all nations which he subdued:
8:11 Их также посвятил царь Давид Господу, вместе с серебром и золотом, которое посвятил из {отнятого} у всех покоренных им народов:
8:11
καὶ και and; even
ταῦτα ουτος this; he
ἡγίασεν αγιαζω hallow
ὁ ο the
βασιλεὺς βασιλευς monarch; king
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
τῷ ο the
κυρίῳ κυριος lord; master
μετὰ μετα with; amid
τοῦ ο the
ἀργυρίου αργυριον silver piece; money
καὶ και and; even
μετὰ μετα with; amid
τοῦ ο the
χρυσίου χρυσιον gold piece; gold leaf
οὗ ος who; what
ἡγίασεν αγιαζω hallow
ἐκ εκ from; out of
πασῶν πας all; every
τῶν ο the
πόλεων πολις city
ὧν ος who; what
κατεδυνάστευσεν καταδυναστευω tyrannize
8:11
גַּם־ gam- גַּם even
אֹתָ֕ם ʔōṯˈām אֵת [object marker]
הִקְדִּ֛ישׁ hiqdˈîš קדשׁ be holy
הַ ha הַ the
מֶּ֥לֶךְ mmˌeleḵ מֶלֶךְ king
דָּוִ֖ד dāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David
לַֽ lˈa לְ to
יהוָ֑ה [yhwˈāh] יְהוָה YHWH
עִם־ ʕim- עִם with
הַ ha הַ the
כֶּ֤סֶף kkˈesef כֶּסֶף silver
וְ wᵊ וְ and
הַ ha הַ the
זָּהָב֙ zzāhˌāv זָהָב gold
אֲשֶׁ֣ר ʔᵃšˈer אֲשֶׁר [relative]
הִקְדִּ֔ישׁ hiqdˈîš קדשׁ be holy
מִ mi מִן from
כָּל־ kkol- כֹּל whole
הַ ha הַ the
גֹּויִ֖ם ggôyˌim גֹּוי people
אֲשֶׁ֥ר ʔᵃšˌer אֲשֶׁר [relative]
כִּבֵּֽשׁ׃ kibbˈēš כבשׁ subdue
8:11. quae et ipsa sanctificavit rex David Domino cum argento et auro quae sanctificaverat de universis gentibus quas subegerat
And king David dedicated them to the Lord, together with the silver and gold that he had dedicated of all the nations, which he had subdued:
8:11. And king David also sanctified these things to the Lord, with the silver and gold that he had sanctified from all the peoples whom he had subdued:
8:11. Which also king David did dedicate unto the LORD, with the silver and gold that he had dedicated of all nations which he subdued;
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jg▾ kad▾ tr▾ all ▾
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:11: Which: Kg1 7:51; Ch1 18:11, Ch1 22:14-16, Ch1 26:26-28, Ch1 29:2; Mic 4:13
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

David also sanctified Toi's presents to the Lord (handed them over to the treasury of the sanctuary), together with the silver and gold which he had sanctified from all the conquered nations, from Aram, Moab, etc. Instead of הקדּישׁ אשׁר the text of the Chronicles has נשׂא אשׁר, which he took, i.e., took as booty. Both are equally correct; there is simply a somewhat different turn given to the thought.
(Note: Bertheau erroneously maintains that נשׂא אשׁר, which he took, is at variance with 2Kings 8:7, as, according to this passage, the golden shields of Hadadezer did not become the property of the Lord. But there is not a word to that effect in 2Kings 8:7. On the contrary, his taking the shields to Jerusalem implies, rather than precludes, the intention to devote them to the purposes of the sanctuary.)
In the enumeration of the conquered nations in 2Kings 8:12, the text of the Chronicles differs from that of the book before us. In the first place, we find "from Edom" instead of "from Aram;" and secondly, the clause "and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob king of Zobah," is altogether wanting there. The text of the Chronicles is certainly faulty here, as the name of Aram (Syria) could not possibly be omitted. Edom could much better be left out, not "because the conquest of Edom belonged to a later period," as Movers maintains, but because the conquest of Edom is mentioned for the first time in the subsequent verses. But if we bear in mind that in 2Kings 8:12 of both texts not only are those tribes enumerated the conquest of which had been already noticed, but all the tribes that David ever defeated and subjugated, even the Ammonites and Amalekites, to the war with whom no allusion whatever is made in the present chapter, we shall see that Edom could not be omitted. Consequently "from Syria" must have dropped out of the text of the Chronicles, and "from Edom" out of the one before us; so that the text in both instances ran originally thus, "from Syria, and from Edom, and from Moab." For even in the text before us, "from Aram" (Syria) could not well be omitted, notwithstanding the fact that the booty of Hadadezer is specially mentioned at the close of the verse, for the simple reason that David not only made war upon Syria-Zobah (the kingdom of Hadadezer) and subdued it, but also upon Syria-Damascus, which was quite independent of Zobah.
John Gill
Which also King David did dedicate unto the Lord,.... He devoted it to sacred uses, particularly to the building of the house of the Lord, as he also had the gold and the brass he took from Hadadezer: together
with the silver and the gold he had dedicated of all nations which he subdued; who are after particularly mentioned; he did not convert the spoils he took to his own use, but observed the law God gave to the kings of Israel, that they should not greatly multiply to themselves silver and gold, Deut 17:17. He set it apart, and laid it up for the service of the sanctuary; and this accounts for the abundance of gold, silver, and brass, which David had amassed together, and left to his son Solomon to build the temple with; see 1Chron 28:1.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Which also king David did dedicate unto the Lord--Eastern princes have always been accustomed to hoard up vast quantities of gold. This is the first instance of a practice uniformly followed by David of reserving, after defraying expenses and bestowing suitable rewards upon his soldiers, the remainder of the spoil taken in war, to accumulate for the grand project of his life--the erection of a national temple at Jerusalem.
8:128:12: յԵդովմայ, եւ ՚ի Մովաբայ, եւ յորդւոցն Ամոնայ, եւ յայլազգեացն, եւ յԱմաղեկայ, եւ յաւարէ Ադրաազարայ որդւոյ Ռովբայ արքայի Սուբայ.
12 այլազգիներից, ամաղէկացիներից եւ Սուբայի արքայի՝ Ռոբի որդի Ադրաազարից գրաւած արծաթն ու ոսկին:
12 Ասորիներէն, Մովաբէն, Ամմոնի որդիներէն, Փղշտացիներէն, Ամաղէկէն եւ Սուբայի թագաւորին, Ռուբին որդիին Ադրազարին աւարէն։
[112]յԵդովմայ եւ ի Մովաբայ եւ յորդւոցն Ամոնայ եւ յայլազգեացն եւ յԱմաղեկայ, եւ յաւարէ Ադրաազարայ որդւոյ Ռովբայ արքայի Սուբայ:

8:12: յԵդովմայ, եւ ՚ի Մովաբայ, եւ յորդւոցն Ամոնայ, եւ յայլազգեացն, եւ յԱմաղեկայ, եւ յաւարէ Ադրաազարայ որդւոյ Ռովբայ արքայի Սուբայ.
12 այլազգիներից, ամաղէկացիներից եւ Սուբայի արքայի՝ Ռոբի որդի Ադրաազարից գրաւած արծաթն ու ոսկին:
12 Ասորիներէն, Մովաբէն, Ամմոնի որդիներէն, Փղշտացիներէն, Ամաղէկէն եւ Սուբայի թագաւորին, Ռուբին որդիին Ադրազարին աւարէն։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:128:12 у Сирийцев, и Моавитян, и Аммонитян, и Филистимлян, и Амаликитян, и из отнятого у Адраазара, сына Реховова, царя Сувского.
8:12 ἐκ εκ from; out of τῆς ο the Ιδουμαίας ιδουμαια Idoumaia; Ithumea καὶ και and; even ἐκ εκ from; out of τῆς ο the γῆς γη earth; land Μωαβ μωαβ and; even ἐκ εκ from; out of τῶν ο the υἱῶν υιος son Αμμων αμμων and; even ἐκ εκ from; out of τῶν ο the ἀλλοφύλων αλλοφυλος foreigner καὶ και and; even ἐξ εκ from; out of Αμαληκ αμαληκ and; even ἐκ εκ from; out of τῶν ο the σκύλων σκυλον spoil Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ son Ρααβ ρααβ Rahab βασιλέως βασιλευς monarch; king Σουβα σουβα Souba; Suva
8:12 מֵ mē מִן from אֲרָ֤ם ʔᵃrˈām אֲרָם Aram וּ û וְ and מִ mi מִן from מֹּואָב֙ mmôʔˌāv מֹואָב Moab וּ û וְ and מִ mi מִן from בְּנֵ֣י bbᵊnˈê בֵּן son עַמֹּ֔ון ʕammˈôn עַמֹּון Ammon וּ û וְ and מִ mi מִן from פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים ppᵊlištˌîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine וּ û וְ and מֵֽ mˈē מִן from עֲמָלֵ֑ק ʕᵃmālˈēq עֲמָלֵק Amalek וּ û וְ and מִ mi מִן from שְּׁלַ֛ל ššᵊlˈal שָׁלָל plunder הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר hᵃḏaḏʕˌezer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son רְחֹ֖ב rᵊḥˌōv רְחֹב Rehob מֶ֥לֶךְ mˌeleḵ מֶלֶךְ king צֹובָֽה׃ ṣôvˈā צֹובָא Zobah
8:12. de Syria et Moab et filiis Ammon et Philisthim et Amalech et de manubiis Adadezer filii Roob regis SobaOf Syria, and of Moab, and of the children Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalec, and of the spoils of Adarezer the son of Rohob king of Soba.
8:12. from Syria, and Moab, and the sons Ammon, and the Philistines, and Amalek, and from the best spoils of Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, the king of Zobah.
8:12. Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
12. of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
8:12 Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah:
8:12 у Сирийцев, и Моавитян, и Аммонитян, и Филистимлян, и Амаликитян, и из отнятого у Адраазара, сына Реховова, царя Сувского.
8:12
ἐκ εκ from; out of
τῆς ο the
Ιδουμαίας ιδουμαια Idoumaia; Ithumea
καὶ και and; even
ἐκ εκ from; out of
τῆς ο the
γῆς γη earth; land
Μωαβ μωαβ and; even
ἐκ εκ from; out of
τῶν ο the
υἱῶν υιος son
Αμμων αμμων and; even
ἐκ εκ from; out of
τῶν ο the
ἀλλοφύλων αλλοφυλος foreigner
καὶ και and; even
ἐξ εκ from; out of
Αμαληκ αμαληκ and; even
ἐκ εκ from; out of
τῶν ο the
σκύλων σκυλον spoil
Αδρααζαρ αδρααζαρ son
Ρααβ ρααβ Rahab
βασιλέως βασιλευς monarch; king
Σουβα σουβα Souba; Suva
8:12
מֵ mē מִן from
אֲרָ֤ם ʔᵃrˈām אֲרָם Aram
וּ û וְ and
מִ mi מִן from
מֹּואָב֙ mmôʔˌāv מֹואָב Moab
וּ û וְ and
מִ mi מִן from
בְּנֵ֣י bbᵊnˈê בֵּן son
עַמֹּ֔ון ʕammˈôn עַמֹּון Ammon
וּ û וְ and
מִ mi מִן from
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים ppᵊlištˌîm פְּלִשְׁתִּי Philistine
וּ û וְ and
מֵֽ mˈē מִן from
עֲמָלֵ֑ק ʕᵃmālˈēq עֲמָלֵק Amalek
וּ û וְ and
מִ mi מִן from
שְּׁלַ֛ל ššᵊlˈal שָׁלָל plunder
הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר hᵃḏaḏʕˌezer הֲדַדְעֶזֶר Hadadezer
בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son
רְחֹ֖ב rᵊḥˌōv רְחֹב Rehob
מֶ֥לֶךְ mˌeleḵ מֶלֶךְ king
צֹובָֽה׃ ṣôvˈā צֹובָא Zobah
8:12. de Syria et Moab et filiis Ammon et Philisthim et Amalech et de manubiis Adadezer filii Roob regis Soba
Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalec, and of the spoils of Adarezer the son of Rohob king of Soba.
8:12. from Syria, and Moab, and the sons Ammon, and the Philistines, and Amalek, and from the best spoils of Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, the king of Zobah.
8:12. Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jg▾ tr▾ ab▾ all ▾
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:12: Syria - Rather, as in Ch1 18:11, Edom, which is manifestly the right reading, both because Edom, Moab, and Ammon are so frequently joined together, and because David's Syrian spoil is expressly mentioned at the end of the verse. (The Hebrew letters for Aram (Syria) and Edom are very similar.)
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:12: Syria: Sa2 10:11, Sa2 10:14, Sa2 12:26-31; Ch1 18:11
John Gill
Of Syria,.... Of Syria of Damascus, as distinct from Syriazobah, Hadadezer was king of, after mentioned; this is omitted in 1Chron 18:11,
and of Moab: who brought him gifts and presents, and were tributaries to him, 2Kings 8:2,
and of the children of Ammon; who very probably joined the Moabites, and were conquered and spoiled at the same time:
and of the Philistines; when Methegammah was taken from them, 2Kings 8:1,
and of Amalek; for though we have no account of any war of his with that people, since he was king, yet he doubtless had, and had been victorious and spoiled them; see Ps 83:7,
and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah; see 2Kings 8:3. These conquests of David, are confirmed by the testimony of Eupolemus, an Heathen writer, who says that he overcame the Syrians by Euphrates, and the Assyrians in Galadene (or Gilead), and the Phoenicians; that he fought against the Idumeans (or Edomites), the Ammonites, Moabites, Ituraeans, Nabathaeans, and Nabdaeans; also against Syron king of Tyre and Phoenicia; all of whom he obliged to pay tribute to the Jews (a).
(a) Apud Euseb. Praepar. Evangel. l. 9. c. 30. p. 447.
8:138:13: եւ արար Դաւիթ անուն։ Եւ ՚ի դառնալ իւրում եհա՛ր Դաւիթ զԱսորիս ՚ի Գաբեղ՚եմ յութուտա՛սն հազար[3230]։ [3230] Ոմանք. ԶԱսորիս ՚ի Գարբիղեմ։
13 Դաւիթն անուանի դարձաւ: Երբ վերադառնում էր, Դաւիթը Գաբեղեմում հարուածեց ասորիներին եւ տասնութ հազար մարդ կոտորեց:
13 Դաւիթ երբ Աղի ձորին մէջ տասնըութը հազար Ասորիներ կոտորեց ու ետ դարձաւ, մեծ անուն վաստկեցաւ։
Եւ արար Դաւիթ [113]անուն. եւ ի դառնալ իւրում եհար Դաւիթ զԱսորիս ի Գաբեղեմ`` յութուտասն հազար:

8:13: եւ արար Դաւիթ անուն։ Եւ ՚ի դառնալ իւրում եհա՛ր Դաւիթ զԱսորիս ՚ի Գաբեղ՚եմ յութուտա՛սն հազար[3230]։
[3230] Ոմանք. ԶԱսորիս ՚ի Գարբիղեմ։
13 Դաւիթն անուանի դարձաւ: Երբ վերադառնում էր, Դաւիթը Գաբեղեմում հարուածեց ասորիներին եւ տասնութ հազար մարդ կոտորեց:
13 Դաւիթ երբ Աղի ձորին մէջ տասնըութը հազար Ասորիներ կոտորեց ու ետ դարձաւ, մեծ անուն վաստկեցաւ։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:138:13 И сделал Давид себе имя, возвращаясь с поражения восемнадцати тысяч Сирийцев в долине Соленой.
8:13 καὶ και and; even ἐποίησεν ποιεω do; make Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith ὄνομα ονομα name; notable καὶ και and; even ἐν εν in τῷ ο the ἀνακάμπτειν ανακαμπτω bend back; revert αὐτὸν αυτος he; him ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact τὴν ο the Ιδουμαίαν ιδουμαια Idoumaia; Ithumea ἐν εν in Γαιμελε γαιμελε into; for ὀκτωκαίδεκα οκτωκαιδεκα thousand
8:13 וַ wa וְ and יַּ֤עַשׂ yyˈaʕaś עשׂה make דָּוִד֙ dāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David שֵׁ֔ם šˈēm שֵׁם name בְּ bᵊ בְּ in שֻׁבֹ֕ו šuvˈô שׁוב return מֵ mē מִן from הַכֹּותֹ֥ו hakkôṯˌô נכה strike אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] אֲרָ֖ם ʔᵃrˌām אֲרָם Aram בְּ bᵊ בְּ in גֵיא־מֶ֑לַח ḡê-mˈelaḥ גֵּיא מֶלַח the Valley of Salt שְׁמֹונָ֥ה šᵊmônˌā שְׁמֹנֶה eight עָשָׂ֖ר ʕāśˌār עָשָׂר -teen אָֽלֶף׃ ʔˈālef אֶלֶף thousand
8:13. fecit quoque sibi David nomen cum reverteretur capta Syria in valle Salinarum caesis duodecim milibusDavid also made himself a name, when he returned after taking Syria in the valley of the saltpits, killing eighteen thousand:
8:13. David also made a name for himself when he returned from seizing Syria, in the Valley of the Salt Pits, having cut down eighteen thousand.
8:13. And David gat [him] a name when he returned from smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, [being] eighteen thousand [men].
13. And David gat him a name when he returned from smiting of the Syrians in the Valley of Salt, even eighteen thousand men.
8:13 And David gat [him] a name when he returned from smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, [being] eighteen thousand:
8:13 И сделал Давид себе имя, возвращаясь с поражения восемнадцати тысяч Сирийцев в долине Соленой.
8:13
καὶ και and; even
ἐποίησεν ποιεω do; make
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
ὄνομα ονομα name; notable
καὶ και and; even
ἐν εν in
τῷ ο the
ἀνακάμπτειν ανακαμπτω bend back; revert
αὐτὸν αυτος he; him
ἐπάταξεν πατασσω pat; impact
τὴν ο the
Ιδουμαίαν ιδουμαια Idoumaia; Ithumea
ἐν εν in
Γαιμελε γαιμελε into; for
ὀκτωκαίδεκα οκτωκαιδεκα thousand
8:13
וַ wa וְ and
יַּ֤עַשׂ yyˈaʕaś עשׂה make
דָּוִד֙ dāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David
שֵׁ֔ם šˈēm שֵׁם name
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
שֻׁבֹ֕ו šuvˈô שׁוב return
מֵ mē מִן from
הַכֹּותֹ֥ו hakkôṯˌô נכה strike
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
אֲרָ֖ם ʔᵃrˌām אֲרָם Aram
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
גֵיא־מֶ֑לַח ḡê-mˈelaḥ גֵּיא מֶלַח the Valley of Salt
שְׁמֹונָ֥ה šᵊmônˌā שְׁמֹנֶה eight
עָשָׂ֖ר ʕāśˌār עָשָׂר -teen
אָֽלֶף׃ ʔˈālef אֶלֶף thousand
8:13. fecit quoque sibi David nomen cum reverteretur capta Syria in valle Salinarum caesis duodecim milibus
David also made himself a name, when he returned after taking Syria in the valley of the saltpits, killing eighteen thousand:
8:13. David also made a name for himself when he returned from seizing Syria, in the Valley of the Salt Pits, having cut down eighteen thousand.
8:13. And David gat [him] a name when he returned from smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, [being] eighteen thousand [men].
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jg▾ kad▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
13: Параллельное этому место в 1: Пар. XVIII:12: читается так: "И Авесса, сын Саруи, поразил Идумеян на долине Соляной восемнадцать тысяч". Означенное обстоятельство, а также то, что в предшествовавших стихах ничего не говорится о поражении восемнадцати тысяч Сирийцев (4-5: стихи сообщают иные цифры), заставляют нас предполагать, что 2: Цар. VIII:13: относится не к предшествовавшим, а к следующему - 14: стиху и что вместо Сирийцев следует здесь читать Идумеян. И сделал Давид себе имя, т. е. прославился.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
8:13: David gat him a name - Became a very celebrated and eminent man. The Targum has it, David collected troops; namely, to recruit his army when he returned from smiting the Syrians. His many battles had no doubt greatly thinned his army.
The valley of salt - Supposed to be a large plain abounding in this mineral, about a league from the city of Palmyra or Tadmor in the wilderness.
2 Kings (2 Samuel) 8:14
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:13: The Syrians - Read the Edomites, as in marginal references (compare Psa 60:1-12 title), and as the context Sa2 8:14 requires. For a further account of this war of extermination with Edom, see Kg1 11:15-16. The war with Edom was of some duration, not without serious Rev_erses and dangers to the Israelites (Sa2 8:2 note). The different accounts probably relate to different parts of the campaign.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:13: gat him: Sa2 7:9; Ch1 18:12; Psa 60:1 *title
smiting: Heb. his smiting
the valley of salt: Kg2 14:7; Ch2 25:11
being: or, slaying
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

"And David made (himself) a name, when he returned from smiting (i.e., from the defeat of) Aram, (and smote Edom) in the valley of Salt, eighteen thousand men." The words enclosed in brackets are wanting in the Masoretic text as it has come down to us, and must have fallen out from a mistake of the copyist, whose eye strayed from את־ארם to את־אדום; for though the text is not "utterly unintelligible" without these words, since the passage might be rendered "after he had smitten Aram in the valley of Salt eighteen thousand men," yet this would be decidedly incorrect, as the Aramaeans were not smitten in the valley of Salt, but partly at Medeba (1Chron 19:7) and Helam (2Kings 10:17), and partly in their own land, which was very far away from the Salt valley. Moreover, the difficulty presented by the text cannot be removed, as Movers supposes, by changing את־ארם (Syria) into את־אדום (Edom), as the expression בּשׁבו ("when he returned") would still be unexplained. The facts were probably these: Whilst David, or rather Israel, was entangled in the war with the Ammonites and Aramaeans, the Edomites seized upon the opportunity, which appeared to them a very favourable one, to invade the land of Israel, and advanced as far as the southern extremity of the Dead Sea. As soon, therefore, as the Aramaeans were defeated and subjugated, and the Israelitish army had returned from this war, David ordered it to march against the Edomites, and defeated them in the valley of Salt. This valley cannot have been any other than the Ghor adjoining the Salt mountain on the south of the Dead Sea, which really separates the ancient territories of Judah and Edom (Robinson, Pal. ii. 483). There Amaziah also smote the Edomites at a later period (4Kings 14:7). We gather more concerning this war of David from the text of the Chronicles (2Kings 8:12) taken in connection with 3Kings 11:15-16, and Ps 60:2. According to the Chronicles, it was Abishai the son of Zeruiah who smote the Edomites. This agrees very well not only with the account in 2Kings 10:10., to the effect that Abishai commanded a company in the war with the Syrians and Ammonites under the generalship of his brother Joab, but also with the heading to Ps 60:1-12, in which it is stated that Joab returned after the defeat of Aram, and smote the Edomites in the valley of Salt, twelve thousand men; and with 3Kings 11:15-16, in which we read that when David was in Edom, Joab, the captain of the host, came up to bury the slain, and smote every male in Edom, and remained six months in Edom with all Israel, till he had cut off every male in Edom. From this casual but yet elaborate notice, we learn that the war with the Edomites was a very obstinate one, and was not terminated all at once. The difference as to the number slain, which is stated to have been 18,000 in the text before us and in the Chronicles, and 12,000 in the heading to Ps 60:1-12, may be explained in a very simple manner, on the supposition that the reckonings made were only approximative, and yielded different results;
(Note: Michaelis adduces a case in point from the Seven Years' War. After the battle of Lissa, eight or twelve thousand men were reported to have been taken prisoners; but when they were all counted, including those who fell into the hands of the conquerors on the second, third, and fourth days of the flight, the number amounted to 22,000.)
and the fact that David is named as the victor in the verse before us, Joab in Ps 60:1-12, and Abishai in the Chronicles, admits of a very easy explanation after what has just been observed. The Chronicles contain the most literal account. Abishai smote the Edomites as commander of the men engaged, Joab as commander-in-chief of the whole army, and David as king and supreme governor, of whom the writer of the Chronicles affirms, "The Lord helped David in all his undertakings." After the defeat of the Edomites, David placed garrisons in the land, and made all Edom subject to himself. 2Kings 8:15-18. David's Ministers. - To the account of David's wars and victories there is appended a list of his official attendants, which is introduced with a general remark as to the spirit of his government. As king over all Israel, David continued to execute right and justice.
John Gill
And David gat him a name,.... Fame and reputation in the several nations of the world for valour and courage, for the many and signal victories that he obtained; the Jewish writers generally refer this to his humanity in burying the dead bodies of his enemies slain in war, which gained him great esteem among all, and even his very enemies; but nothing of that kind is pointed at here, but his conquests: or "he made himself a name"; erected a triumphal arch (b) in memory of his victories:
when he returned from smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt,
being eighteen thousand men; in the relation of this fact in different places some difficulties arise, both as to the people smitten, and their numbers, and by whom; in this place they are said to be Syrians, but in 1Chron 18:12, and in the title of Ps 60:1, which was composed on account of these victories, they are called Edomites, and said to be of Edom; which may be reconciled by observing, that the Syrians and Edomites were confederates in this war; and that whereas the latter were auxiliaries to the former, the whole body of the army might be called Syrians, of which twenty two thousand were slain that were properly Syrians, and eighteen thousand Edomites, in all forty thousand; which was a very great slaughter: or the sense is, that when he had smitten the twenty two thousand Syrians, and was upon the return, he met with a body of Edomites, who came to the assistance of the Syrians, and he slew eighteen thousand of them; and the Jews say, as Jarchi observes, there were two battles; and if so, this would remove all the difficulties started; as for the numbers slain, here eighteen thousand, and Ps 60:1, twelve thousand, it is reconciled by observing, that Abishai first began the attack upon the Edomites, and slew six thousand of them; and then Joab fell upon them, and slew twelve thousand more, in all eighteen thousand; in 1Chron 18:12, this slaughter is ascribed to Abishai, because he began it, even the whole number; and in Ps 60:1, to Joab, the twelve thousand slain by him, who seconded Abishai; and the whole is here attributed to David, because he was king, under whom Abishai and Joab served as generals: and no less difficult is it to ascertain the place where this slaughter was made, called "the valley of salt": it seems by our text that it was in Syria, but in other places as if it was in Edom; see 4Kings 14:7; but in Edom itself is no such valley to be found, though there is in Syria; one traveller (c) tells us, that in the way from Aleppo to the banks of Euphrates are many villages, among which is one of note, called Tedith, famous for a synod held here by the Jews, in the year from the creation 3498, of which Ezra was the scribe; when were placed the books of the Old Testament in the order in which they now are; and near this town, he says, is the valley of salt, memorable for the victory here recorded: others say (d) about three or four hours' journey from Aleppo is the valley of salt, near which is a salt spring, whose waters running over the place leave, when dried by the sun, a great quantity of excellent salt; this salt is thrown together in the Gabboul, or salt house; but by others (e) we are informed, that near about an hour's distance from the city of Tadmor, see 3Kings 9:18 2Chron 8:3, is to be seen a large valley of salt, affording great quantities thereof; and it is thought that this is more probably the valley of salt mentioned here, than another which lies about four hours from Aleppo, and has sometimes passed for it; and which the above accounts show: but a modern writer (f), in his account of Palmyra, the same with Tadmor, speaks of a great plain, all covered with salt, from whence the whole country round is supplied. This plain is about a league from Palmyra, and extends itself towards the eastern part of Idumea (or Edom) the capital city of which was Bozra; and indeed this valley being both in Syria, and reaching to the borders of Edom, bids fair to be the valley here spoken of.
(b) So Hieron. Trad. Heb. in 2 Reg. fol. 78. D. (c) Cartwright's Preacher's Travels, p. 11. (d) Egmont and Heyman's Travels, vol. 2. p. 347. (e) See Lowthorp's Philosophical Transactions abridged, vol. 3. p. 504. (f) Halifax apud Calmet's Dictionary in the Word "Salt".
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
David gat him a name when he returned from smiting of the Syrians--Instead of Syrians, the Septuagint version reads "Edomites," which is the true reading, as is evident from 2Kings 8:14. This conquest, made by the army of David, was due to the skilful generalship and gallantry of Abishai and Joab. (1Chron 18:12; compare Ps 60:1, title.) The valley was the ravine of salt (the Ghor), adjoining the Salt Mountain, at the southwestern extremity of the Dead Sea, separating the ancient territories of Judah and Edom [ROBINSON].
8:148:14: Եւ եդ յԵդոմ պահակապանս յամենայն Եդովմայեցիս, եւ եղեն ամենայն Եդովմայեցիք ծառա՛յք արքայի։ Եւ փրկեա՛ց Տէր զԴաւիթ ամենայն ուրեք ուր եւ երթայր։
14 Նա Եդոմի մէջ՝ եդոմայեցիների երկրի բոլոր տեղերում բերդապահ զօրքեր դրեց, եւ բոլոր եդոմայեցիները դարձան արքայի հպատակները: Տէրը հովանաւորում էր Դաւթին ամենուրեք, ուր էլ որ նա գնում էր:
14 Եդովմի մէջ բերդապահ զօրքեր դրաւ. բոլոր Եդովմի երկրին մէջ բերդապահ զօրքեր դրաւ եւ բոլոր Եդովմայեցիները Դաւիթին ծառայ եղան ու Դաւիթ ուր որ կ’երթար, Տէրը անոր յաջողութիւն կու տար։
Եւ եդ յԵդոմ պահակապանս` յամենայն Եդովմայեցիս[114], եւ եղեն ամենայն Եդովմայեցիք ծառայք արքայի. եւ փրկեաց Տէր զԴաւիթ ամենայն ուրեք ուր եւ երթայր:

8:14: Եւ եդ յԵդոմ պահակապանս յամենայն Եդովմայեցիս, եւ եղեն ամենայն Եդովմայեցիք ծառա՛յք արքայի։ Եւ փրկեա՛ց Տէր զԴաւիթ ամենայն ուրեք ուր եւ երթայր։
14 Նա Եդոմի մէջ՝ եդոմայեցիների երկրի բոլոր տեղերում բերդապահ զօրքեր դրեց, եւ բոլոր եդոմայեցիները դարձան արքայի հպատակները: Տէրը հովանաւորում էր Դաւթին ամենուրեք, ուր էլ որ նա գնում էր:
14 Եդովմի մէջ բերդապահ զօրքեր դրաւ. բոլոր Եդովմի երկրին մէջ բերդապահ զօրքեր դրաւ եւ բոլոր Եդովմայեցիները Դաւիթին ծառայ եղան ու Դաւիթ ուր որ կ’երթար, Տէրը անոր յաջողութիւն կու տար։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:148:14 И поставил он охранные войска в Идумее; во всей Идумее поставил охранные войска, и все Идумеяне были рабами Давиду. И хранил Господь Давида везде, куда он ни ходил.
8:14 καὶ και and; even ἔθετο τιθημι put; make ἐν εν in τῇ ο the Ιδουμαίᾳ ιδουμαια Idoumaia; Ithumea φρουράν φρουρα in πάσῃ πας all; every τῇ ο the Ιδουμαίᾳ ιδουμαια Idoumaia; Ithumea καὶ και and; even ἐγένοντο γινομαι happen; become πάντες πας all; every οἱ ο the Ιδουμαῖοι ιδουμαιος subject τῷ ο the βασιλεῖ βασιλευς monarch; king καὶ και and; even ἔσωσεν σωζω save κύριος κυριος lord; master τὸν ο the Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith ἐν εν in πᾶσιν πας all; every οἷς ος who; what ἐπορεύετο πορευομαι travel; go
8:14 וַ wa וְ and יָּ֨שֶׂם yyˌāśem שׂים put בֶּ be בְּ in אֱדֹ֜ום ʔᵉḏˈôm אֱדֹום Edom נְצִבִ֗ים nᵊṣivˈîm נְצִיב pillar בְּ bᵊ בְּ in כָל־ ḵol- כֹּל whole אֱדֹום֙ ʔᵉḏôm אֱדֹום Edom שָׂ֣ם śˈām שׂים put נְצִבִ֔ים nᵊṣivˈîm נְצִיב pillar וַ wa וְ and יְהִ֥י yᵊhˌî היה be כָל־ ḵol- כֹּל whole אֱדֹ֖ום ʔᵉḏˌôm אֱדֹום Edom עֲבָדִ֣ים ʕᵃvāḏˈîm עֶבֶד servant לְ lᵊ לְ to דָוִ֑ד ḏāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David וַ wa וְ and יֹּ֤ושַׁע yyˈôšaʕ ישׁע help יְהוָה֙ [yᵊhwˌāh] יְהוָה YHWH אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker] דָּוִ֔ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David בְּ bᵊ בְּ in כֹ֖ל ḵˌōl כֹּל whole אֲשֶׁ֥ר ʔᵃšˌer אֲשֶׁר [relative] הָלָֽךְ׃ hālˈāḵ הלך walk
8:14. et posuit in Idumea custodes statuitque praesidium et facta est universa Idumea serviens David et servavit Dominus David in omnibus ad quaecumque profectus estAnd he put guards in Edom, and placed there a garrison: and all Edom was made to serve David: and the Lord preserved David in all enterprises he went about.
8:14. And he positioned guards in Edom, and he stationed a garrison. And all of Edom was made to serve David. And the Lord assisted David in all things whatsoever that he set out to accomplish.
8:14. And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all they of Edom became David’s servants. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.
14. And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all the Edomites became servants to David. And the LORD gave victory to David whithersoever he went.
8:14 And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all they of Edom became David' s servants. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went:
8:14 И поставил он охранные войска в Идумее; во всей Идумее поставил охранные войска, и все Идумеяне были рабами Давиду. И хранил Господь Давида везде, куда он ни ходил.
8:14
καὶ και and; even
ἔθετο τιθημι put; make
ἐν εν in
τῇ ο the
Ιδουμαίᾳ ιδουμαια Idoumaia; Ithumea
φρουράν φρουρα in
πάσῃ πας all; every
τῇ ο the
Ιδουμαίᾳ ιδουμαια Idoumaia; Ithumea
καὶ και and; even
ἐγένοντο γινομαι happen; become
πάντες πας all; every
οἱ ο the
Ιδουμαῖοι ιδουμαιος subject
τῷ ο the
βασιλεῖ βασιλευς monarch; king
καὶ και and; even
ἔσωσεν σωζω save
κύριος κυριος lord; master
τὸν ο the
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
ἐν εν in
πᾶσιν πας all; every
οἷς ος who; what
ἐπορεύετο πορευομαι travel; go
8:14
וַ wa וְ and
יָּ֨שֶׂם yyˌāśem שׂים put
בֶּ be בְּ in
אֱדֹ֜ום ʔᵉḏˈôm אֱדֹום Edom
נְצִבִ֗ים nᵊṣivˈîm נְצִיב pillar
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
כָל־ ḵol- כֹּל whole
אֱדֹום֙ ʔᵉḏôm אֱדֹום Edom
שָׂ֣ם śˈām שׂים put
נְצִבִ֔ים nᵊṣivˈîm נְצִיב pillar
וַ wa וְ and
יְהִ֥י yᵊhˌî היה be
כָל־ ḵol- כֹּל whole
אֱדֹ֖ום ʔᵉḏˌôm אֱדֹום Edom
עֲבָדִ֣ים ʕᵃvāḏˈîm עֶבֶד servant
לְ lᵊ לְ to
דָוִ֑ד ḏāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
וַ wa וְ and
יֹּ֤ושַׁע yyˈôšaʕ ישׁע help
יְהוָה֙ [yᵊhwˌāh] יְהוָה YHWH
אֶת־ ʔeṯ- אֵת [object marker]
דָּוִ֔ד dāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
בְּ bᵊ בְּ in
כֹ֖ל ḵˌōl כֹּל whole
אֲשֶׁ֥ר ʔᵃšˌer אֲשֶׁר [relative]
הָלָֽךְ׃ hālˈāḵ הלך walk
8:14. et posuit in Idumea custodes statuitque praesidium et facta est universa Idumea serviens David et servavit Dominus David in omnibus ad quaecumque profectus est
And he put guards in Edom, and placed there a garrison: and all Edom was made to serve David: and the Lord preserved David in all enterprises he went about.
8:14. And he positioned guards in Edom, and he stationed a garrison. And all of Edom was made to serve David. And the Lord assisted David in all things whatsoever that he set out to accomplish.
8:14. And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all they of Edom became David’s servants. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jw▾ jg▾ tr▾ ac▾ all ▾
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
8:14: He put garrisons in Edom - He repaired the strong cities which he had taken, and put garrisons in them to keep the country in awe.
2 Kings (2 Samuel) 8:16
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:14: all they: Gen 25:23, Gen 27:29, Gen 27:37, Gen 27:40; Num 24:18; Kg1 22:47; Ch1 18:13; Psa 60:8, Psa 60:9; Psa 108:9, Psa 108:10
the Lord: Sa2 8:6; Psa 121:4-8
John Gill
And he put garrisons in Edom,.... To keep the inhabitants in subjection to him; as their forts and strong holds came into his hands, he placed companies of soldiers in them for the said purpose; or governors, as the Targum, men of his own nation, into whose hands he put their principal cities, who governed them for him, and under him. Jarchi interprets it of officers appointed to collect the tribute he exacted of them:
throughout all Edom put he garrisons; which is observed to show that the whole country was brought into subjection to him:
and all they of Edom became David's servants; and hereby were fulfilled the oracle delivered to Rebekah, and the prophetic blessing of Isaac, Gen 25:23,
and the Lord preserved David whithersoever he went; See Gill on 2Kings 8:6.
John Wesley
The Lord preserved, &c. - All David's victories were typical of the success of the gospel over the kingdom of Satan, in which the Son of David rode forth, conquering and to conquer, and will reign 'till he has brought down all opposing rule, principality and power.
8:158:15: Եւ թագաւորեցո՛յց զԴաւիթ ՚ի վերայ ամենայն Իսրայէլի. եւ առնէր Դաւիթ իրաւունս եւ արդարութիւն ՚ի վերայ ամենայն ժողովրդեան իւրոյ։
15 Աստուած Դաւթին ամբողջ Իսրայէլի վրայ թագաւոր կարգեց, եւ սա իրաւունք ու արդարութիւն էր գործադրում իր ամբողջ ժողովրդի հանդէպ:
15 Դաւիթ բոլոր Իսրայէլի վրայ թագաւորութիւն ըրաւ։ Դաւիթ իր բոլոր ժողովուրդին իրաւունք ու արդարութիւն կ’ընէր։
Եւ [115]թագաւորեցոյց զԴաւիթ`` ի վերայ ամենայն Իսրայելի. եւ առնէր Դաւիթ իրաւունս եւ արդարութիւն ի վերայ ամենայն ժողովրդեան իւրոյ:

8:15: Եւ թագաւորեցո՛յց զԴաւիթ ՚ի վերայ ամենայն Իսրայէլի. եւ առնէր Դաւիթ իրաւունս եւ արդարութիւն ՚ի վերայ ամենայն ժողովրդեան իւրոյ։
15 Աստուած Դաւթին ամբողջ Իսրայէլի վրայ թագաւոր կարգեց, եւ սա իրաւունք ու արդարութիւն էր գործադրում իր ամբողջ ժողովրդի հանդէպ:
15 Դաւիթ բոլոր Իսրայէլի վրայ թագաւորութիւն ըրաւ։ Դաւիթ իր բոլոր ժողովուրդին իրաւունք ու արդարութիւն կ’ընէր։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:158:15 И царствовал Давид над всем Израилем, и творил Давид суд и правду над всем народом своим.
8:15 καὶ και and; even ἐβασίλευσεν βασιλευω reign Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith ἐπὶ επι in; on Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel καὶ και and; even ἦν ειμι be Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith ποιῶν ποιεω do; make κρίμα κριμα judgment καὶ και and; even δικαιοσύνην δικαιοσυνη rightness; right standing ἐπὶ επι in; on πάντα πας all; every τὸν ο the λαὸν λαος populace; population αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
8:15 וַ wa וְ and יִּמְלֹ֥ךְ yyimlˌōḵ מלך be king דָּוִ֖ד dāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David עַל־ ʕal- עַל upon כָּל־ kol- כֹּל whole יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל yiśrāʔˈēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel וַ wa וְ and יְהִ֣י yᵊhˈî היה be דָוִ֗ד ḏāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David עֹשֶׂ֛ה ʕōśˈeh עשׂה make מִשְׁפָּ֥ט mišpˌāṭ מִשְׁפָּט justice וּ û וְ and צְדָקָ֖ה ṣᵊḏāqˌā צְדָקָה justice לְ lᵊ לְ to כָל־ ḵol- כֹּל whole עַמֹּֽו׃ ʕammˈô עַם people
8:15. et regnavit David super omnem Israhel faciebat quoque David iudicium et iustitiam omni populo suoAnd David reigned over all Israel: and David did judgment and justice to all his people.
8:15. And David reigned over all of Israel. And David accomplished judgment and justice with all his people.
8:15. And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed judgment and justice unto all his people.
15. And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed judgment and justice unto all his people.
8:15 And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed judgment and justice unto all his people:
8:15 И царствовал Давид над всем Израилем, и творил Давид суд и правду над всем народом своим.
8:15
καὶ και and; even
ἐβασίλευσεν βασιλευω reign
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
ἐπὶ επι in; on
Ισραηλ ισραηλ.1 Israel
καὶ και and; even
ἦν ειμι be
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
ποιῶν ποιεω do; make
κρίμα κριμα judgment
καὶ και and; even
δικαιοσύνην δικαιοσυνη rightness; right standing
ἐπὶ επι in; on
πάντα πας all; every
τὸν ο the
λαὸν λαος populace; population
αὐτοῦ αυτος he; him
8:15
וַ wa וְ and
יִּמְלֹ֥ךְ yyimlˌōḵ מלך be king
דָּוִ֖ד dāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David
עַל־ ʕal- עַל upon
כָּל־ kol- כֹּל whole
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל yiśrāʔˈēl יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
וַ wa וְ and
יְהִ֣י yᵊhˈî היה be
דָוִ֗ד ḏāwˈiḏ דָּוִד David
עֹשֶׂ֛ה ʕōśˈeh עשׂה make
מִשְׁפָּ֥ט mišpˌāṭ מִשְׁפָּט justice
וּ û וְ and
צְדָקָ֖ה ṣᵊḏāqˌā צְדָקָה justice
לְ lᵊ לְ to
כָל־ ḵol- כֹּל whole
עַמֹּֽו׃ ʕammˈô עַם people
8:15. et regnavit David super omnem Israhel faciebat quoque David iudicium et iustitiam omni populo suo
And David reigned over all Israel: and David did judgment and justice to all his people.
8:15. And David reigned over all of Israel. And David accomplished judgment and justice with all his people.
8:15. And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed judgment and justice unto all his people.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jg▾ gnv▾ tr▾ mh▾ all ▾
Matthew Henry: Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible - 1706
David's Administration of the Government of Israel. B. C. 1042.

15 And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed judgment and justice unto all his people. 16 And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder; 17 And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, were the priests; and Seraiah was the scribe; 18 And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over both the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David's sons were chief rulers.
David was not so engaged in his wars abroad as to neglect the administration of the government at home.
I. His care extended itself to all the parts of his dominion: He reigned over all Israel (v. 15); not only he had a right to reign over all the tribes, but he did so; they were all safe under his protection, and shared in the fruits of his good government.
II. He did justice with an unbiased unshaken hand: He executed judgment unto all his people, neither did wrong nor denied or delayed right to any. This intimates, 1. His industry and close application to business, his easiness of access and readiness to admit all addresses and appeals made to him. All his people, even the meanest, and those too of the meanest tribes, were welcome to his council-board. 2. His impartiality and the equity of his proceedings, in administering justice. He never perverted justice through favour or affection, nor had respect of persons in judgment. Herein he was a type of Christ, who was faithful and true, and who doth in righteousness both judge and make war, Rev. xix. 11. See Ps. lxxii. 1, 2.
III. He kept good order and good officers in his court. David being the first king that had an established government (for Saul's reign was short and unsettled) he had the modelling of the administration. In Saul's time we read of no other great officer than Abner, that was captain of the host. But David appointed more officers: Joab that was general of the forces in the field, and Banaiah that was over the Cherethites and Pelethites, who were either the city train-bands (archers and slingers, so the Chaldee), or rather the life-guards, or standing force, that attended the king's person, the pretorian band, the militia. They were ready to do service at home, to assist in the administering of justice, and to preserve the public peace. We find them employed in proclaiming Solomon, 1 Kings i. 38. 2. Two ecclesiastical officers: Zadok and Ahimelech were priests, that is, they were most employed in the priests' work under Abiathar, the high priest. 3. Two civil officers: one that was recorder, or remembrancer, to put the king in mind of business in its season (he was prime minister of state, yet not entrusted with the custody of the king's conscience, as they say of our lord chancellor, but only of the king's memory; let the king be put in mind of business and he would do it himself); another that was scribe, or secretary of state, that drew up public orders and despatches, and recorded judgments given. 4. David's sons, as they grew up to be fit for business, were made chief rulers; they had places of honour and trust assigned them, in the household, or in the camp, or in the courts of justice, according as their genius led them. They were chief about the king (so it is explained, 1 Chron. xviii. 17), employed near him, that they might be under his eye. Our Lord Jesus has appointed officers in his kingdom, for his honour and the good of the community; when he ascended on high he gave these gifts (Eph. iv. 8-11), to every man his work, Mark xiii. 34. David made his sons chief rulers; but all believers, Christ's spiritual seed, are better preferred, for they are made to our God kings and priests, Rev. i. 6.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:15: over all Israel: Sa2 3:12, Sa2 5:5
David executed: Sa2 23:3, Sa2 23:4; Ch1 18:14; Psa 45:6, Psa 45:7, Psa 72:2, Psa 75:2, Psa 78:71, Psa 78:72, Psa 89:14, Psa 101:1-8; Isa 9:7; Jer 22:15, Jer 22:16, Jer 23:5, Jer 23:6; Amo 5:15, Amo 5:24
Geneva 1599
And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed (g) judgment and justice unto all his people.
(g) He gave judgment in controversies, and was merciful toward the people.
John Gill
And David reigned over all Israel,.... Not only over Judah, but over all the tribes of Israel, and over the whole land of Canaan, as promised to Abraham, Gen 15:18; reaching to the river Euphrates, as Syria did, now conquered by David:
and David executed judgment and justice unto all his people; when he returned from his wars, he heard and tried all causes impartially, brought before him, and gave sentence according to the law of God, and administered righteous judgment without any respect to persons; all had justice done them that applied unto him, whether high or low, rich or poor; and indeed during his wars he was not negligent of the civil government of his subjects, and the distribution of justice to them by proper officers, in which he was a type of Christ; see Is 11:5.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
HIS REIGN. (2Kings 8:15-18)
David executed judgment and justice unto all his people--Though involved in foreign wars, he maintained an excellent system of government at home, the most eminent men of the age composing his cabinet of ministers.
8:168:16: Եւ Յովաբ՝ որդի Շարուհեայ է՛ր ՚ի վերայ զօրուն. եւ Յովսափատ որդի Աքիայ ՚ի վերայ յիշատակաց.
16 Շարուհիի որդի Յովաբը զօրքի հրամանատարն էր, Աքիի որդի Յոսափատը դիւանապետ էր,
16 Շարուհեայի որդին Յովաբը զօրքերուն վրայ էր ու Աքիղուդի որդին Յովսափատը յիշատակներու դպիր էր
Եւ Յովաբ որդի Շարուհեայ էր ի վերայ զօրուն, եւ Յովսափատ որդի Աքիայ ի վերայ յիշատակաց:

8:16: Եւ Յովաբ՝ որդի Շարուհեայ է՛ր ՚ի վերայ զօրուն. եւ Յովսափատ որդի Աքիայ ՚ի վերայ յիշատակաց.
16 Շարուհիի որդի Յովաբը զօրքի հրամանատարն էր, Աքիի որդի Յոսափատը դիւանապետ էր,
16 Շարուհեայի որդին Յովաբը զօրքերուն վրայ էր ու Աքիղուդի որդին Յովսափատը յիշատակներու դպիր էր
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:168:16 Иоав же, сын Саруи, {был начальником} войска; и Иосафат, сын Ахилуда,~--- дееписателем;
8:16 καὶ και and; even Ιωαβ ιωαβ son Σαρουιας σαρουιας in; on τῆς ο the στρατιᾶς στρατια army καὶ και and; even Ιωσαφατ ιωσαφατ Iōsaphat; Iosafat υἱὸς υιος son Αχια αχια in; on τῶν ο the ὑπομνημάτων υπομνημα remembrance; memorial
8:16 וְ wᵊ וְ and יֹואָ֥ב yôʔˌāv יֹואָב Joab בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son צְרוּיָ֖ה ṣᵊrûyˌā צְרוּיָה Zeruiah עַל־ ʕal- עַל upon הַ ha הַ the צָּבָ֑א ṣṣāvˈā צָבָא service וִ wi וְ and יהֹושָׁפָ֥ט yhôšofˌāṭ יְהֹושָׁפָט Jehoshaphat בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son אֲחִיל֖וּד ʔᵃḥîlˌûḏ אֲחִילוּד Ahilud מַזְכִּֽיר׃ mazkˈîr זכר remember
8:16. Ioab autem filius Sarviae erat super exercitum porro Iosaphat filius Ahilud erat a commentariisAnd Joab the son Sarvia was over the army: and Josaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder:
8:16. Now Joab, the son Zeruiah, was over the army. And Jehoshaphat, the son of Ahilud, was the keeper of records.
8:16. And Joab the son of Zeruiah [was] over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud [was] recorder;
16. And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder:
8:16 And Joab the son of Zeruiah [was] over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud [was] recorder:
8:16 Иоав же, сын Саруи, {был начальником} войска; и Иосафат, сын Ахилуда,~--- дееписателем;
8:16
καὶ και and; even
Ιωαβ ιωαβ son
Σαρουιας σαρουιας in; on
τῆς ο the
στρατιᾶς στρατια army
καὶ και and; even
Ιωσαφατ ιωσαφατ Iōsaphat; Iosafat
υἱὸς υιος son
Αχια αχια in; on
τῶν ο the
ὑπομνημάτων υπομνημα remembrance; memorial
8:16
וְ wᵊ וְ and
יֹואָ֥ב yôʔˌāv יֹואָב Joab
בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son
צְרוּיָ֖ה ṣᵊrûyˌā צְרוּיָה Zeruiah
עַל־ ʕal- עַל upon
הַ ha הַ the
צָּבָ֑א ṣṣāvˈā צָבָא service
וִ wi וְ and
יהֹושָׁפָ֥ט yhôšofˌāṭ יְהֹושָׁפָט Jehoshaphat
בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son
אֲחִיל֖וּד ʔᵃḥîlˌûḏ אֲחִילוּד Ahilud
מַזְכִּֽיר׃ mazkˈîr זכר remember
8:16. Ioab autem filius Sarviae erat super exercitum porro Iosaphat filius Ahilud erat a commentariis
And Joab the son Sarvia was over the army: and Josaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder:
8:16. Now Joab, the son Zeruiah, was over the army. And Jehoshaphat, the son of Ahilud, was the keeper of records.
8:16. And Joab the son of Zeruiah [was] over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud [was] recorder;
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jw▾ jg▾ kad▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
16: Иоав, Азаил и Авесса были племянниками Давида от его сестры Саруи. Иосафат ... был дееписателем. "Замечательные события, наполнявшие царствование Давида; множество лиц, на которые должно было быть обращено внимание царя; множество дел, требовавших наблюдения и решения, - требовали записей и породили особую государственную должность - должность дееписателя", летописца и секретаря государя (Я. Богородский, "Еврейские цари", с. 171).
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
8:16: Joab - was over the host - General and commander-in-chief over all the army.
Ahilud - recorder - מזכיר mazkir, remembrancer; one who kept a strict journal of all the proceedings of the king and operations of his army; a chronicler. Or, remembrancer, or, writer of chronicles.
2 Kings (2 Samuel) 8:17
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:16: For a similar account of the officers of Solomon's kingdom, see Kg1 4:1-6, where Jehoshaphat is still the recorder, and Benaiah is advanced to be captain of the host in the room of Joab. The recorder seems to have been a high officer of state, a kind of chancellor, whose office was to keep a record of the events of the kingdom for the king's information, and hence, he would naturally be the king's adviser. See Est 6:1-2; Isa 36:22; Ch2 34:8. Such an officer is found among the ancient Egyptians and Persians.
Ahimelech the son of Abiathar - According to Sa1 22:9-23, Abiathar, Zadok's colleague, was the son of Ahimelech. Abiathar the son of Ahimelech continued to be priest through the reign of David. (Compare also Kg1 1:7, Kg1 1:42; Kg1 2:22-27.) It almost necessarily follows that there is some error in the text.
The scribe - Or secretary of state Kg2 12:10; Kg2 18:37, different from the military scribe (Jdg 5:14 note).
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:16: Joab: Sa2 19:13, Sa2 20:23; Ch1 11:6, Ch1 18:15-17
Jehoshaphat: Kg1 4:3
recorder: or, remembrancer, or writer of chronicles
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

The chief ministers were the following: - Joab (see at 2Kings 2:18) was "over the army," i.e., commander-in-chief. Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud, of whom nothing further is known, was mazcir, chancellor; not merely the national annalist, according to the Septuagint and Vulgate (ἐπὶ τῶν ὑπομνημάτην, ὑπομνηματόγραφος; a commentariis), i.e., the recorder of the most important incidents and affairs of the nation, but an officer resembling the magister memoriae of the later Romans, or the waka nuvis of the Persian court, who keeps a record of everything that takes place around the king, furnishes him with an account of all that occurs in the kingdom, places his vis upon all the king's commands, and keeps a special protocol of all these things (vid., Chardin, Voyages v. p. 258, and Paulsen, Regierung der Morgenlnder, pp. 279-80).
John Gill
And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host,.... Which was not only owing to his relation to David, being his sister's son, but to his promise that whoever smote the Jebusites first should be chief and captain; that is, should have the command of the army under him; this Joab did; and so was entitled to this office, and was put into it, and continued in it, 1Chron 11:6,
and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder; of memorable events, who kept a diary of whatsoever remarkable happened, which were digested into a chronicle, history, or annals; see Esther 6:1; so the Targum, he"was appointed over the memorials;''or book of memorials, as Kimchi interprets it; that is, to take care of it, and see that everything worthy of notice was inserted in it; or was "remembrancer" (g); one that put the king in mind what was to be done every day, or in certain cases, and so R. Isaiah explains it, the king's counsellor; some take him to be chancellor, as Luther and others (h).
(g) "commemorans", Montanus; "commemorator", Syr. Ar. "memorans, sive reducens in memoriam", Vatablus. (h) Vid. Beckium in Targ. 1 Chron. xviii. 15.
John Wesley
Recorder - The treasurer, who examined all the accounts, and kept records of them.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Joab . . . was over the host--by virtue of a special promise (2Kings 5:8).
recorder--historiographer or daily annalist, an office of great trust and importance in Eastern countries.
8:178:17: եւ Սադովկ՝ որդի Աքիտովբայ, եւ Աքիմելէք որդի Աբիաթարայ քահանայք. եւ Ասա՝ դպրապետ.
17 Աքիտոբի որդի Սադոկը եւ Աբիաթարի որդի Աքիմելէքը քահանաներ էին, Ասան քարտուղար էր,
17 Եւ Աքիտովբի որդին Սադովկը ու Աբիաթարի որդին Աքիմելէքը քահանաներ էին ու Սարայիան ատենադպիր էր
եւ Սադովկ որդի Աքիտովբայ եւ Աքիմելէք որդի Աբիաթարայ` քահանայք. եւ [116]Ասա` դպրապետ:

8:17: եւ Սադովկ՝ որդի Աքիտովբայ, եւ Աքիմելէք որդի Աբիաթարայ քահանայք. եւ Ասա՝ դպրապետ.
17 Աքիտոբի որդի Սադոկը եւ Աբիաթարի որդի Աքիմելէքը քահանաներ էին, Ասան քարտուղար էր,
17 Եւ Աքիտովբի որդին Սադովկը ու Աբիաթարի որդին Աքիմելէքը քահանաներ էին ու Սարայիան ատենադպիր էր
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:178:17 Садок, сын Ахитува, и Ахимелех, сын Авиафара,~--- священниками, Сераия~--- писцом;
8:17 καὶ και and; even Σαδδουκ σαδδουκ son Αχιτωβ αχιτωβ and; even Αχιμελεχ αχιμελεχ son Αβιαθαρ αβιαθαρ Abiathar; Aviathar ἱερεῖς ιερευς priest καὶ και and; even Ασα ασα Asa ὁ ο the γραμματεύς γραμματευς scholar
8:17 וְ wᵊ וְ and צָדֹ֧וק ṣāḏˈôq צָדֹוק Zadok בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son אֲחִיט֛וּב ʔᵃḥîṭˈûv אֲחִיטוּב Ahitub וַ wa וְ and אֲחִימֶ֥לֶךְ ʔᵃḥîmˌeleḵ אֲחִימֶלֶךְ Ahimelech בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son אֶבְיָתָ֖ר ʔevyāṯˌār אֶבְיָתָר Abiathar כֹּהֲנִ֑ים kōhᵃnˈîm כֹּהֵן priest וּ û וְ and שְׂרָיָ֖ה śᵊrāyˌā שְׂרָיָה Seraiah סֹופֵֽר׃ sôfˈēr סֹפֵר scribe
8:17. et Sadoc filius Achitob et Ahimelech filius Abiathar sacerdotes et Saraias scribaAnd Sadoc the son of Achitob, and Achimelech the son of Abiathar, were the priests: and Saraias was the scribe:
8:17. And Zadok, the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech, the son of Abiathar, were the priests. And Seraiah was the scribe.
8:17. And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, [were] the priests; and Seraiah [was] the scribe;
17. and Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, were priests; and Seraiah was scribe;
8:17 And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, [were] the priests; and Seraiah [was] the scribe:
8:17 Садок, сын Ахитува, и Ахимелех, сын Авиафара,~--- священниками, Сераия~--- писцом;
8:17
καὶ και and; even
Σαδδουκ σαδδουκ son
Αχιτωβ αχιτωβ and; even
Αχιμελεχ αχιμελεχ son
Αβιαθαρ αβιαθαρ Abiathar; Aviathar
ἱερεῖς ιερευς priest
καὶ και and; even
Ασα ασα Asa
ὁ ο the
γραμματεύς γραμματευς scholar
8:17
וְ wᵊ וְ and
צָדֹ֧וק ṣāḏˈôq צָדֹוק Zadok
בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son
אֲחִיט֛וּב ʔᵃḥîṭˈûv אֲחִיטוּב Ahitub
וַ wa וְ and
אֲחִימֶ֥לֶךְ ʔᵃḥîmˌeleḵ אֲחִימֶלֶךְ Ahimelech
בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son
אֶבְיָתָ֖ר ʔevyāṯˌār אֶבְיָתָר Abiathar
כֹּהֲנִ֑ים kōhᵃnˈîm כֹּהֵן priest
וּ û וְ and
שְׂרָיָ֖ה śᵊrāyˌā שְׂרָיָה Seraiah
סֹופֵֽר׃ sôfˈēr סֹפֵר scribe
8:17. et Sadoc filius Achitob et Ahimelech filius Abiathar sacerdotes et Saraias scriba
And Sadoc the son of Achitob, and Achimelech the son of Abiathar, were the priests: and Saraias was the scribe:
8:17. And Zadok, the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech, the son of Abiathar, were the priests. And Seraiah was the scribe.
8:17. And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, [were] the priests; and Seraiah [was] the scribe;
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jw▾ jg▾ kad▾ tr▾ ac▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
17: См. пр. к VI:17.

Ахимелех, сын Авиафара. См. прим. к 1: Цар. XXI:1.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
8:17: Seraiah - the scribe - Most likely the king's private secretary. See Ch1 24:3 (note).
2 Kings (2 Samuel) 8:18
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:17: Zadok: Ch1 6:8, Ch1 6:53, Ch1 24:3, Ch1 24:4
and Seraiah: Ch1 18:16, Shavsha
scribe: or, secretary
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

Zadok the son of Ahitub, of the line of Eleazar (1Chron 6:8; 1Chron 6:11-12), and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, were cohanim, i.e., officiating high priests; the former at the tabernacle at Gibeon (1Chron 16:39), the latter probably at the ark of the covenant upon Mount Zion. Instead of Ahimelech, the Chronicles have Abimelech, evidently through a copyist's error, as the name is written Ahimelech in 1Chron 24:3, 1Chron 24:6. But the expression "Ahimelech the son of Abiathar" is apparently a very strange one, as Abiathar was a son of Ahimelech according to 1Kings 22:20, and in other passages Zadok and Abiathar are mentioned as the two high priests in the time of David (2Kings 15:24, 2Kings 15:35; 2Kings 17:15; 2Kings 19:12; 2Kings 20:25). This difference cannot be set aside, as Movers, Thenius, Ewald, and other suppose, by transposing the names, so as to read Abiathar the son of Ahimelech; for such a solution is precluded by the fact that, in 1Chron 24:3, 1Chron 24:6, 1Chron 24:31, Ahimelech is mentioned along with Zadok as head of the priests of the line of Ithamar, and according to 1Chron 24:6 he was the son of Abiathar. It would therefore be necessary to change the name Ahimelech into Abiathar in this instance also, both in 1Chron 24:3 and 1Chron 24:6, and in the latter to transpose the two names. But there is not the slightest probability in the supposition that the names have been changed in so many passaGes. We are therefore disposed to adopt the view held by Bertheau and Oehler, viz., that Abiathar the high priest, the son of Ahimelech, had also a son named Ahimelech, as it is by no means a rare occurrence for grandfather and grandson to have the same names (vid., 1Chron 6:4-15), and also that this (the younger) Ahimelech performed the duties of high priest in connection with his father, who was still living at the commencement of Solomon's reign (3Kings 2:27), and is mentioned in this capacity, along with Zadok, both here and in the book of Chronicles, possibly because Abiathar was ill, or for some other reason that we cannot discover. As Abiathar was thirty or thirty-five years old at the time when his father was put to death by Saul, according to what has already been observed at 1Kings 14:3, and forty years old at the death of Saul, he was at least forty-eight years old at the time when David removed his residence to Mount Zion, and might have had a son of twenty-five years of age, namely the Ahimelech mentioned here, who could have taken his father's place in the performance of the functions of high priest when he was prevented by illness or other causes. The appearance of a son of Abiathar named Jonathan in 2Kings 15:27; 2Kings 17:17, 2Kings 17:20, is no valid argument against this solution of the apparent discrepancy; for, according to these passages, he was still very young, and may therefore have been a younger brother of Ahimelech. The omission of any allusion to Ahimelech in connection with Abiathar's conspiracy with Adonijah against Solomon (3Kings 1:42-43), and the reference to his son Jonathan alone, might be explained on the supposition that Ahimelech had already died. But as there is no reference to Jonathan at the time when his father was deposed, no stress is to be laid upon the omission of any reference to Ahimelech. Moreover, when Abiathar was deposed after Solomon had ascended the throne, he must have been about eighty years of age. Seraiah was a scribe. Instead of Seraiah, we have Shavsha in the corresponding text of the Chronicles, and Sheva in the parallel passage 2Kings 20:25. Whether the last name is merely a mistake for Shavsha, occasioned by the dropping of שׁ, or an abbreviated form of Shisha and Shavsha, cannot be decided. Shavsha is not a copyist's error, for in 3Kings 4:3 the same man is unquestionably mentioned again under the name of Shisha, who is called Shavsha in the Chronicles, Sheva (שׁיא) in the text of 2Kings 20:25, and here Seraiah. Seraiah also is hardly a copyist's error, but another form for Shavsha or Shisha. The scribe was a secretary of state; not a military officer, whose duty it was to raise and muster the troops, for the technical expression for mustering the people was not ספר, but פּקד (cf. 2Kings 24:2, 2Kings 24:4,2Kings 24:9; 1Chron 21:5-6, etc.).
John Gill
And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, were the priests,.... Not high priests, as Josephus (i) suggests, for there was only one high priest at a time; indeed there was a "sagan", or deputy priest, on occasion; and so Abarbinel says that Zadok was the high priest, and Ahimelech his second or deputy; but the truth of the case was this, Abiathar was high priest only, and continued so until the time of Solomon, when he was thrust out of his office, and Zadok put into it; and Ahimelech his son and Zadok were the principal priests under him, the one of the family of Ithamar, the other of Eleazar; so the Targum on 1Chron 18:16 calls them "sagans", or deputies of the high priesthood. Zadok is mentioned first, though Ahimelech was the son of the present high priest, because he was in great favour with David, as afterwards with Solomon, in whose days the high priesthood was translated to him; the family of Eli being now upon the decline, and near being removed from the high priesthood, as was foretold by Samuel it should:
and Seraiah was the scribe; or secretary of state; in 1Chron 18:16 he is called Shavsha; he seems to have had two names.
(i) Ut supra, (Antiqu. l. 7. c. 5.) sect. 4.
John Wesley
Scribe - Or, secretary of state.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Zadok . . . and Ahimelech . . . were the priests--On the massacre of the priests at Nob, [1Kings 22:19], Saul conferred the priesthood on Zadok, of the family of Eleazar (1Chron 6:50), while David acknowledged Ahimelech, of Ithamar's family, who fled to him. The two high priests exercised their office under the respective princes to whom they were attached. But, on David's obtaining the kingdom over all Israel, they both retained their dignity; Ahimelech officiating at Jerusalem, and Zadok at Gibeon (1Chron 16:39).
8:188:18: եւ Բանեա որդի Յովիդայեա՛յ խորհրդակից. եւ Քերեթին, եւ Ոփելեթին. եւ որդիք Դաւթի խոռապե՛տք էին[3231]։[3231] ՚Ի լուս՛՛. ՚ի վերայ՝ Քերեթին եւ Ոփելեթին, նշանակի՝ աղեղնաւորք եւ պարսաւորք։
18 Յովիդայէի որդի Բանեան խորհրդական էր, քերեթիները, փելեթիներն ու Դաւթի որդիները արքունի իշխաններ էին:
18 Եւ Յովիադային որդին Բանիան՝ Քերեթիներուն ու Փելեթիներուն վրայ էր ու Դաւիթին որդիները նախարարներ էին։
եւ Բանեա որդի Յովիդայեայ` [117]խորհրդակից, եւ Քերեթին եւ Ոփելեթին`` եւ որդիք Դաւթի խոռապետք էին:

8:18: եւ Բանեա որդի Յովիդայեա՛յ խորհրդակից. եւ Քերեթին, եւ Ոփելեթին. եւ որդիք Դաւթի խոռապե՛տք էին[3231]։
[3231] ՚Ի լուս՛՛. ՚ի վերայ՝ Քերեթին եւ Ոփելեթին, նշանակի՝ աղեղնաւորք եւ պարսաւորք։
18 Յովիդայէի որդի Բանեան խորհրդական էր, քերեթիները, փելեթիներն ու Դաւթի որդիները արքունի իշխաններ էին:
18 Եւ Յովիադային որդին Բանիան՝ Քերեթիներուն ու Փելեթիներուն վրայ էր ու Դաւիթին որդիները նախարարներ էին։
zohrab-1805▾ eastern-1994▾ western am▾
8:188:18 и Ванея, сын Иодая~--- {начальником} над Хелефеями и Фелефеями, и сыновья Давида~--- первыми при дворе.
8:18 καὶ και and; even Βαναιας βαναιας son Ιωδαε ιωδαε advisor καὶ και and; even ὁ ο the Χελεθθι χελεθθι and; even ὁ ο the Φελεττι φελεττι and; even υἱοὶ υιος son Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith αὐλάρχαι αυλαρχης be
8:18 וּ û וְ and בְנָיָ֨הוּ֙ vᵊnāyˈāhû בְּנָיָהוּ Benaiah בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son יְהֹ֣ויָדָ֔ע yᵊhˈôyāḏˈāʕ יְהֹויָדָע Jehoiada וְ wᵊ וְ and הַ ha הַ the כְּרֵתִ֖י kkᵊrēṯˌî כְּרֵתִי Cherethite וְ wᵊ וְ and הַ ha הַ the פְּלֵתִ֑י ppᵊlēṯˈî פְּלֵתִי Pelethite וּ û וְ and בְנֵ֥י vᵊnˌê בֵּן son דָוִ֖ד ḏāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David כֹּהֲנִ֥ים kōhᵃnˌîm כֹּהֵן priest הָיֽוּ׃ פ hāyˈû . f היה be
8:18. Banaias autem filius Ioiada super Cherethi et Felethi filii autem David sacerdotes erantAnd Banaias the son of Joiada was over the Cerethi and Phelethi: and the sons of David were the princes.
8:18. And Benaiah, the son of Jehoiada, was over the Cherethites and Pelethites. But the sons of David were priests.
8:18. And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada [was over] both the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David’s sons were chief rulers.
18. and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David’s sons were priests.
8:18 And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada [was over] both the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David' s sons were chief rulers:
8:18 и Ванея, сын Иодая~--- {начальником} над Хелефеями и Фелефеями, и сыновья Давида~--- первыми при дворе.
8:18
καὶ και and; even
Βαναιας βαναιας son
Ιωδαε ιωδαε advisor
καὶ και and; even
ὁ ο the
Χελεθθι χελεθθι and; even
ὁ ο the
Φελεττι φελεττι and; even
υἱοὶ υιος son
Δαυιδ δαβιδ Dabid; Thavith
αὐλάρχαι αυλαρχης be
8:18
וּ û וְ and
בְנָיָ֨הוּ֙ vᵊnāyˈāhû בְּנָיָהוּ Benaiah
בֶּן־ ben- בֵּן son
יְהֹ֣ויָדָ֔ע yᵊhˈôyāḏˈāʕ יְהֹויָדָע Jehoiada
וְ wᵊ וְ and
הַ ha הַ the
כְּרֵתִ֖י kkᵊrēṯˌî כְּרֵתִי Cherethite
וְ wᵊ וְ and
הַ ha הַ the
פְּלֵתִ֑י ppᵊlēṯˈî פְּלֵתִי Pelethite
וּ û וְ and
בְנֵ֥י vᵊnˌê בֵּן son
דָוִ֖ד ḏāwˌiḏ דָּוִד David
כֹּהֲנִ֥ים kōhᵃnˌîm כֹּהֵן priest
הָיֽוּ׃ פ hāyˈû . f היה be
8:18. Banaias autem filius Ioiada super Cherethi et Felethi filii autem David sacerdotes erant
And Banaias the son of Joiada was over the Cerethi and Phelethi: and the sons of David were the princes.
8:18. And Benaiah, the son of Jehoiada, was over the Cherethites and Pelethites. But the sons of David were priests.
8:18. And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada [was over] both the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David’s sons were chief rulers.
ru▾ LXX-gloss▾ bhs-gloss▾ vulgate▾ catholic_pdv▾ kjv_1900▾
jfb▾ jw▾ jg▾ gnv▾ kad▾ tr▾ ab▾ ac▾ tb▾ all ▾
А. П. Лопухин: Tолковая Библия или комментарий на все книги Св.Писания Ветхого и Нового Заветов - 1903-1914
18: Под хелефеями и фелевеями разумеют личную почетно-охранную стражу государя.

Сыновья Давида. См. III:2-5; V:14-16.
Adam Clarke: Commentary on the Bible - 1831
8:18: Benaiah - The chief of the second class of David's worthies. We shall meet with him again.
The Cherethites and the Pelethites - The former supposed to be those who accompanied David when he fled from Saul; the latter, those who came to him at Ziklag. But the Targum translates these two names thus, the archers and the slingers; and this is by far the most likely. It is not at all probable that David was without a company both of archers and slingers. The bow is celebrated in the funeral lamentation over Saul and Jonathan; and the sling was renowned as the weapon of the Israelites, and how expert David was in the use of it we learn from the death of Goliath. I take for granted that the Chaldee paraphrast is correct. No weapons then known were equally powerful with these; the spears, swords, and javelins, of other nations, were as stubble before them. The bow was the grand weapon of our English ancestors; and even after the invention of firearms, they were with difficulty persuaded to prefer them and leave their archery.
Albert Barnes: Notes on the Bible - 1834
8:18
The Cherethites and the Pelethites - See the marginal reference note.
Chief rulers - The word כהן kô hê n, here rendered a "chief ruler," is the regular word for a priest. In the early days of the monarchy the word כהן kô hê n had not quite lost its etymological sense, from the root meaning to minister, or manage affairs, though in later times its technical sense alone survived.
R. A. Torrey - Treasury: Treasury of Scriptural Knowledge - 1880
8:18: Benaiah: Kg1 1:44, Kg1 2:34, Kg1 2:35; Ch1 18:17
the Cherethites: Sa2 15:18, Sa2 20:7, Sa2 20:23, Sa2 23:20-23; Sa1 30:14; Eze 25:16; Zep 2:5
chief rulers: or, princes, Sa2 20:26
Next: 2 Kings (2 Samuel) Chapter 9
Carl Friedrich Keil and Franz Delitzsch

Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, a very brave hero of Kabzeel (see at 2Kings 23:20.), was over the Crethi and Plethi. Instead of והכּרתי, which gives no sense, and must be connected in some way with 3Kings 1:38, 3Kings 1:44, we must read הכּרתי על according to the parallel passage 2Kings 20:23, and the corresponding text of the Chronicles. The Crethi and Plethi were the king's body-guard, σωματοφύλακες (Josephus, Ant. vii. 5, 4). The words are adjectives in form, but with a substantive meaning, and were used to indicate a certain rank, lit. the executioners and runners, like השּׁלישׁי (2Kings 23:8). כּרתי, from כּרת, to cut down or exterminate, signifies confessor, because among the Israelites (see at 3Kings 2:25), as in fact throughout the East generally, the royal halberdiers had to execute the sentence of death upon criminals. פּלתי, from פלת (to fly, or be swift), is related to פּלט, and signifies runners. It is equivalent to רץ, a courier, as one portion of the halberdiers, like the ἄγγαροι of the Persians, had to convey the king's orders to distant places (vid., 2Chron 30:6). This explanation is confirmed by the fact that the epithet והרצים הכּדי was afterwards applied to the king's body-guard (4Kings 11:4, 4Kings 11:19), and that הכּרי for הכּרתי occurs as early as 2Kings 20:23.
כּרי, from כוּר, fodit, perfodit, is used in the same sense.
(Note: Gesenius (Thes. s. vv.) and Thenius (on 3Kings 1:38) both adopt this explanation; but the majority of the modern theologians decide in favour of Lakemacher's opinion, to which Ewald has given currency, viz., that the Crethi or Cari are Cretes or Carians, and the Pelethi Philistines (vid., Ewald, Krit. Gramm. p. 297, and Gesch. des Volkes Israel, pp. 330ff.; Bertheau, zur Geschichte Israel, p. 197; Movers, Phnizier i. p. 19). This view is chiefly founded upon the fact that the Philistines are called C'rethi in 1Kings 30:14, and C'rethim in Zeph 2:5 and Ezek 25:16. But in both the passages from the prophets the name is used with special reference to the meaning of the word הכרית, viz., to exterminate, cut off, as Jerome has shown in the case of Ezekiel by adopting the rendering interficiam interfectores (I will slay the slayers) for את־כּרתים הכרתּי. The same play upon the words takes place in Zephaniah, upon which Strauss has correctly observed: "Zephaniah shows that this violence of theirs had not been forgotten, calling the Philistines Crethim for that very reason, ut sit nomen et omen." Besides, in both these passages the true name Philistines stands by the side as well, so that the prophets might have used the name Crethim (slayers, exterminators) without thinking at all of 1Kings 30:14. In this passage it is true the name Crethi is applied to a branch of the Philistine people that had settled on the south-west of Philistia, and not to the Philistines generally. The idea that the name of a portion of the royal body-guard was derived from the Cretans is precluded, first of all, by the fact of its combination with הפּלתי (the Pelethites); for it is a totally groundless assumption that this name signifies the Philistines, and is a corruption of פלשׁתּים. There are no such contractions as these to be found in the Semitic languages, as Gesenius observes in his Thesaurus (l.c.), "quis hujusmodi contractionem in linguis Semiticis ferat?" Secondly, it is also precluded by the strangeness of such a combination of two synonymous names to denote the royal body-guard. "Who could believe it possible that two synonymous epithets should be joined together in this manner, which would be equivalent to saying Englishmen and Britons?" (Ges. Thes. p. 1107). Thirdly, it is opposed to the title afterwards given to the body-guard, והרצים הכּרי (4Kings 11:4, 4Kings 11:19), in which the Cari correspond to the Crethi, as in 2Kings 20:23, and ha-razim to the Pelethi; so that the term pelethi can no more signify a particular tribe than the term razim can. Moreover, there are other grave objections to this interpretation. In the first place, the hypothesis that the Philistines were emigrants from Crete is merely founded upon the very indefinite statements of Tacitus (Hist. v. 3, 2), "Judaeos Creta insula profugos novissima Libyae insedisse memorant," and that of Steph. Byz. (s. v. Γαζά), to the effect that the city of Gaza was once called Minoa, from Minos a king of Crete, - statements which, according to the correct estimate of Strauss (l.c.), "have all so evidently the marks of fables that they hardly merit discussion," at all events when opposed to the historical testimony of the Old Testament (Deut 2:23; Amos 9:7), to the effect that the Philistines sprang from Caphtor. And secondly, "it is a priori altogether improbable, that a man with so patriotic a heart, and so devoted to the worship of the one God, should have surrounded himself with a foreign and heathen body-guard" (Thenius). This argument cannot be invalidated by the remark "that it is well known that at all times kings and princes have preferred to commit the protection of their persons to foreign mercenaries, having, as they thought, all the surer pledge of their devotedness in the fact that they did not spring from the nation, and were dependent upon the ruler alone" (Hitzig). For, in the first place, the expression "at all times" is one that must be very greatly modified; and secondly, this was only done by kings who did not feel safe in the presence of their own people, which was not the case with David. And the Philistines, those arch-foes of Israel, would have been the last nation that David would have gone to for the purpose of selecting his own body-guard. It is true that he himself had met with a hospitable reception in the land of the Philistines; but it must be borne in mind that it was not as king of Israel that he found refuge there, but as an outlaw flying from Saul the king of Israel, and even then the chiefs of the Philistines would not trust him (1Kings 29:3.). And when Hitzig appeals still further to the fact, that according to 2Kings 18:2, David handed over the command of a third of his army to a foreigner who had recently entered his service, having emigrated from Gath with a company of his fellow-countrymen (2Kings 15:19-20, 2Kings 15:22), and who had displayed the greatest attachment to the person of David (2Kings 15:21), it is hardly necessary to observe that the fact of David's welcoming a brave soldier into his army, when he had come over to Israel, and placing him over a division of the army, after he had proved his fidelity so decidedly as Ittai had at the time of Absalom's rebellion, is no proof that he chose his body-guard from the Philistines. Nor can 2Kings 15:18 be adduced in support of this, as the notion that, according to that passage, David had 600 Gathites in his service as body-guard, is simply founded upon a misinterpretation of the passage mentioned.)
And David's sons were כּהנים ("confidants"); not priests, domestic priests, court chaplains, or spiritual advisers, as Gesenius, De Wette, and others maintain, but, as the title is explained in the corresponding text of the Chronicles, when the title had become obsolete, "the first at the hand (or side) of the king." The correctness of this explanation is placed beyond the reach of doubt by 3Kings 4:5, where the cohen is called, by way of explanation, "the king's friend." The title cohen may be explained from the primary signification of the verb כּהן, as shown in the corresponding verb and noun in Arabic ("res alicujus gerere," and "administrator alieni negotii"). These cohanim, therefore, were the king's confidential advisers.
Geneva 1599
And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada [was over] both the (h) Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David's sons were chief rulers.
(h) The Cherethites and Pelethites were as the king's guard, and had charge of his person.
John Gill
And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over both the Cherethites and Pelethites,.... These, according to Josephus (k), were the king's bodyguards, and this man is expressly said to be set over his guards, 2Kings 23:22; and which some think were of the nation of the Philistines, famous for archery, and slinging of stones; and so the Targum renders it,"was appointed over the archers and slingers;''so "choriti" in Virgil (l) are quivers for arrows; the great use of which in fighting David had observed, and therefore got a select company of these men, partly to teach Israel, and partly to guard himself: but others are of opinion that David would never suffer such as were Heathens to be so near his person, and therefore take them to be Israelites; and so some Jewish writers say they were two families in Israel; which is much better than to interpret them as others do of the sanhedrim, and even of the Urim and Thummim, as in the Targum on 1Chron 18:17; See Gill on Zeph 2:5; and it is most probable that they were Israelites, who were David's guards, and consisted of the chiefs that were with him in Philistia, and particularly at Ziklag, which lay on the south of the Cherethites, 1Kings 30:14; and so had their name from thence; and among the chief of those that came to him at Ziklag there was one named Peleth, from whence might come the Pelethites, and they were all of them archers; see 1Chron 12:2,
and David's sons were chief rulers; princes, princes of the blood, or "chief about the king", as in 1Chron 18:17; they were constant attendants at court, waiting on the king, ready at hand to do what he pleased to order; they were the chief ministers, and had the management of the principal affairs at court. Abarbinel thinks that this respects not only David's sons, but Benaiah, and the family of the Cherethites and Pelethites, who had none of them particular posts assigned them, which were settled and known, as those before mentioned had, but were always near at hand, to do whatsoever the king commanded them; and which seems better to agree with the literal order and construction of the words; which are:
and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and the Cherethites, and Pelethites,
and the sons of David, were princes, or chief rulers; or priests, who according to Gussetius (m) brought the offerings or presents to the king, and did that to him the priests did to the Lord.
(k) Ut supra. (Antiqu. l. 7. c. 5. sect.4.) (l) Aeneid. 10. (m) Ebr. Comment. p. 366.
John Wesley
Cherethites, &c. - The Cherethites and Pelethites were undoubtedly soldiers, and such as were eminent for their valour and fidelity. Most probable they were the king's guards, which consisted of these two bands, who might be distinguished either by their several weapons, or by the differing time or manner of their service. They are supposed to be thus called either, first, from their office, which was upon the king's command to cut off or punish offenders, and to preserve the king's person, as their names in the Hebrew tongue may seem to imply. Or, secondly, from some country, or place to which they had relation. As for the Cherithites, it is certain they were ether a branch of the Philistines, or a people neighbouring to them, and so might the Pelethites be too, though that be not related in scripture. And these Israelites and soldiers of David might be so called, either because they went and lived with David when he dwelt in those parts or, for some notable exploit against, or victory over these people.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Cherethites--that is, Philistines (Zeph 2:5).
Pelethites--from Pelet (1Chron 12:3). They were the valiant men who, having accompanied David during his exile among the Philistines, were made his bodyguard.